Mawu oti "chabwino" amadzetsa mayanjano ambiri. Ichi ndi "kireti" wakale wosweka pakati pamudzi, ndi sip yamoto woyaka wowoneka bwino kuchokera pachidebe tsiku lotentha, ndi nyumba yaying'ono yokongola pakati pakanyumba kotentha. Nthawi zingapo, chitsime chakumidzi chokha chinali malo ochitira misonkhano: apa simukadangokhala pamadzi okha, komanso kudziwa zonse zam'mudzimo. Nthawi zikusintha, pali zitsime zinanso - pafupifupi bwalo lililonse limakhala ndi kasupe wake wamadzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pantchito yopezera madzi nyumba, kuthirira minda ndi minda, nthawi zina kutseka kapena kusuntha - ndichifukwa chake kukonza zitsime kwakanthawi kumafunika. Izi ndi zomwe tikambirana lero.
Kukonza bwino komanso kupewa matenda
Nthawi zambiri, pachitsime, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa makhoma ndi pansi kuti madzi athe kuwonekera komanso kukhala otetezeka. Maonekedwe a zachilengedwe pamakoma a konkriti kapena matabwa ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe imachitika m'malo osayenda. Zinyalala zomwe zimagwera potseguka zimayamba kuwola, ndikupanga foci ya mabakiteriya. Nawonso amakhala pamakoma m'mbali mwa chimbudzi. Tinthu tambiri timagwera pansi ndikudziunjikira pamenepo, ndikupanga matope komanso kuchepetsa malo ogwirira ntchito.
Nthawi zina kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kameneka kumakhala chifukwa choyipitsa - kupindika kwa seams, kusamutsidwa mphete, kuwola nkhuni. Kuti athetse zovuta zakusokonekera kwakukulu, zitsime zimatsukidwa ndikuzikonza nthawi yomweyo.
Njira zotsuka bwino:
- kupopera madzi ndi pampu;
- kuchotsedwa kwa sludge kuchokera pansi;
- kukhazikitsa zosefera;
- kukonza makoma okhala ndi mankhwala apadera.
Ngati zotsalira za nyama zakufa zipezeka pansi, chitsimikizo chimayenera kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi "chithandizo" ndi chlorine. Madzi amapopera, madzi okwanira amatsanulidwa, wokutidwa ndi nsalu (mwachitsanzo, tarpaulin), ndikusiyidwa tsiku limodzi. Kenako madzi a chlorine amapukutidwa, chitsime chimatsukidwa kwathunthu. Kuti muchotse zodetsa zakenso, muyenera kusintha madziwo kangapo mpaka fungo lenileni litazimiririka, koma chifukwa chake limakhala lotetezeka kotheratu.
Musanatsuke chitsime, ndikofunikira kukonzekera zida zochepetsera: makwerero, ndodo zothandizira, zingwe zachitetezo kapena malamba, nsanja zamatabwa paz zingwe
Chimodzi mwazolemba zachikhalidwe zakutsuka bwino makhoma ndi njira yodziwika bwino ya potaziyamu permanganate. Iyenera kukhala yokhutitsidwa, yakuda bii.
Kuti muyeretse bwino dzikolo, mutha kugula mawonekedwe okonzedwa mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ta chlorine opezeka m'madziwe a Chemoclor
Ntchito yokonza
Pakukonzedwa bwino bwino kumatanthauza njira zingapo zokhudzana ndi kusindikiza mafupa, kusintha magawo, ndikuzilimbitsa. Komanso, iyi ndi ntchito iliyonse yozama pansi. Zolakwika zina mwapangidwe ndizosavuta kuzizindikira poyeretsa. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane milandu yomwe ikukhudzidwa mwachangu.
Ngati chitsime chakale chitasungidwa mdziko muno, musathamangire kumanga kakhazikidwe m'malo mwake - mwina kukonza pang'ono kumakhala kokwanira, ndipo kuyambiranso kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse
Kuphatikizika
Kusunthidwa pang'ono kwa mphete za konkriti kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kusungunuka kwa chipale chofewa, makamaka ngati konkriti yamtundu wotsika imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga. Ming'alu yofunika imawoneka pakati pa mphete, pomwe dothi limalowa mkati mwake. M'tsogolomu, kuwonjezera pa kuipitsidwa kosatha, kugwa kwathunthu kumatha kuchitika - kenako kukonzanso kwakukulu kukufunika.
Kuti muchotse zowonongeka zazing'ono, ma crevice ndi maenje, gwiritsani ntchito madzi osungira madzi. Mtundu woyambirira kwambiri wa putty ndi matope a simenti, omwe ming'alu yonse imapaka mafuta mosamala. Izi zisanachitike, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa malo ndikuchotsa zida zowonongeka.
Chimodzi mwazosankha zomata ndi ming'alu: kudzaza ndi yankho la Peneplag, kukonza ndi Penetron ndi burashi, kumaliza kutsiriza ndi Penekrit
Tcherani khutu! Pali mitundu yambiri yamakono yopanga zitsime ndi manja awo. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi Fasi RM konkriti pamwamba kubwezeretsa matope. Amayikiramo, ngati matope a simenti abwino, okhala ndi spatula kapena spatula. Chifukwa chake makilogalamu 15 osakaniza ndi okwanira kukhathamiritsa kopitilira muyeso wa konkriti, ngati atayika ndi wosanjikiza pafupifupi 20 mm.
Ming'alu yayikulu imafunikira kulowererapo kwakunja. Zikatero, amakumba ngalande mozungulira mphetezo kuti zisafike pakuwonongeka, kukonza msoko, kuulola kuti uwume ndi kuyikwiranso.
Kulimbikitsanso mphete za konkriti
Zimachitika kuti mphete zimasunthira kumbali - momwe angakonzere chitsime cha konkire kuti awonjezere mphamvu ndikupeza kukhazikika komwe akufuna?
Izi zimafunikira kulowererapo kwakukulu. Poyamba, muyenera kukumba zitsime kumbali zonse ndikusokoneza malo owonongeka. Kenako ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chinthu chothawikacho ndikuchilimbitsa kulumikizana konse ndi mabatani achitsulo, ndiye kutseka msoko ndikusindikiza ndi Hydrofin kapena Penetron. Ngati palibe chidindo cha akatswiri pantchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito simenti yosakanikirana ndi simenti ndi PVA. Seams iyenera kukonzedwa mbali zonse ziwiri.
Sikuti mphete zonse za konkriti zimakhala ndi mabowo apadera pazibangili. Ngati akusowa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabowo obowoleza ndi kubowola kutali mtunda wa 10-15 cm kuchokera pamphete
Clay castle ithandiza kupereka nyumbayi kuti ikhale yolimba. Zimachitika motere:
- Ngalande yotalika 1.5-2 m ndikuzama 1.5-1 m kukumba mozungulira chitsime.
- Malo onse opanda kanthu adzazidwa ndi dongo, lokakamira.
- Zosanjikiza zapamwamba zimakongoletsedwa (turf, board, sand).
Kuti zoumbidwa ndi dongo zitha kuonedwa ngati “nyumba yachifumu”, ziyenera kuyikidwa mu zigawo za 10-15 masentimita ndikuyika njerwa ndi wosanjikiza chilichonse
Dongo lamphamvu limagwira ngati cholepheretsa madzi am'mlengalenga, komanso limapangira makina omangira.
Madzi akukwera
Njira yokhayo yobwezeretsanso madzi oyambirirawo kapenanso kuwonjezera pamenepo ndi kuzama kwambiri. Kutengera zaka zake momwe zidapangidwira, zinthu zotsatirazi zimatengedwa:
- Chitsimechi ndi chaching'ono - sichinapangidweko kuposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo. Poterepa, ndikokwanira kuchotsa dothi pansi pa mphete yotsika kuti chimango chonse chimakhala pang'onopang'ono (monga zidachitika nthawi ya zomangamanga). Mbaliyo ikatsika mpaka kumapeto, mphete zina zimayikidwa pamwamba.
- Chitsime ndi chakale. "Imamangidwa" m'munsi, mozama, koma mothandizidwa ndi mphete zazing'onoting'ono (kapena chitoliro cha pulasitiki). Pansi pa chitsime, amakumba dzenje pakuya kwa chinsomba chatsopano ndipo mphete zotuta zimayikamo. Mgwirizano wa zinthu zakale ndi zatsopano umasindikizidwa mosamala.
Musanayambe ntchito yakuza shaft, ndikofunikira kukonza kawonedwe kake: sikukadakhala ndi mphete zowonongeka ndi malo ofooka
Kusintha kwa matabwa
Popita nthawi, mitengo imodzi kapena zingapo zamatabwa zimayamba kuwonongeka. Kuti mubwezeretse mabatani owonongeka, gawo lakumwambalo, lomwe silingathe kukonza, limakwezedwa ndi mbuzi, ndipo pamapeto pa ntchito, limatsitsidwa malo.
Nthawi zina mitengo yowonongeka imakhala pansi pa madzi. Potere, kuti mumasule akorona ndikuyika zatsopano, madzi ayenera kutulutsidwa
Nthawi zambiri, mkhalidwe wa chitsime ukhoza kuweruzidwa ndi madzi: madzi oyera, oyera komanso opanda fungo amawonetsa kuti dongosololi lili bwino bwino
Zipika zowola zimasinthidwa ndi zatsopano, ndipo nthawi zina zolimbitsa zolimbikitsidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa nkhuni: zimakhazikitsa ma mesh olimbitsa, ikani mawonekedwe ndikumuthira ndi simenti simenti. Ntchito ikuchitika kuchokera pamalo omwe adakonzedweratu, ndikutsitsidwa mchitsime ndi zingwe zolimba. Ngati chitsime sichinakonzedwe munthawi yake, madziwo amakhala opanda mitambo ndipo fungo losasangalatsa, lonunkhira lidzaonekera, kenako matayalawo amadzasweka.
Kukhazikitsa zosefera pansi
Popewa kugwetsa madzi, mwala wopondeka umayikidwa pansi pa chitsime - iyi ndiye yosefera pansi. Silicon kapena mchere wina uli ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu, choncho samasungunuka m'madzi ndipo sapangira kuyimitsidwa. Fyuluta ndi yofunika kwambiri ngati madzi ochokera pachitsime atapopera. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena mchenga timatha kuwononga zida, komanso timatseka madzi kulowa m'nyumba.
Miyala, miyala ya miyala kapena miyala yosemedwa ya chipangizo chotsika pansi imatha kupezeka pa nyumbayo yotentha: imakhalapo pambuyo pomanga maziko, njira ndi madziwe
Makulidwe a mchere wosanjikiza ayenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm.Pamene pansi pali chosunthika kapena chowoneka bwino, ndiye kuti amachulukitsa mpaka 50 cm - pamenepa, ngakhale ndi quicksand, madziwo sangakhale owonekera.
Kotero kuti kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kake sikusadabwitsa, pafupifupi kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuwunika madzi nthawi zonse.
