Mbatata yopanda ulemu komanso yopatsa "Mvula yamkuntho": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, chithunzi, khalidwe

Kukula mbatata m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yosafunikira kumafuna njira yapadera yosankhira mbewu.

Imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri yotchulidwa kulima m'madera omwe amasintha nyengo, ndi "Mkuntho".

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukolola kwa Polish kunabwera kwa olima mbatata mu 2008, pamene inalowa mu Register of Zosiyanasiyana Zomera za Ukraine.

Analimbikitsa ntchito kumwera madera a Ukraine, Russia ndi Moldova.

Zolemba zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana za mbatata

"Mkuntho" amatanthauza mtundu wa tebulo.Kutulutsa tubers imabwera masiku 65-75 kuchokera nthawi yomwe ikufika. Kawirikawiri zokolola ndi 40-45 t / ha.

Zokolola za mitundu ina ya mbatata mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

Mlingo wa zipatso zosawerengeka siziposa 3%. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yoyenera kukolola ndi njira zomangirira (makina okolola ndi mbatata). Nkhumba zomwe zimapezeka mu tubers zili ndi 16-20%.

Pofuna kusunga khalidwe ndi kulemera kwa tubers, ndiye kuti mukhoza kufananitsa ziwerengerozi mumtundu wosiyanasiyana wa chimphepo ndi ena mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Kukoma kwa mbatata ndi kotsika kwambiri. Pamene kudula ndi kuphika, mizu siimdima.

Mbatata za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi za gulu B zokhala ndi zophikira. Zokwanira yosungirako nyengo ndi mafakitale processing (kupanga chips, mowa, wowuma).

Werengani zambiri za nthawi ndi kutentha kwa yosungirako, za mavuto omwe angathe. Komanso za momwe mungasunge mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, m'firiji, mabokosi, peeled.

Mbatata kulima mphepo yamkuntho kukana kutentha ndi chilala. Zomera zimachotsa chinyezi kuchokera ku nthaka zakuya ndipo zimachepetsa mpweya wake kuchokera pamwamba pa masamba.

Mbatata kulima mphepo yamkuntho Kulimbana ndi matenda opatsirana (Y, L ndi M) ndi golide wa mbatata nematode. Zowonongeka zakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo, zowola, tuber rhizoctoniosis ndi tsamba choipitsa.

Ponena za tizilombo toononga, ambiri omwe ali "msaki wa mbatata" ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono kotchedwa Colorado mbatata.

Tikukupatsani zida zothandizira kuthana nazo ndi chithandizo chamakono ndi kukonzekera mankhwala.

Maonekedwe a chitsamba ndi mizu mbewu

Chitsamba cha mbatata chazomerazi ndi champhamvu, chamtali, chowongoka. Masambawo ndi owopsa, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira, maluwa ndi oyera kwambiri.

Chomera chirichonse chimapereka zazikulu khumi (kuyambira 60 mpaka 150 g) mbewu zakuzu. Tizilonda timene timakhala timene timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala. Zophimbidwa ndi khungu loyera la khungu.

Mnofu wa tubers ndi wowopsa, wandiweyani, wachikasu kapena wokoma.

Chithunzi

Mu chithunzi mungathe kuona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mkuntho:

Njira zamakono za zamakono zaulimi

Mbatata Mkuntho yoyenera kulima pa nthaka zosiyanasiyana: chernozem, mchenga, loamy ndi peaty.

Kubzala kwa mbatata kumayamba kuchitika pamene pafupifupi tsiku lililonse kutentha kwa mpweya kumafikira 15 ° C. Pa nthawi yomweyo, dothi lakuya 10-12 masentimita liyenera kutentha mpaka 7 ° С. Kubzala izi zingakhale kwa miyezi 1.5-2 (mwezi wa April ndi May).

Mmene mungakulire oyambirira mitundu ya mbatata, werengani apa.

Pogona m'nyengo yozizira, tenga nthawi yokolola (kuchokera ku mbewu yofesedwa mu May). Mtunda wa pakati pa tchire umakhala 35 masentimita, pakati pa mizere - 65 masentimita. Kufesa mozama - masentimita 8-10. Ndibwino kuti musinthe maekala pachaka. Omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi udzu wosatha, nyengo yozizira, nyemba, fulakesi ndi lupins.

Chisamaliro chapadera chifukwa mbatata ndi mapiri okwera nthawi (pa nthawi ya kukula), kuchotsa namsongole ndi kumasula nthaka. Kuphatikizana kumathandiza kupewa kutulukira kwa namsongole, ndipo kuthirira bwino kumapatsa zokolola.

Pachiwiri feteleza ndi mchere feteleza Chofunika kwa zomera zomwe zimakula pa dothi losauka.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.

Pamene mukukula mbatata, mankhwala monga fungicides, herbicides ndi tizilombo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mbewu.

Pali mikangano yambiri phindu ndi zowawa za ntchito yawo. Werengani zambiri za izi muzinthu za webusaiti yathu.

Zosiyanasiyana "Mkuntho" zimakupatsani inu kukula ndi kulandira zokolola zopanda malire mbatata m'madera omwe alimi oopsa. Kulimbana ndi matenda, kukoma kwabwino kwa mizu ya mbewu, kukwanira kwa kukolola kosakanikirana ndi kukonzanso kwa tubers kunalola kuti mtundu uwu wa mbatata ulalikire kumadera akumwera a dzikoli.

Ngakhale kuti zosiyanazi ndi zosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri, zidziwitso za iwo zingakhale zothandiza kwa inu. Werengani zonse zokhudzana ndi: Alternaria, fusarium, kuchepa kochedwa komanso kuchepa kwa mbatata, zowonongeka, khansara ndi nkhanambo.

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera mbatata. Takonzekera zambiri zokhudzana ndi mateknoloji a Dutch, momwe tingasinthire mbatata kukhala bizinesi ndipo m'mayiko omwe mizu imeneyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Mukhozanso kuwerenga za momwe mungamere mbatata pansi pa udzu, mabokosi, mu mbiya, mu matumba, opanda mapiri ndi weeding.

Timalangizanso kuti mudzidziwe bwino ndi mitundu ya mbatata yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: