Ipomoea - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Ipomoea (dzina lodziwika - loach) ndi chomera chotchuka, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe apangidwe. Dzina lina la mbewuyi ndi farbitis. Chikhalidwe chamaluwa chimawonedwa ngati chosasamala posamalira, chili ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yomwe imasiyana mitundu, mawonekedwe a masamba ndi masamba. Kuti mukule chomera chodzaza, muyenera kukumbukira malamulo ena okhudzana ndi chisamaliro.

Ipomoea pachaka ndi chomera chachitali chomwe chimakhala chosavuta kulima panthaka kapena papaki. Gawo la mlengalenga limakula mkati mwa masabata awiri, masekondi othandizira amtundu wina. Liana limamasula bwino, kusungunula masamba akuluakulu.

Ulemerero wam'mawa pa chithandizo

Chiyambi ndi mawonekedwe

Ipomoea ndi nthumwi ya banja la Vyunkov. Zomera zakunyumba ndi nkhalango zam'malo otentha komanso malo okhala. Bindweed ali ndi mitundu iwiri - chitsamba ndi mpesa. Mu nyengo ya Russia (pamsewu) imakula ngati pachaka. Mtundu wamkati wamaluwa ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono ka chimphona chotentha.

Kodi maluwa amawoneka bwanji

Kufotokozera za ulemu wam'mawa:

• a liana amatha kuluma chithandizo chilichonse, chifukwa chokhala ndi tsinde lopyapindika lomwe limatha kutalika 5 m;
• masamba mu mawonekedwe a gramophone mutu wa ma diameter osiyana ndi mitundu, zonse zimatengera zosiyanasiyana;
• Masamba amafanana ndi m'malovu owoneka bwino obiriwira kapena mtundu wa emarodi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofooka amitsempha.

Ulemerero wam'mawa uthandizira kupanga mawonekedwe apangidwe oyambirira. Kusinthaku sikuchitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa tsinde, komanso maonekedwe: Maluwa owoneka bwino ndi masamba ambiri obiriwira amatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu mkati mwa bedi limodzi la maluwa.

Mitundu ya Shrub ndi mitundu ina yamtundu wa liana nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa mumphika. Njira iyi imakupatsani mwayi wopanga zokongoletsera zokhalamo bwalo, khonde, khonde, loggia. Chomera nthawi zambiri chimabzalidwa pafupi ndi arbor, mipanda ndi nyumba zina zazitali.

Kukula mwachangu komanso kachulukidwe ka mphukira kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga mawonekedwe abwino. Chikhalidwe chabwino chimaphatikizidwa ndi:

• anakweranso;
• kapis;
• mphesa zamtchire;
• ivy.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Olima maluwa odziwa zambiri amapanga zingwe zopindika, zotsekera, zomwe pambuyo pake zimakulungidwa ndi tsinde. Likukhalira zinthu zaluso. Mu nyimbo zoterezi, ndikwabwino kuphatikiza maluwa ndi maluwa okhazikika kapena zitsamba zokongoletsera.

Pamene mamawa maluwa atamasuka, dimba limayamba kusewera ndi mitundu yatsopano. Mitundu yotsutsa yotereyi imatheka chifukwa cha kupaka utoto. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa June, ndipo amatha kumapeto kwa Seputembara. Maluwa a Ipomoea amatha kukhala ndi mtundu wina ndikupanga fungo losiyana. Nthawi zambiri masamba sakhala a mtundu wowonekera, koma amtundu wowoloka: kuchokera pakukwaniritsidwa kwambiri kupita pakuwala.

Ipomoea: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Ipomoea panja imatha kudabwitsa ndi maluwa ake okongola komanso kufalikira msanga. Mutha kubzala maluwa pachovala maluwa kuti azikongoletsa poyatsira kapena veranda.

Zambiri za kukula kosatha kwa m'mawa

Mitundu yachikale siyodziwika bwino ku Russia, chifukwa nyengo sinakwaniritse zosowa. Koma m'malo obiriwira, masamba obiriwira komanso ma verandas, osatha amakhala omasuka, chofunikira kwambiri, amapereka chisamaliro chabwino.

Zambiri zodzala ndi kusamalira ulemu wam'mawa wautali:

• kufunika kubzala mphukira mu nthaka yokutetezedwa;
• muyenera kusankha madontho oyala, pansi pomwe maziko ake ndi oyikamo;
• ndikofunika kukhazikitsa miphika ndi farbitis kuchokera kumwera chakumwera pafupi ndi zenera;
• kuthirira nthawi zonse kumafunika.

Mfundo yakukula duwa

Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa mitundu yosatha.

Mitundu yotchuka yaulemerero wam'mawa chifukwa chakukula m'munda

Ipomoea ndi duwa lomwe limakonda kwambiri alimi. Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba, kutalika kwa tsinde, mtundu ndi kukula kwa masamba, mfundo zamagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mundamo kapena maluwa.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Ipomoea Batat

Mitundu ya mbatata yabwino m'maiko ambiri ndi chakudya pomwe mizu yake ndi tsinde zimakudya. Kufotokozera kwam'mawa batat:

• herbaceous chomera chofika 30 cm kutalika;
• kuchuluka kwa thengo kungafikire 2 m mulifupi;
• masamba akulu ofiirira;
• masamba a mtundu wabuluu wamtambo.

Kukula Mbatata Yabwino

Ulemelero wammawa

Ipomoea aimurea imatha kutalika 8 m. Masamba ndi mainchesi 8 cm. Mitundu wamba ya ma gramophones: ultraviolet, ofiira, ofiirira. Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamitundu yofiirira:

• thambo lamtambo;
• Giselle
• Rasipiberi whim;
• Firmament.

Pali mitundu ina, koma ndiyotchuka mu maluwa a maluwa.

Maganizo abwino

Ipomoea Kvamoklit

Ipomoea Kvamoklit ali ndi dzina lachiwiri - cypress liana. Chomera cha pachaka chokhala ndi thunthu lofanana ndi liana mpaka mamita 5. Kvamoklit ndi wochokera ku Mexico. Mitundu yotchuka:

• Ipomoea Kvamoklit wofiira;
• Wowonongera;
• Cirrus pinnate;
• ofiira.

Chosangalatsa pa mbewuzi ndiye mfundo ya maluwa.

Kvamoklit

Ulendo wa Ipomoea

Ulendo wa Ipomoea ndiwosiyana ndi kapangidwe kake ndi mtundu wa masamba. Chomera chidapangidwira kukongoletsa mundawo ndipo chimadziwika ndi kukula kwake. Ziphuphu ndi zofiirira zomwe zimasinthidwa magawo atatu mpaka mthunzi wosalala.

Ipomoea Paradiso nyenyezi

Nyenyezi za Ipomoea aimurea Paradiso zili ndi thunthu lotalika mamitala 3. Momwe nyenyeziyo imawonekera ngati "maluwa" ndiyosiyana ndi maluwa oyenda bwino, masamba ake ndi akulu, ambiri abuluu, omwe amatha kusintha mdimawo. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Scarlett.

Nyenyezi yofiirira

Zinthu zikukula

Ipomoea, kutsika ndi kusamalira zomwe sizovuta, kumafunikabe kudziyang'anira. Poyamba, muyenera kuyala zinthu zobzala pa nthawi yake ndikusamalira zophukira.

Mbewu zaulemerero wam'mawa

Kulima mbewu

Kuti farbitis ikonzekere kuphuka kale kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu panthawi. Pambuyo pa kumera, ndikofunikira kulipira chidwi chapadera pakukula kwa mbande.

Mbeu zaulemerero m'mawa ziyenera kubzala kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Kuti muchite izi, konzani zikho zazing'ono ndi peat. Pansi pazikhala pang'ono. Musanabzale mbeu, mutha kuzilowetsa mu njira yothamangitsira kukula.

Kusamalira Mbewu

Kuti mbande zikule mwachangu, muyenera kulinganiza nyengo yoyenera:

• ikani ziphukira pansi pa nyali kuti itenthe ndi kuwunikira kowonjezera;
• nyowetsani nthaka ndi mankhwala othira pansi panthawi yakuuma panthaka;
• ngati ndi kotheka, muchepetse mbande pochotsa zigawo zingapo.

Ndi chisamaliro choyambirira, mbande zimamera msanga ndikusintha mbande zapamwamba.

Kusamalira Mbewu

Mbande sizimera pachimake mu miphika za peat, koma zimayamba kutsatira nthawi yomweyo. Sabata patatha kumera, muyenera kukhazikitsa zothandizira. Ngati mbande zapindika, ndiye kuti sizingathandize kuti zibzale musanabzale.

Kusamalira Mbewu

Kodi ndi liti kubzala ulemerero m'mawa poyera

Mutha kubzala chomera chodzaza bwino ngati mumabzala zipatso panthaka panthawi. Nthawi yoyenera kusamutsaku ikhoza kukhala kuyamba kwa Juni. Sikoyenera kuchotsera mtanda wa dothi kuchokera ku mizu.

Muyenera kusankha malo omwe acidity ya dothi ikhale yapakati. Ikani mafuta feteleza zovuta. Farbitis iyenera kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka kuti kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa kugwere pamaluwa kuchokera mbali zonse.

Amamera panthaka

Njira yothirira

Poyamba, duwa limamwa madzi ambiri, koma popita nthawi, kufunika kothirira kumachepa. Chachikulu ndichakuti musamachulutse ndi kuthirira, apo ayi mizu yake imavunda. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika pamene nthaka pansi pa chitsamba yowuma.

Momwe mungadyetsere ulemerero wam'mawa kwa maluwa ambiri

Chifukwa chake maluwa ndi ochulukirapo komanso nthawi yake, feteleza amafunika kuyika nthawi yake. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha humus wamba ndi yolimba. Ndikofunikira kupanga theka la ndowa ya feteleza mu mawonekedwe owuma pansi pa chitsamba. Ngati mudyetsa mbewu mochulukirapo, ndiye kuti mizu yokha ndiyo imakula kwambiri.

Zosamalidwa nthawi yamaluwa

Nthawi yamaluwa, farbitis iyenera kusamalidwa bwino:

• onetsetsani kuti nthaka yopanda chitsamba siyimauma;
• kumasula dothi nthawi zonse kuti pasakhale chinyontho;
• kudyetsa 1 nthawi m'masabata atatu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mukuyenera kuchotsa mphukira zowonongeka, zowuma kale.

Zinthu zosamalira pakupuma

Pa matalala, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Sikuti ntchito feteleza kuti muchepetse kukula. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa gawo la maluwa. Ndikofunika kuti munyengo yozizira mulibe tsinde ndi nthambi.

Kutolera ndi kusungira mbewu

Maluwa ochulukirapo ndi chitsimikizo cha mbewu yabwino. Ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa zinthu zodzala kumayambiriro kwa September. Kupanda kutero, mabokosi adzatsegulira okha, ndipo kudzidzidzanso kudzachitika.

Seeding

Zinthuzo ziyenera kuikidwa mumitsuko yagalasi, yomwe iyenera kuyikidwa m'malo osalala, pang'ono ozizira mpaka chaka chamawa.

Kufalikira kwa ulemerero wam'mawa ndi odulidwa

Kubalanso kutha kuchitidwa osati kokha mwa kufesa, komanso ndikudula. Momwe mungakonzekere ndi kuzika mizu:

1. Dulani nthambi pachitsamba.
2. Dulani masentimita 20 kuchokera pamalo opangira ntchito kuti mfundo ziwiri zikhazikike mtsogolo.
3. Chodulidwa chimapangidwa pamakona a 45 °.
4. Ikani phesi m'madzi. Patatha masiku asanu, mizu yake idzaonekere.
5. Khazikitsani zida zogwirira ntchito panjinga.

Pakatha sabata, phesi lidzazika mizu ndikuyenerera kubzala pabedi lamaluwa. Izi ndi njira yachiwiri yoberekera maluwa.

Kufalitsa kwa Cherenkov njira

Kukonzekera yozizira

Mtundu wacikhalidwe sungaume konse kuzizira. Chifukwa chake, ku Russia mitundu yokhayo yapachaka imabzalidwa. Koma pofika nthawi yozizira, zofananira zotere zimayenera kukonzekera: kudula pansi ndi gawo lina la zimayambira momwe mungathere.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso matenda

Sikuti kusamalidwa bwino kokha komwe kumayambitsa matenda kapena tizirombo. Kukula kwakunja palokha ndikovuta. Kodi ndimatenda ndi tizilombo toononga titha kuvulaza farbitis:

• Nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi zambiri zimayamba pamasamba. Kupezeka kwa kachilombo kotereku kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawanga achikasu kapena mame omata. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tithandizirani kuchotsa tizilombo.
• Kangaudeyu amadzisiya ngati madontho amdima komanso ukonde wowonda m'mphepete mwake. Mutha kuchotsa nkhupakupa posamba mlengalenga nthawi zonse mukapanikizika ndi madzi.

Tizilombo ta maluwa

• Matenda a fungus ndiofala - imvi zowola, dzimbiri, phokoso la ufa. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa madera omwe ali ndi kachiromboka ndikuwathandiza ena onse ndi mafangayi.
• Ngati imodzi mwa matenda 20 oyambitsidwa ndi matendawa imadziwoneka yokha, ndiye njira yokhayo yopulumutsira ndiyo kuchotsera malingaliro a odwala.
• Matenda achilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, edema yoyera. Zoyerekeza zapakhomo kapena wowonjezera kutentha zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Masentimita amapezeka pamasamba, pomwe pamakhala mdima ndikupangitsa masamba kuti agwe. Palibe mankhwala, kuwononga chitsamba kokha ndi komwe kungathandize.

Ipomoea ndi mawonekedwe okongola a maluwa omwe amawoneka mothandizidwa ndi chilichonse. Chifukwa cha malowa, mbewuyi imabzalidwa m'mundamo kuti ipange mawonekedwe okongola a malo. Ndikosavuta kusamalira "zokongoletsa" zoluka, popeza mmera ndi wopanda ulemu kwambiri. Kufunika kwa duwa kumaperekedwa ndi mitundu yayikulu ndi mitundu.