Wokongola wachikasu wamaluwa a phalaenopsis - makamaka chisamaliro ndi zithunzi za chomera

Phalaenopsis ya mtundu wa mtundu wa mtundu wa orchid, imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kukongola kwakukulu komanso kusamalidwa bwino kunyumba. Mithunzi ya zosiyanazi ndi zodabwitsa muzosiyana zawo. Zitha kukhala zosaoneka bwino, zofiira, ndipo zimakhala zodzaza ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maonekedwe ndi yodabwitsa, cholemera chamtengo wapatali chochokera ku zoyera ndi zonona ku burgundy ndi zakuda. Phalaenopsis ndi maluwa achikasu amawoneka okongola komanso okongola, koma ngakhale apa sikumphweka. Maluwa amatha kukhala otumbululuka chikasu, pafupifupi oonekera, ndipo amatha kudula diso ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri. Monga lamulo, shtambov adzakhala ndi maziko owala kwambiri.

Makhalidwe

Phalaenopsis chikasu - maluwa otalika kwambiri ndi fungo lokoma, okongola kwambiri. Masamba ake aakulu samasowa dzuwa.

Dzina la chomera ichi chinaperekedwa kwa katswiri wa botanasi Karl Blume, yemwe anawona kufanana kwa maluwa ndi agulugufe (Phalaenopsis amatanthauza butterfly, njenjete). Phalaenopsis ndi malo otentha ku Southeast Asia. Mbali yaikulu ya orchid iyi ndi yomwe imafalikira nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Maluwa amapezeka kangapo pachaka ndipo amatha miyezi iwiri. Panthawiyi, maluwa pafupifupi 60 amaonekera pa peduncle.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi zawo

Phalaenopsis ali ndi mitundu yokwana 60, imakhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa mbewu. Kunyumba, nthawi zambiri amakula mitundu yambiri ya ma orchid.

Big Lip

Maluwa amenewa ali ndi maluwa aakulu kwambiri. Kutalika kwa peduncle kumafikira 80 masentimita. Masamba ndi obiriwira, obiriwira mobiriwira, ophimba ndi wosanjikiza wa sera.

Mphukira Yaikulu imamasula kawiri pachaka, ndipo chomera chilichonse chingakhale ndi peduncles awiri. Kuyambira 4 mpaka 6 maluwa akuluakulu amawonekera pa phokoso lililonse.

Multiflora

Orchid Multiflora ili ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri., pamagulu ang'onoang'ono a mtundu wofiira kapena wofiira amaonekera. Masamba ndi ofewa, owopsa, wakuda.

Stewart

Kuwonjezera pa zowala, zachilendo maluwa, chodziwika cha mtundu uwu wa orchid ndi motley masamba. Maluwa a mawonekedwe apakati, opaka utoto wofiira ndi madontho ofiira ndi mtundu wa variegated, awulule mpaka zidutswa 60 m'litali lonse la peduncle. Mphungu ya maluwa imakondweretsa diso ndi maluwa kwa nthawi yaitali - mpaka miyezi isanu.

Mini

Mini yamaluwa amafunika kukula pang'ono, kutalika kwa peduncle sikufikira masentimita 20. Amamasula kwa nthawi yaitali, kumasula mivi, ndi maluwa a chikasu chowala komanso malo owala.

Peloric

Kawirikawiri maluwa a mitundu imeneyi amakhala ndi mithunzi yambiri. Mtundu wakuda umaphatikizidwa ndi mazito pinki, ofiira ndi ofiira. Mitundu ina yambiri imafuna chinyezi ndi dzuwa. Peduncle nthawi zambiri amafika 70 cm mu msinkhu.

Phalaenopsis Pelorica imamasula nthawi zoposa 2 pachaka ndipo imakhala ndi nthawi yaitali yopuma.

Stuart

Zimasiyanitsa kwambiri, zosaoneka bwino mthunzi wa chikasu. Peduncle imakula mpaka masentimita 70, ndipo maluwa pafupifupi 100 amawululidwa pa iyo, ndi madigiri a 5-6 masentimita.

Zosamalira

Phalaenopsis yachikasu sali ngati chomera chokha. Zimasintha mofulumira kupita kumalo osinthika, ndi kutentha kwabwino, kuwala ndi chinyezi mlengalenga.

Kwa Phalaenopsis, muyenera kugula:

• mphika woonekera;
• gawo lapadera;
• feteleza wapadera kwa orchids.

Zokwanira kuti maluwa a orchid azilima, amakhala ndi makungwa a pine, peat peat ndi makala. Pambuyo maluwa, nkhwangwa imayamba kufota, koma simukusowa kuitulutsa nthawi yomweyo. Powonongeka pang'onopang'ono, imapatsa zakudya zokhazokha m'munda.

Ngati peduncle ikadali yobiriwira ndipo imatulutsa masamba atsopano, sizingathetsedwe.. Posakhalitsa mbewuyo idzaphuka kachiwiri. Peduncle anadulidwa patali wa masentimita 1 pamwamba pa mphukira yogona, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi mitsuko yamadzi. Izi zidzatulutsa mawonekedwe atsopano.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone kanema zokhudzana ndi zinsinsi za kukula kwa Phalaenopsis orchid:

Malingaliro odiririra

Ndikokwanira kuthirira maluwa kawiri pa sabata, panthawi yomweyi ndi bwino kutsanulira madzi mu poto. Ndikofunika kuyang'ana mtundu wa mizu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yobiriwira.

Mtundu wa siliva wa mizu ndi chizindikiro cha madzi okwanira. Mtundu wofiirira wa mizu umatanthauza kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, zomwe zingayambitse mahatchi. Pakati pa maluwa, maluwa ndi maluwa ayenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha, oyera, okhazikika.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema momwe tingasamalire bwino Phalaenopsis orchid:

Kupaka pamwamba

Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndibwino kuyamba pomwe sitolo yoyamba ikuyenda.kupeŵa wilting wa maluwa ndi masamba. Kenaka chomera chimadyetsedwa feteleza kwa orchids kawiri pa mwezi, pamodzi ndi kuthirira. Pakati pa mbeu yonseyo ndi okwanira kulima kamodzi pamwezi, kuchepetsa feteleza ndi theka.

Kuwaza

Phalaenopsis safuna kuikidwa kawirikawiri, kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri zokwanira.

Pa nthawi yopatsa, muyenera kufufuza bwinobwino mizu ndikudula odwala ndi opusa ndi mpeni. Ndilofunikira kukonza malo ocheka ndi malasha kapena sulfure kuti musayambe kuvunda mizu.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema pa momwe mungakwirire phalaenopsis bwino:

Kuswana

Phalaenopsis Mkhalidwe waukulu wa kubalana ndi kuti duwa liyenera kukhala labwino kwambiri, ndi mizu yabwino kwambiri komanso mizere yambiri ya masamba 5-8. Phalaenopsis ikhoza kufalikira m'njira zingapo:

• Kubalanso kwa ana a Falnopsis.

  Mitundu yonse ya Phalaenopsis yosamala nthawi zonse imawoneka osati pa peduncles maluwa, koma omwe amatchedwa ana ndi mizu yawo 3-5 cm yaitali. Angathe kubzala mu mphika wosiyana.

  1. Choyamba, ayenera kukhala osiyana kwambiri ndi chomera;
  2. kuti ziume;
  3. kukonza mabala ndi malasha;
  4. kenaka muikeni mu mphika ndi gawo lapansi la orchids ndikudikirira kukula kwa chomera chatsopano.

  Ngakhale ngati simukukonzekera kubzala mbewu, makanda amafunika kupatulidwa, mwinamwake pakapita nthawi, ana ambiri akhoza kuvulaza chomeracho, chidzafooka ndi kufota.

• Kubalana pogawanitsa chitsamba.

  M'magulu a orchid akuluakulu, mazenera angapo a rosettes amapangidwa m'kupita kwa nthawi.

  Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, zabwino kwambiri panthawi yopatsa, mbewuyo ingagawidwe m'makope angapo. Aliyense adzakhala ndi mizu yake komanso masamba ake.
  1. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni woyera, chomeracho n'chogawidwa bwino, ndipo magawo odulidwa amadzala ndi malasha;
  2. ndi bwino kusiya chomera usiku kuti uume;
  3. kenaka muikeni mu mphika ndi nthaka yochokera ku makungwa a pine ndi makala.

• Flower mapesi.

  Iyi ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yobereketsera.

  1. Mbewu ikatha, peduncle imadulidwa ndi mpeni wotetezedwa ndi disinfected ndipo imagawidwa m'magulu angapo pamtunda wa masentimita 3-4 ndipo nthawizonse imakhala ndi impso zogona;
  2. malo ocheka amadzazidwa ndi malasha;
  3. Zidutswa ziyenera kubzalidwa mu sphagnum moss pogwiritsa ntchito mini-wowonjezera kutentha kapena chidebe chophimba;
  4. Mitengoyi imayikidwa pamalo ofunda, okongola, ndipo posachedwa ayamba kukula.

Tikupereka kuyang'ana kanema za njira ndi njira za phalaenopsis kubereka.

Njira 1:

Njira 2:

Matenda

Pofuna kupewa matenda ndi maonekedwe a tizirombo, nkofunika kuyesa chomera kangapo pamwezi. Phalaenopsis akhoza kudwala matenda awa:

1. Fusarium.

   Matenda owopsa kwambiri osachiritsika a fungal. Zikuwoneka pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito nthaka zosayenera, zomera zam'madzi, kusowa kwa mpweya ndi dzuwa. Kuwonetsedwa ndi maonekedwe a mawanga oyera ndi kukhudza kwa muzu. Ngati chomeracho chikudwala Fusarium, chiyenera kuwonongedwa pamodzi ndi mphika, mwinamwake maluwa ena akhoza kutenga kachilomboka.

2. Mizu yovunda.

   Zimapezeka mu chinyezi chofunda bwino chifukwa cha madzi okwanira kwambiri. Masamba adzakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo masamba onsewo adzawoneka ofiira.

   Pozindikira matendawa, mbewuyo ikhoza kupulumutsidwa mwa kudula malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuchiza mabalawo ndi fungicide. Pofuna kupeŵa kubwereranso, ikani chomera kwa masiku angapo pamalo ouma, ozizira.

3. Matenda a bakiteriya.

   Amasonyezedwa ndi maonekedwe a bulauni pama masamba. Mukangopeza utoto wotere, muyenera kudula ndi kuchitapo kanthu pepala lotsalira lokhala ndi makala ophwanyika. Apo ayi, mabakiteriya amafalikira pazomerazo ndipo adzafa.

4. Matenda opatsirana monga Cymbidium Mosaic ndi Odontoglossum.

   Kuphwera kapena mawanga amawonekera pamakhala ndi masamba. Iwo amayamba kutulutsidwa ndiyeno nkupunduka. Matendawa sali kuchiritsidwa ndipo amawulanso ku zomera zina, choncho maluwa pamodzi ndi mphikawo ayenera kutayidwa kunja.

Tizilombo

Phalaenopsis nthawi zambiri amamenyedwa ndi tizirombo monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Amayamwa madzi kuchokera ku chomera, kusokoneza photosynthesis ya duwa. Mapesi amafota, ndipo masamba ndi masamba amayamba kugwa.

Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za maonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, m'pofunika kusamba chomera pansi pamadzi otentha kuti tipewe tizirombo zambiri. Ndiye muyenera kuchiza tizirombo ta Phalaenopsis. Zingatenge mankhwala angapo kuti athetseratu mavitamini..

Phalaenopsis - yabwino kusankha m'nyumba zomera, kwa onse odziwa ndi novice wamaluwa. Mtundu wosakanizidwawu ndi maluwa achikasu-chikasu umaonekera chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kodabwitsa. Zimatanthawuza za hybrids zomwe zatengera chidwi chawo ku ma orchid, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo sizimangokhala zopanda chidwi pa unamwino, zokondweretsa ndi zomera zamaluwa.