Jasmine ndi mbewu yamaluwa ya banja la Maslinnov. Chikhalidwe ichi chimapezeka m'malo otentha a Africa, Australia ndi Asia.
Kufotokozera
Mitundu ya mbewu iyi imatha kukhala yobiriwira, zitsamba zowoneka bwino kapena mipesa. Masamba - osavuta, atatu kapena pinnate. Maluwa okhala ndi nyenyezi, omwe amakhala ndi oyera, achikaso, ndi ma corolla apinki, amakhala okha kapena osonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence. Zimapezeka kumtunda kapena mbali ya chomera. Jasmine nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi chubushnik chifukwa cha fungo labwino la maluwa. Koma dimba loseka-dzuwa ndi chitsamba cha banja la Gortenziev.
Mitundu ya Jasmine Panyumba
Mu mtundu wa jasmine, pali mitundu yoposa 300. M'malo mchipinda, mutha kumangokula ochepa.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Nthawi ya maluwa |
| Zosiyanasiyana | Tchire laling'ono pang'ono pafupifupi mamita 2. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe obiriwira owoneka bwino, okhala m'mphepete. Pamwamba pa tsinde lililonse pali inflorescence yokhala ndi maluwa ambiri. Masamba ndi ofiira, oyera pomwe amatsegulidwa. Fungo lamphamvu. | February - Ogasiti |
| Zachikulu zazikulu | Mtengo wa masamba obiriwira wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira wokhala ndi mphukira zopanda kanthu. Amakula mpaka mamita 10. Amasamba mosakhalitsa. Ambulera inflorescence ili pamwamba pa tsinde, imaphatikizapo maluwa 10 kapena kuposa oyera a fungo labwino (amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga tiyi). | Juni - Okutobala |
| Bis | Shrub wa evergreen (amakula mpaka 2 m). Masamba obiriwira amdima amtali amafika masentimita 5. Amakhala moyang'anizana. Pamwambapo pa mpikisanowu pali maluwa obiriwira omwe amakhala ndi maluwa opinki, kuyambira kuwala mpaka pamithunzi yakuda, yayikulu kwambiri. Ili ndi fungo labwino. | Meyi |
| Sambac (Mmwenye, wachiarabu kapena Chiarabu) | Osalemekeza. Liana lalitali limatha kufika mamita 6. Lokhala ndi mphukira zopyapyala ndi masamba akulu a ovoid mawonekedwe ndi maluwa oyera ofanana ndi camellia kapena maluwa apawiri. | Marichi - Okutobala |
| Blueflower | Chotupa chofowoka chodalirika komanso chokhala ndi nthambi zazitali komanso masamba obiriwira ochepa, owoneka ngati katatu. Maluwa ndi akulu, amakongoletsa chikasu. Amapezeka mozungulira kutalika konse kwa mphukira. | Januware - Epulo |
| Primrose | Mpesa womwe ukukula mwachangu, mphukira zoonda zomwe zimafuna kuchirikizidwa. Maluwa owoneka pawiri pamithunzi yachikasu. Palibe fungo. | Meyi - Juni |
| Malagascar | Mnyumba yamkati yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amdima (10cm). Maluwa - nyenyezi zoyera, zophatikizidwa mu inflorescence. Komanso ndimatha kukhala ndi mithunzi ya kirimu, wachikasu ndi wofiirira. Imakhala ndi fungo labwino. Mchere womwe umasungidwa ndi mpesa uwu ndiwowopsa ndipo ungayambitse mkwiyo pakhungu. | Juni - Ogasiti. Koma ndi chisamaliro chabwino, kuwunikira kowonjezera ndi kutentha koyenera, kumatha kutulutsa nyengo yachisanu. |
Kusamalira m'nyumba jasmine chisamaliro
Chomera chotentha ndichoperewera. Chitsamba ichi, chomwe sichimalola kusintha kwa kutentha ndi kuzizira, chimatha kukula kokha kunyumba, sichitha kupulumuka panja pamtunda wathu. Kusamalira jasmine kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kwambiri.
Kutentha
Kwa jasmine wamkati mkati mwa maluwa (masika ndi chilimwe), kutentha kwapakati kumakhala bwino - kuchokera + 21 ... +26 °C. Kuthwa kozizira kumatha kuvulaza, koma pa +15°C jasmine sangoletsa chitukuko, komanso akhoza kufa.
M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu ikapuma, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyiyika m'chipinda chozizira kwambiri kutentha kwa +11°C mpaka +13°C, apo ayi maluwa sangachitike. Kuti akakamize izi, alimi odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti am'patse kutentha, kuwayika pamalo ozizira kwakanthawi. Chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kotero, chitsamba chimaphuka posachedwa. Kuchita mosiyana ndi chisanu chifukwa cha mitundu ya jasmine. Sambac imadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wokonda kutentha.
Pa nthawi yopuma kuchokera kumaluwa, chomera chimakwanira +18°C. Maganizo a mpesa pomakongoletsa zoipa kwambiri. Ventilate chipinda ndi maluwa ziyenera kuchitika mosamala.
Zofunikira zowunikira
Jasmine salekerera mthunzi ndi mawonekedwe owunikira. Amakonda kuwala kokwanira kwakanthawi kochepa, koma samaloleza kuwalako mwachindunji. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amalangizidwa kuyika duwa pazenera la kumadzulo kuchokera kumadzulo.
Mbali yakumpoto, chomera sichimaphuka chifukwa cha kuwonekera bwino kwa dzuwa, ndipo pazenera lakum'mwera liyenera kusunthidwa kutali ndi zenera kapena kubisidwa ndi kuwala.
Kulowetsa
Pafupipafupi kuthirira kuyenera kukhala moyenera kutentha. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imayenera kuthiriridwa madzi masiku onse atatu. Zachidziwikire kuti nthawi yakwana, ndikotheka kuwuma dothi theka sentimita kuchokera pamwamba. Iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono - popanda kuyanika kunja kapena chinyezi chowonjezera.
Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, nyengo pakati pa kuthirira ziyenera kukulitsidwa mpaka masiku 6, ndikofunikira kuthirira pokhapokha pakati pakati pazimera. Sungani dothi labwino lithandiza madzi osasunthika, ophatikizidwa ndi apulosi a cider viniga mu chiyerekezo cha 1 tsp. pa lita imodzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira kulikonse.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Chovuta chachikulu pakukula kwa jasmine ndikusunga chinyezi choyenera. Maluwa a Moody samalola mpweya wouma kwambiri: mumkhalidwe woterewu amatha kutenga matenda ndikuwukira tizirombo, chifukwa amasiya kuphuka ndipo amatha kufa kwakanthawi.
Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, chitsamba nthawi zambiri chimathiridwa madzi tsiku lililonse tsiku lililonse, pamasiku otentha - kawiri patsiku. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi mpweya wotentha chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri, utsi uliwonse masiku atatu aliwonse. Njira zothandizira ndi:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wofinya;
- kukhazikitsidwa kwa choyikapo ndi moss chonyowa kapena timiyala pansi pa maluwa;
- kuvula nsalu yonyowa pokonza batri;
- malo okhala pafupi ndi mphika omwe ali ndi duwa la mbale lodzazidwa ndi madzi.
Feteleza
Jasmine amafunika kukhala ndi dothi labwino kwambiri. Iyenera kumasulidwa, kutsitsidwa, kuphatikizidwa pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, osakaniza apadera a maluwa a maluwa kapena begonias amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala. M'mitundu inanso kuwonjezera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a azaleas. Zosakaniza zonse zakonzeka kale zili ndi feteleza ofunikira ndi kufufuza zinthu.
Kuti apange malo abwino okukula komanso maluwa ochulukirapo kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti (ndi sambac - mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa), jasmine amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza amadzimadzi amadzi onse opangira maluwa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana michere ndi michere yazakudya. Ndipo masamba omwe amatenga micronutrients mwangwiro, kupopera mbewu zamadzimadzi ndikothandiza.
Thirani
Pambuyo pogula ndi kuzolowera nyengo yanyumba, duwa limasinthidwira mumphika wokulirapo. Mu zaka zoyambirira, kupatsirana kumachitika chaka chilichonse, ndipo pambuyo pake - patatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Poto yatsopano imatengedwa masentimita pang'ono.
Poika mbewu, kusamalira bwino mizu, yomwe siyenera kudwala, ndiyofunika kwambiri. Poterepa, mizu imawongoledwa mosamala. Chofunikira ndichotsekera chabwino mumphika, apo ayi chinyezi chimapangitsa kuti mizu iwonongeke.
Kudulira
Kapangidwe ka korona kumathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa mbewu. Nthawi yoyenera kudulira ndi kutha kwa mathedwe (nyengo ya February - Marichi). Kudulira kumathandizira kukulitsa kukula ndikukula nthawi yamaluwa.
Ndikofunika kusamalira kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa mphukira zouma ndi zowonongeka, masamba ndi maluwa osungidwa. Kuwombera kuyenera kufupikitsidwa ndi wachitatu, kwa odwala - ndi theka, pamapeto pake nthambi zatsopano ziziwoneka.
Kuswana
Jasmine wamkati amafalikira m'njira ziwiri: zodulidwa ndikudula, mbewu sizigwira ntchito.
- Njira yoyamba imawonedwa ngati yowawa komanso yovuta. Imachitika kumapeto kwa kukonzekera. Mphukira zakutali zimayikidwa m'madzi, pomwe zimayamba kumera kwa mwezi umodzi, kenako ndikuzibzala pansi. Kuti mukakamize kuzika mizu mwaudulidwe, zigawo za oblique zimasungidwa mu chokulitsa chowonjezera.
- Njira yofalitsira pakugawa ndi yosavuta, imayikidwa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe makamaka kukwera mitundu. Pakutero, nthambi imayikidwa mu chidebe chowonjezera ndi dothi ndipo chinyezi chofunikira chimasungidwa mmenemo. Pambuyo pakupanga mizu (nthawi zambiri m'dzinja), mphukira yachichepere imasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi njirayo yayikulu ndikubzala mu maluwa ake omwe.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta duwa
Jasmine wamkati amatha kuwukiridwa:
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- Mafunso
- tsamba weevil.
Tizilombo timene timadya timadzi tokoma. Zotsatira zake, chitsamba chimadwala, chimasiya maluwa, chimatsika masamba ndipo chimatha kufa ngati chifukwa chofota sichipezeka munthawi yake komanso osachotsedwa. Popewa kufa, duwa limayesedwa mwadongosolo.
Nsabwe za m'masamba ndizosavuta kuzizindikira: zimapezeka pamtambo wapamwamba. Nkhupakupa amazindikiritsa pa intaneti pambali pa tsamba. Tizilomboti timakhala m'nthaka, ndipo mphutsi zimadya madzi a chomera. Kuwongolera tizilombo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo mogwirizana ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa.
A Dachnik akuchenjeza: Vuto la kukula kwa jasmine
Kulephera kutsatira malamulo olimidwa kwa jasmine kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta mu kukula ndi maluwa. Mutatha kusintha momwe maluwa aliri, mutha kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa maluwa ndikuzithetsa.
- Masamba achikasu, opindika amawonetsa mpweya wouma mchipindamo komanso chinyezi chosakwanira.
- Kugwa kwa masamba pachomera kumatha kuyamba chifukwa cha kususuka. Thanzi labwinobwino limatengera momwe mizu imakhalira, yomwe singathe kuyimilira madzi owonjezera ndikuyamba kuwola.
- Kuwala kosakwanira kumakhudzanso chomera. Imayamba kutambalala, kulemala, kutaya masamba.
Kuperewera kwamaluwa kukuwonetsa zoperewera pazopezekazo:
- osagwirizana ndi chinyezi chofunikira;
- kusiyana kwa kutentha;
- kusowa kwa michere;
- kusowa kwa magetsi;
- kuthana ndi tizilombo.
Jasmine wamkati atchuka kwambiri osati chifukwa chokongoletsera, komanso fungo lake labwino. Maluwa ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe, aromatherapy, zonunkhira. Amapanga tiyi wonunkhira. Popeza mwaphunzira molondola mawunikidwe ake ndikuwonera, mutha kukwaniritsa maluwa otuwa kunyumba.
