Wogulitsa m'munda aliyense akufuna kukolola bwino mu ulimi wobiriwira, atawononga ndalama zochepa ndikuchita khama pa izi. Loto ili limatha kukwaniritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikira, kuthilira, mpweya wokwanira, kutentha kwa nyumba yotsekeka. Njira zokuthirira madzi, zomwe zitha kugulidwa kapena kudzipangira pawokha, zimalola kukhutiritsa kufunika kwa mbewu zobiriwira zamadzi, zimawononga chuma chake. Popeza machitidwe omalizira amagulitsidwa pamtengo wokwera kwambiri, ambiri okhala chilimwe akuyesera kukonza kuthirira m'malo obiriwira ndi manja awo. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizosatheka kupeweratu mtengo wake, chifukwa muyenera kugula zokha zofunika payekha kapena mu seti. Koma ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu zimadzibweza zokha mwa kupulumutsa madzi omwe amaperekedwa pa nthawi yake komanso moyenera ku mizu yazomera zomwe zakula. Zomera zopanda chomera zimamera bwino ndikupanga zipatso zabwino.
Kukonzekera kuthirira kwa madontho mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndikofunikira kupereka madzi pang'onopang'ono kudzera m'mapaipi kupita pachomera chilichonse kuchokera pachidebe chomwe chili pamalo ocheperako. Kuti izi zitheke, tank kapena mbiya imayikidwa pafupi ndi nyumba yobiriwira, yomwe imakwezedwa 1.5-2 mita pamwamba pa nthaka. Makina a machubu opira, omwe m'mimba mwake ndi 10-11 mm okha, amachotsedwa mu thanki ndikutsika.
Bowo amapangidwira mu chubu pafupi ndi mbewuyo ndipo pakapangidwa mulina wozungulira mamilimita awiri ndikuyikamo madzi omwe amayenda muzu. Mothandizidwa ndi dispenser, wapampopi kapena sensor yodziwirira, madzi otenthetsera m'mbale mumakonzedwa, omwe amathandizira kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Mutha kuphunzira momwe mungadzipiritsirere kudzilimbitsa nokha ndi manja anu kuchokera pazinthu: //diz-cafe.com/tech/tajmer-poliva-svoimi-rukami.html
Mwa njira, bwanji kutsitsa? Ndipo chifukwa chake:
- Mwa kumanga dongosolo lothirira madzi obisalamo, mutha kuteteza zipatso ndi masamba ambiri azipatso zamasamba ku chinyezi chosafunikira.
- Kutumphuka sikumera panthaka panthilira, chifukwa mizu imatha "kupumira".
- Kuthirira kwa malo sikulola kuti namsongole akule, motero nkotheka kupulumutsa mphamvu pa udzu.
- Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mbeu zomwe zimamera msanga, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso matenda a fungus amachepa.
- Ntchito yolima masamba ndi maluwa pobiriwira kumachitika ndi ntchito yayitali.
- Kutsatira njira yolimbikitsira komanso ulimi wothirira mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu.
- Mafuta akumwa bwino. Ndikofunikira makamaka ku nyumba zanyumba za chilimwe zomwe zimakumana ndi zovuta ndi kupezeka kwamadzi.
Zofunika! Zoyipa za kuthilira kwa madontho, zomwe zimakonzedwa munyengo yobiriwira ndi manja anu, zimaphatikizanso kufunika koyang'anira kudzazidwa kwa thanki ndi madzi pakalibe madzi apakatikati, komanso kutsekeka kwa ziphalaphala. Kubwezeretsa kotsiriza ndikosavuta kukonza ngati muphatikiza fyuluta mu dongosololi, ndikutseka chidebe ndi chivindikiro cholimba.
Kusankha kwa zinthu zakukonzekera kuthirira
Nyumba zosungiramo mitengo zojambulidwa m'nyumba zanyengo yachilimwe ndi ziwembu zam'munda nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa mamita 6-8. Pazinthu zing'onozing'ono zoterezi, titha kugwiritsa ntchito machubu a mainchesi 8 (8 mm). Kwa timiyala tating'onoting'ono timeneti, timaphatikizika timene timakhala timene timathandizira kulumikiza zinthu zomwe zili ndi njira yothirira. Ngati machubu amadzimadzi akunja agwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti pali zofunika kugula ngakhale mphuno zowonda kwambiri ndi mainchesi okha a 3-5 mm. Ma machubu awa amalumikiza ma donels akunja ndi maupangiri momwe madzi amaperekedwera kumizu ya chomera chilichonse.
Mitundu ya zovekera
Makina othirira a micro-drip, omwe asungidwa kuchokera ku machubu a 8 mm, akuphatikiza ma microfittings angapo, omwe ali:
- zigawo zotchingidwa;
- ma tees;
- ngodya;
- mapesi;
- mitanda;
- minicranes;
- zotsekera, kupereka kusintha kwa kulumikizidwa;
- ma anti-drainage mavavu.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake amizimba, zoyikirazi zimayikidwa mosavuta, kuonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwe a dongosolo lino akukakamizidwa mpaka malengalenga atatu. Kufanizira kukakamizidwa kwa mfundo zovomerezeka (0.8-2 atm), magiya apadera amamangidwa mu dongosololi.
Zinthu zikuluzikulu zomwe zingafunike podzilumitsa nokha dongosolo lothirira madzi obzala mbewu yobiriwira m'nyumba yanyengo yachilimwe
Mitundu Yothandiza
Madzi amafika pamizu ya mbeu kudzera paupangiri, womwe umatha kukhala wamba komanso labyrinth. Yoyamba imasankhidwa pomwe lingaliro limodzi lokha likuyenera kuyikidwa pa dontho. Njira yachiwiri ndiyofunikira pokhapokha ngati maupangiri awiri kapena anayi alumikizidwa ndi dontho kudzera pazogawika.
Dontho lokwanira kuthirira lokwanira ndi gearbox koyenera kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi ochokera pampope wamadzi
Zomwe zimayikidwa kukhazikitsa ma dropers akunja
Musanayambe kuphatikiza dongosolo lothirira m'malo obisalamo, muyenera kukonzekera masitepe ndi kujambula chithunzi, ndikuyika kutalika kwa mapaipi ndi ma dontho olumikizidwa nawo. Kenako, malinga ndi chojambulachi, chiwerengero chofunikira cha kutalika kofunikacho chimakonzedwa, chomwe chimaphatikizidwa kukhala dongosolo limodzi logwiritsa ntchito zofunikira. Zida zina zimagulidwanso, mndandanda womwe umaphatikizapo zosefera ndi zochita zokha pofunsidwa ndi wosamalira mundawo.
Kapangidwe ka kayendedwe ka madzi akathiramo madzi obiriwira. Tanki yosungirako imayikidwa pamalo okwera kuti ipange kupanikizika kofunikira kuti ipereke madzi kudzera pa chubu
Njira yothirira madontho yomwe ikuphatikizidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha malinga ndi chiwembucho chikugwirizana ndi malo opangira madzi kapena akasungidwe pogwiritsa ntchito adapter yapadera yoyenera ndi chingwe cha ¾. Makina awa amatha kulumikizidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi chitoliro chamadzi, kapena fayilo imayikidwa pakati pawo, kapena imalumikizidwa ndi valavu ya solenoid ya automation system.
Zofunika! Machubu amadulidwa motalika kuti nsonga igwere muzu wa chomera.
Njira yokhazikika yothirira
Sikuti aliyense wokhala mmalimwe sangakwanitse kukhala kudera lakumidzi kapena kubwera tsiku lililonse kudzatulira mabedi. Makina osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi nyumba akupangidwa, kulola kuti kupatsa mbewu ndi madzi popanda eni nyumbayo.
Mtundu wosangalatsa wa chipangizo chothiririra mu wowonjezera kutentha mdziko muno ndi manja anu akufotokozedwa. Kuphweka kopatsa chidwi kwa kapangidwe kake, kupezeka kwa zinthu zofunika pamsonkhano wake. Nthawi yomweyo, wokhala m'chilimwe sangatenge ndalama zambiri.
Chiwembu chokhazikitsidwa ndi nyumba, chophatikizidwa ndi manja anu kuchokera pazinthu zopangidwa mwaluso, poyendetsa madzi othirira a mbewu zobiriwira pamalo osakhalapo wokhala chilimwe. Nthano: 1 - mbiya yokhala ndi valavu yosakira madzi;
2 - mphamvu yoyendetsa; 3 - mafelemu; 4 - m'munsi; 5 - chitoliro chochuluka.
Zingwe zopangira pulasitiki zisanu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati akasinja osungira ndi maenje. Pamwamba pa chimbale chimadulidwa pakona. Tanki yosungirayo imayikidwa pakona, kuipukuta ndi tepi ya duct ku thabwa lamatabwa. Kumbali inayo, wogwirizira (P) amamangiriridwa pa bala iyi. Kuyendetsa kumayenda mozungulira mbali yolumikizana (0) pakati pamaimidwe awiri (A ndi B), kukhazikika pamunsi. Chingwe chimayikidwanso pamtunda womwewo, kutsegulira komwe kumalumikizana ndi chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira.
Madzi akuyenda kuchokera mgolo kupita mu thanki yosungirako pang'onopang'ono amadzaza. Zotsatira zake, malo apakati oyendetsa amayendetsa. Mkulu wake ukachulukitsa kulemera kwa wopepuka, umakoka ndikuthilira madzi kulowa mu chosungiramo, kenako ndikulowetsa chitolirocho ndi mabowo omwe ali pafupi ndi mizu ya mbewuzo. Kuyendetsa komwe kumatsitsidwa kumayambiranso pomwe kumayambira pansi pa zoyeserera ndipo njira yodzaza ndi madzi imabwerezedwanso. Pogwiritsa ntchito valavu, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumadzi osungira kuchokera ku mbiya kumayendetsedwa.
Zofunika! Kulemera kwa wotsutsa, ngodya zomwe zimayendetsa kuyendetsa, malo azembe amasankhidwa mwamphamvu. Ntchito ya kukhazikitsa kwathunthu imasinthidwa pamanja nthawi zingapo zoyesera kuthirira.
Kapena mwina tengani zida zokonzekera msonkhano?
Ogulitsidwa pali zida zotsika mtengo zamagetsi obwezera omwe amakhala ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pakuphatikiza dongosolo la kuthilira kupatula zosefera. Chifukwa chake, zosefera ziyenera kugulidwa payokha. Mapaipi akuluakulu amapangidwa ndi mapaipi a polyethylene a 25 mm, omwe ndi olimba, opepuka, osakhudzidwa ndi kutu. Kuphatikiza apo, makoma awo amalimbana ndi feteleza amadzimadzi, omwe amatha kuperekedwa kwa mbewu kudzera muthiridwe. Njira yoyika dongosololi ikufotokozedwa mu malangizo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kit.
Zida za chipangizo chothirira madzi mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi makonzedwe a malo awo ndi njira yolumikizira kachitidwe kake ndi madzi
Mabowo a 14 mm amakimbidwa m'makoma akulu a mapaipi akuluakulu, momwe amayamba kuthirira amayikiramo pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe za mphira. Matepi oyesa kutalika amayesedwa poyambira. Malekezero amapa matipi amatsekeka ndi mapulagi. Pachifukwa ichi, chidutswa cha masentimita asanu chimadulidwa kuchokera pa tepi iliyonse, yomwe imayikidwa kumapeto kwake. Kuti ntchito yothirira wowonjezera kutentha ikhale yokha, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa oyendetsa magetsi omwe amayatsidwa ndi mabatire. Kukonzanso kwa ntchito yosonkhetsa mathirakiti kumachepetsedwa kuti kuyeretsa kwakanthawi.
Kuwunikira kofananira kwa zosefera zamadzi zanyumba zamadzilimwe kudzakhalanso kothandiza: //diz-cafe.com/voda/filtr-ochistki-vody-dlya-dachi.html
Kuchepetsa kuthirira kwa mbande za nkhaka pamalo obiriwira kumakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa madzi, komanso mphamvu ndi nthawi yofunikira kuti muchepetse nthaka poto lililonse
Malinga ndi dongosolo lochekeramo madzi akumwa, madzi omwewo amaperekedwa ku chomera chilichonse. Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa mukabzala mbewu, kusankha mbewu zomwe zimasiyana madzi akumwa m'magulu. Kupanda kutero, mbewu zina zimalandira chinyezi chambiri, pomwe zina zidzakhala zochulukirapo, kapena, mosiyana.
Ndikwabwino kuyamba kusonkhanitsa dongosolo lothirira madzi kumapeto kwa dzinja. Mukapanga pulani yodzala, ndipo mutasonkhanitsa dongosolo mogwirizana ndi mapulani okonzedweratu, mutha kuyiyika mu greenhouse mutathira. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zopangidwa kale zogulitsa m'magulu apadera olimapo dimba, pangani njira yothirira nokha pansi pa mphamvu ya aliyense wokhala chilimwe. Chifukwa chake, kubweretsa tekinoloje yatsopano yothirira mbewu zobzalidwa pamalo obiriwira, mutha kukwanitsa zokolola zabwino komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito posamalira minda.
