Phalaenopsis orchids amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu mobwerezabwereza kuposa njira zina. Kawirikawiri, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene pakufunika kukwaniritsa mitundu yatsopano ya zomera yomwe imasiyanasiyana ndi maluwa kapena masamba.
Izi zimafuna chidziwitso ndi luso linalake, ndipo makamaka chofunika chipiriro chachikulu. Koma kutenga ntchito yovuta ngati imeneyi, pamapeto pake, mphotho siidzakhalanso nthawi yaitali, ziphuphu za zomera zatsopano zidzawonekera, ndipo zaka zingapo maluwa okongola adzakondweretsa diso.
Kodi njira yoberekera iyi ndi yotani?
Kuberekana kwa mbeu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala mbewu. Pankhani iyi, kusinthana kwa majeremusi kumachitika. Kusintha kwa makhalidwe a makolo kumathandiza kwambiri pakubereka, ndipo kumathandiza kuti pakhale mitundu yatsopano ya zomera zomwe zimakhala zofunikira. Zipatso ndi mbewu zikuwoneka kuchokera maluwa. Chofunika kwambiri chopezera mbeu ndi kamwana kamene kamakhala ndi umuna ndi umuna wa pistil, womwe umabweretsa chipatso, ndiyeno mbewu imapezeka kuchokera ku mazira.
Zabwino ndi zamwano
Kufalitsa mbewu ndizovuta kwambiri, ndi ubwino ndi zovuta. Izi ziyenera kumveka kuti ma orchids alibe chakudya kapena mapulogalamu a endosperm. Chodziwika n'chakuti zakudya zowonjezera ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo ziri muphuphu.
Mbeu zochepa kwambiri zimafera pakamera. Pochitika kuti mbewuyo yaphuka, imakhala ngati tuber monga mapangidwe kapena zowonjezera. Kuti ikhale ngati chomera chodziimira, ndiko kuti, chingathe kusokoneza makompyuta osiyanasiyana kuti ikhale yosavuta, imayenera kukhala ndi bowa. Koma chomeracho chikhonza kufabe. Kapena chifukwa ma orchid ali ofooka kwambiri, ndipo bowa udzawononga mbewu. Kapenanso chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri ndipo sichitha kutenga kachilomboka.
Zotsatira:
- Kusungidwa m'tsogolo chomera cha chromosomes ya anthu a amayi ndi amayi.
- Zotsatira zake ndi zomera zosagonjetsedwa komanso zosagonjetsa nyengo.
Wotsatsa:
- Chiyambi choyamba mu zaka 4-5.
- Kuonetsetsa kuti chiwerengero chazitali chimafika pobzala.
- Mbeu zazikulu kwambiri. Komanso, amayamba kudwala matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Zakudya zosakaniza zofunikira zimayenera.
Kodi mungapeze kuti mbewu, ndipo ndalama zake ndi zingati?
Mbewu yamaluwa ingagulidwe pa shopu la maluwa kapena kulamulidwa kuchokera ku sitolo ya pa intaneti. Njira yovuta kwambiri ndikutengera mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu zambewu.inakhazikitsidwa pa phalaenopsis orchid. Ndalama zomwe zimawonongedwa ku Moscow ndi pafupifupi 400 rubles, ku St. Petersburg - 300 rubles.
Kodi chithunzichi chikuwoneka bwanji?
Mbeu za orchid ndizochepa, ngati fumbi. Pakati pa nyengo amatha kupsa kwa miliyoni. Ndiyenela kudziŵa kuti ali mphukira zoipa.
Onani momwe mbewu za maluwa zimayang'ana pa chithunzichi:
Kodi mungachoke bwanji maluwa kunyumba?
Pofuna kupeza mbeu panyumba mukufunikira kuyendetsa mungu. Mudzafunika katsabola ndi maluwa awiri. Kuchita pollination kungathe kudutsa (kuchokera ku orchid kupita ku ina) kapena mwachindunji pa chomera chimodzi.
Ndikofunikira! Maluwa onse kupatula pamwamba ayenera kuchotsa.
- Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa apamwamba.
- Mankhwala otsekemera amavuta kwambiri kuchotsa boot. Kuti tichite zimenezi, m'pofunika kuti pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono, pakhomopo padzakhala phokoso (zomatira), zidzamangiriza kumayendedwe ndi kuchoka pa duwa.
- Ndiye mumayenera kumasula boot ku mamba. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ena opangira mano.
- Boti yoyeretsedwa iyenera kumangirizidwa ku zomangiriza za boot ya duwa lina.
Ngati zonse zikuchitidwa molondola, pakatha miyezi itatu mpaka itatu, nyemba zambewu ziyenera kukula. Pafupifupi miyezi itatu, m'pofunika kuyika thumba pa bokosi la mbewu, mwinamwake, mutasweka, mbewu zonse zidzabalalitsa. Nsalu ya thumba muyenera kusankha kupuma. Musanagwiritse ntchito thumba muyenera kuphika.
Nthawi yabwino yofika
Mukhoza kubzala phalaenopsis nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, chinthu chachikulu ndikumupatsa zinthu zofunika kukula. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi masika. Panthawi imeneyi, zinthu zonse zabwino zamoyo zimakhala bwino.
Kodi mphamvu ndi nthaka yosankha?
Mbeu zowzalidwa zimayenera kufesedwa m'magulu opangidwa ndi agar, chifukwa sakhala ndi zakudya zowonjezera, kamwana kamene kamakhala kochepa. Kubzala mbewu:
- mabanki ochokera pansi pa zothetsera droppers, atatsekedwa ndi kapu yampira;
- mayeso;
- mipira ya galasi;
- zitini ndi zivindikiro zosindikizidwa.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zitini ndi zisoti, onetsetsani kuti mukupanga mabowo mumapopu. Ayenera kuika gawo laling'ono la galasi. Ikani ubweya wa thonje mmenemo. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti mpweya ukhoze kulowa mu mtsuko, ndipo ubweya wa thonje umakhala ngati chotchinga motsutsana ndi fumbi ndi mabakiteriya.
Ndondomeko malangizo: momwe mungamere chomera?
Ganizirani momwe mungamere duwa ndi mbewu kunyumba.
Kukonzekera
Pofesa mbewu za orchid, m'pofunika kupanga mchere wambiri. Ikhoza kugulitsidwa ku sitolo, kapena dziphike nokha. Kwa makina 200 a gramu mudzafunikira:
- Madzi osweka - 100-15 0ml.
- Feteleza wa orchid - 2-3 gr.
- Shuga - 1 gr.
- Uchi - 1g.
- Agar-Agar - 3-4 gr. Mukhoza kutenga mbatata kapena wowuma (20 gm).
- Anayambitsa mpweya - ¼ piritsi.
- Mapewa abirimu obiriwira - 5-7 gr.
- Chotsitsa mpweya, nthochi ayenera kugaya mu blender.
- Onjezerani shuga kwa madzi osungunuka, mubweretse ku chithupsa ndikusakaniza zonse zopangira ndi zotsatira zake.
- Pambuyo podikira kuti ukhale wochuluka, chotsani chisakanizocho kuchokera ku chitofu.
Kutsegula m'mimba komanso kuthira mankhwala osakaniza
Zakudya zamadzimadzi zimatsanulira mitsuko. Amasungidwa m'firiji kwa milungu ingapo. Onetsetsani kuti mtsuko wotsalira uyenera kuyamirizidwa. Pochita izi, ikani pansi pa poto ndi madzi ndipo wiritsani kwa mphindi 30 mutatha kutentha. Katemera amafunika 2 nthawi.
Kutsekula m'mimba kwa kubzala
Musanafese njere, m'pofunika kuti muzisamalidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ziwathandize kuti athetse vutoli. Limbikitsani kubzala mbeu musanayambe kumwa mowa wa ethyl ndikuuwotcha.
Ndikofunikira! Bokosi lisakhale louma.
Dulani ndi mpeni wosabala ndikuwatsanulira mitsuko yolimba ya agar.
Kufesa
Kufesa wosabala ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito galasi. Kuti muchite izi, manja anu ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi antiseptic kapena kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi osabereka. Atatha kuyeretsa ndi kuthira pamwamba pa mbaleyo, banki imayikidwa pa iyo. Chofukizacho chiyenera kuyatsa.
- Pezani mbewu kuchokera mubokosi la mbewu. Chitani ichi ndi chida chosakera.
- Khosi la mtsuko limalimbikitsidwa kugwira pamoto.
- Thirani mbeu mu mtsuko.
- Gwiranso khosi la mtsuko pamoto, kutseka chivindikiro.
Pali njira yachiwiri yobzala mbewu.
- Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kupanga mabowo m'makalatawo ndikukutseka ndi tepi.
- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, mbeuyi iyenera kuikidwa mu gawo la magawo atatu la hydrogen peroxide.
- Thirani kaphatikizidwe mu siritseni ndi kutsanulira mu mtsuko kudutsa mu dzenje.
- Pambuyo pofesa, nkofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mbewu kumera.
- Ngati nkhungu imapezeka mu mtsuko, nyemba zosakaniza ndi mbeu kuchokera pamenepo ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera mu miyezi 1-2.
Kuthirira koyamba
Musanabzala zomera zazing'ono mumtunda wovomerezeka wa orchids, safunikira kuthirira. Ndikofunika kupopera utsi ndi madzi ozizira firiji. Gawoli liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono.
Kusamalanso kwina
- Kuunikira Kuunika kwapadera kunasankhidwa. Tsiku lowala losatha maola 12.
- Kutentha Kutentha komwe kumafunikira kuti kukula kukule ndi madigiri 20-23. Pambuyo pafupi chaka chimodzi, zomera zachinyamata ziyenera kuikidwa mu nthaka yowonongeka, yomwe imakhala yokonzedwa ndi khungwa, sphagnum moss, rhizomes ya fern mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1.
Kukula ma orchid kuchokera ku mbewu kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Mukatha kuthana nawo, mukhoza kuyang'ana kwa zaka zambiri maluwa okongola a zomera zatsopano.
