Schizantus - Chomera chodabwitsa kuchokera ku banja la Solanaceae, chomwe chingathe kukhala unobtrusively, koma mwabwino kukongoletsa nyumba yanu yachilimwe. Maluwawo ndi abwino chifukwa ndi okongola kwambiri, okonzeka komanso osasamala. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za zomera izi, tidzatha kudziwa zomwe zingabzalidwe pakhomo ndikusamalira.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Dziko lakwawo la schisantus (kapena schizantus) - South America ndi South Africa, apa ndipamene zinyama zamoyozi ndizofala kwambiri. Chomeracho ndi nthambi zambiri ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. 
Maluwa ake ambiri amafanana ndi orchid. Pachifukwa ichi, maluwa a maluwa amajambulidwa ndi mazira obiriwira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madontho ndi dashes.
Mukudziwa? Schizantus ndi chomera chochokera ku banja la Solanaceae; mbatata, fodya ndi masamba a masamba ndi a banja lomwelo.
M'dera lathu, schizantus sichinafalikirebe, koma wamaluwa ambiri akuganizira kale zomera.
Mitundu
Kumtchire, muli mitundu 15 ya schizantus, koma munthu amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga zokongola zokhazokha. Ambiri omwe amachoka pansi ndi awa:
- Cirrus Schizantus - imakula mpaka masentimita 45 mu msinkhu, sichita nthambi zochulukira poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, koma pambali ina pali mitundu yambiri yam'madzi kumapeto kwa nthambi zake. Maluwa ake nthawi zambiri amakhala amtundu komanso amakhala ndi zofiirira. Mitunduyi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zokolola zosiyanasiyana za zomera.
- Schizanthus Graham - duwa ili limakula mpaka masentimita 60, ili ndi nthambi zambiri, ndipo zimayambira za zomera izi ndizolimba. Mitengo yamaluwa imakhala yofiira pinki kapena yofiirira, imakhala ndi mawanga achikasu ndi mizere yofiira. Ngati mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa, ndiye zotsatira zake ndi zoyera, zofiira ndi zofiirira maluwa.
- Vizetonsky shizantus. Chomera ichi ndi wosakanizidwa ndi schisantus ndi nthenga za Graham za schizantus. Kuchokera ku mitundu iwiriyi, duwa linatenga makhalidwe abwino kwambiri: limakula mpaka masentimita 80, ili ndi nthambi zambiri ndipo lili ndi maluwa ambiri pamthambi. Masamba onse ndi maluwa a maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe osasunthika, komanso kukula kwake maluwa amatha kufika pa masentimita awiri.
Izi ndi mitundu yofala kwambiri ya maluwa awa, omwe amakula m'maluwa. Ganizirani mmene mungamere chomera ichi kuchokera ku mbewu.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Maluwawa amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, ndipo nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobereketsa imakhala ngati August kapena September.
Mmera
Nkhumba za Schizantus zimabzalidwa mu thanki ndi kusakaniza mpweya umene umayenera kukhala mchenga. Mbewu pamtunda woteroyo amafunika kuwaza ndi nthaka, ndikuphimba chidebe ndi galasi kapena filimu kuti asunge chinyezi. Mbewu zikamera ndikukula pa mphukira za masamba awiri, zimakhala zidutswa 1-3 m'miphika yosiyana.
Schizantus ya potted iyenera kukhala pamalo abwino, koma ndi otsika pamwamba-zero kutentha, kotero kuti zimamera overwinter ndi kukula mu kasupe. 
Kale mu March kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, schizantus amafesedwa pa mbande, koma zomera zotere zimamera mochedwa, ndipo maluwa awo sali obiriwira.
Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa a schisantus, ndiye kuti mbewu zimayenera kubzalidwa kangapo kuyambira nthawi ya September kufikira mwezi wa April, kumamatira pafupipafupi.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mutabzala shizantus pamalo osalidwa bwino, zidzakula kwambiri ndipo sizidzakula bwino.
Mbande zabwino zimabzalidwa panthawi imene mpweya kutentha umakhala mkati mwa 16 ...
Kuwonera kanema kwa mbande za schisantus zakula
Malo
Maluwa amenewa amakonda malo a dzuwa, choncho ndi bwino kuti uzibzala pa sitelo ndi masana.
Kuti chomera chikhale chokongola, muyenera kuchima mu umuna, kumasula nthaka.
Schizantus wabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 25 pakati pa mbande ndi kumera kumera kwa masentimita 10 akuya.
Nthaka
Kuti chomera chikhale bwino ndikuphuka kwambiri, muyenera kulingalira mozama nthaka imene idzabzalidwa. Ndi bwino kudzala duwa ku chernozem.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yaukhondo kwambiri, kuti mtundu wa maluwawo ukhale wolimba bwino ndi bwino kuthirira nthaka ndi feteleza phosphate.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe dongosolo la feteleza pa nthaka zosiyanasiyana, komanso mudziwe njira zomwe mungathandizire kuti chonde chikhale chonde.
Kusamalira Zomera
Kuti maluwa awa akondweretse inu motalika kwambiri, muyenera kusamalira mosamala.
Kutentha
Schizanthus silingalekerere kutentha ndi kutentha, njira yabwino kwambiri ya maluwa imeneyi ndi ya 15+ + madigiri 24. 
Kuthirira
Maluwa awa amafunika kuthirira moyenera, kuti nthaka isakhale youma kapena yonyowa. Kuthirira schisantus kuyenera kukhala mosamala, mtsinje wa madzi kutsogolera pansi pazu, kuti usawononge maluwa osalimba.
Chinyezi
Shizantus amafunikira mpweya wouma ndipo salola kulema. Kwambiri kwambiri chinyezi adzakhala 70-80%.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mu nthawi yogwira ntchito yomwe ikukula, yomwe imagwa m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe, zomera zimadyetsedwa zovuta feteleza. Manyowa omwewa ndi monga nayitrogeni, phosphoric acid ndi potaziyamu.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti tiyambe kumveka pamwamba pa mbande ya kukula mbande, kuwonjezera feteleza kumadzi.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, kuchepa kwafupipafupi kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse, ndipo panthawi yamaluwa mmerawo umamera kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri. Koma panthawi ya kukula kwachangu, m'pofunika kuchepetsa msinkhu wawo, motero kudyetsa chomera nthawi zambiri, koma ndi feteleza pang'ono.
Maluwa
Amaluwa ambiri amafuna kuwonjezera maluwa okongola a schisantus. Ngati maluwawo ataphuka nthawi yoyamba, mumadula, kenako patatha milungu itatu iyamba kuphulika kwambiri.
Zima
Shizantus ndi chomera cha biennial chomwe sichitha kuzizira pamsewu. Kuti muzisunga duwa, ndibwino kuti muzisunthira kunyumba. M'chaka, mungathe kubzala mu bedi lamaluwa. 
Mu malo okongoletsera ndi kuphatikiza ndi zomera zina
Pamene kupanga mabedi ndi maluwa awa nthawi zonse amabzalidwa patsogolo, chifukwa maluwa a bushy amaoneka okongola komanso okongola. Pa flowerbeds, mkulu schisantus ali kuzungulira ndi lobelia, obatizidwa ndi alissum.
Mukudziwa? Kawirikawiri mbande zofooka zimapereka mtundu wosadabwitsa kwambiri, ambiri amaluwa samataya zitsanzo.
Malamulo akuluakulu a maluwawa ndi oti ayenera kubzalidwa pafupi ndi zomera zomwe zimakonda chinyezi. Mitundu ya shizantusa yaing'ono imabzalidwa m'miphika ndipo imakongoletsa malo ndi matumba. 
Mavuto akukula
Vuto lalikulu limene limapezeka pakulima duwa ndi kuyanika kwa mphukira. Vutoli limapezeka m'malo owuma ndi kusowa madzi okwanira.
Vuto losiyana ndilo limawoneka ngati kuvunda schizantus chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Choncho, kuti maluwawo asungidwe bwino, muyenera kuganizira mozama chinyezi cham'mlengalenga komanso nthawi yomwe mumamwa madzi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Maluwa awa amadziwika ndi matenda monga:
- Anthracnose - zimakhudza chomeracho ndi kutentha kwakukulu, acidity ya nthaka, komanso kusowa kwa potaziyamu kapena phosphorous m'nthaka. Mutha kuziwona pa mabala a bulauni pamasamba a schizantus.
Tikupempha kuti tidziwe chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri cha nthaka kwa zomera, momwe tingazindikire acidity ya nthaka pamtengowo, komanso momwe tingasokonezere nthaka.
- Pitioz - choncho amatchedwa mizu yovunda, imayamba chifukwa cha kumwa madzi okwanira kwambiri kapena feteleza feteleza m'nthaka.
- Kuwonongeka kochedwa - Matenda a fungal ya masamba a schisantus, omwe amatha kuwonedwa ndi patina ndi malo omwe amapezeka.
Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zomera nthawi zonse ndikuchotseratu masamba omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zimayambira, ndipo muzisamalira malo omwe mumachotsa.
Zina mwazirombozi zimaphatikizapo aphid osatha, whitefly ndi thrips. Tizilombo timenyedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Musaope kukula schisantus mu bedi lanu la maluwa. Chomera chodzichepetsachi sichidzafuna chisamaliro chochuluka kuchokera kwa iwe, koma chidzakongoletsa bwino munda wanu wamaluwa.
