Adiantum - kubzala, kusamalira ndi kubereka kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Adiantum (Adiantum) ndimtundu wamba wa fern, womwe ndi wabwino kukula pakhomo.. Dziko la Adiantum ndi Middle ndi South America (nkhalango) ndi Brazil.

Chomera chokongola komanso cholimba cha adiantum chimatha kukula mpaka kukula. Zomera zimasiyana mitundu: mpaka 60 cm mulifupi ndi mpaka 1 mita. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndikuthirira kwakanthawi, moyo wa adiantum umakhala wautali kwambiri (zaka makumi angapo). Chitsamba chaching'ono cha mbewu yotere chimatha kufika kukula kwakukulu m'zaka zochepa, izi zikuwonetsa kuti kukula kwa adiantum ndikokwera.

Adiantum siliphuka, ngati mtundu wina uliwonse wa fern. Kubalana, kumachitika chifukwa cha magawikidwe kapena kubereka ndi spores.

Zothandiza pa adiantum

Akatswiri akuti adiantum ili ndi zotsatira zabwino pa chilengedwe cha chipinda chomwe amakhala. Chomerachi chimawonjezera chinyezi ndipo chimalepheretsa kupangika kwa ma koloni monga Aspergillus niger ndi Cladosporium hordei.

Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe zomwe chomera chimabisa bwino zimakhudza mpweya wabwino mchipindacho. Chifukwa cha mpweya oyera womwe umapangitsa kuti pakhale chidwi chambiri, anthu akumva kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito, kusintha kapena kugona mokwanira, komanso mtendere wamkati.

Adiantum: Zizindikiro ndi Zikhulupiriro Zachikulu

Akatswiri ambiri amati phindu la adiantum pa mphamvu zachikazi, limathandizira mphamvu ya yin. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chomera ichi ndi chabwino chogona amayi. Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu wa adiantum - venus ya tsitsi, sungathe kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mbewu zamtengo. Pankhaniyi, adiantum itha kutaya mphamvu yake yodabwitsa.

Samalira adiantum kunyumba. Mwachidule

Kukula adiantum kunyumba sikovuta ngakhale kwa wosadziwa luso. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo angapo osamalira ndikutsatira malingaliro a akatswiri.

Kodi muyenera kulabadira chiyani?

Samalira adiantum kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Adiantum imakhala yopanda kunyada komanso yopanda pake ndipo sizitengera chidwi chokha. Adiantum kunyumba imatha kumera komanso kuthamanga monga nkhalango ndi malo otentha.

Maluwa adiantum

Adiantum, monga fern ena, samachita maluwa, chifukwa kufalikira kuthengo kumachitika chifukwa cha spores.

Koma kusowa kwa maluwa sikukhudza kukongola kwa mtengowu.

Chifukwa cha masamba ake osalala komanso osakhwima, adiantum safunanso kukongoletsa konse.

Njira yotentha

Adiantum yakunyumba imafunikira kuwonetsetsa kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho. Ndibwino kuti kutentha m'chipindacho nthawi ya chilimwe kumakhala pafupifupi 16-16 degrees Celsius, ndipo nthawi yozizira imatsika pansi madigiri 10 Celsius. Zowopsa pachomera ndichokhalamo m'chipinda chozizira komanso chinyezi. Izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu.

Zidziwike padera kuti chomera sichitha kuyikidwa pafupi ndi batri ndi zida zina zotenthetsera.

Kuwaza

Monga taonera kale, fern amafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Ndikofunika kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse. Ngati tikulankhula za mawonekedwe monga tsitsi lanyama, ndiye kuti imatha kutembenuka mosavuta. Koma, mulimonsemo, iyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kuli pamwamba pa madigiri 20.

Kuwala

Adiantum safuna kuunikira kowala konse. Chomera ndichimodzi mwazocheperako chomwe chimatha kumera osati pawindo, koma kumbuyo kwachipindacho. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti adiantum siyenera kuyikidwa pawindo.

Njira yabwino yomera ikanakhazikitsidwa poto pawindo lakumpoto. Komabe, ngakhale pazenera lakumpoto, dzuwa lam'mawa limatha kukhala lamphamvu kwa adiantum. Chifukwa chake, m'mawa ndikofunikira kuti mutetezeke, muteteze adiantum ku rays. Kupanda kutero, masamba a mbewu amatembenuka chikasu ndi youma.

Kuthirira

Dothi la adiantum liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma osasefukira mbewuyo mochuluka.

Adiantum salekerera chilala ndipo imafota msanga kwambiri.

Kuthirira ndikofunikira nthawi zambiri: chilimwe - tsiku lililonse lililonse (pafupifupi katatu pa sabata), nthawi yozizira - kamodzi pa sabata.

Mphika wa Adiantum

Duwa la Adiantum kunyumba ndilabwino kwambiri kwachilengedwe. Zomera zazikulu m'magulu sizimalekerera miphika yaulere, yayikulu. Njira yabwino pazomerazi ndi mphika wopanikizika.

Adiantum Primer

Njira yabwino komanso yosavuta ndiyo kugula nthaka yopangidwa ndi ferns mu sitolo. Dothi liyenera kukhala labwino mlengalenga ndi mlengalenga. Mutha kupita kunyumba, kusakaniza peat, mchenga, kamba ndi nthaka yamasamba.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Adiantum imafunikanso feteleza wowonjezera, makamaka pakukula kwake. Manyowa mbewuyo ikhale pafupifupi nthawi imodzi m'masabata awiri. Kuti tikwaniritse kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kusinthira feteleza wachilengedwe ndi michere.

Kupatsira Adiantum

Adiantum sikufuna kupatsidwa kosatha. Zomera zazikulu zimafunikira kulowetsedwa pokhapokha poto utakhala wochepa kwambiri. Zomera zazing'ono zimafuna kupatsirana kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri zilizonse.

Poika mbewu, chisamaliro chimayenera kuthandizidwa kuti zisavulaze mizu ya mbewu.

Momwe mungalime adiantum

Chepetsa masamba a adiantum, ngati ali obiriwira komanso achichepere sikuyenera. Koma ngati masamba ali achikasu, owuma kapena akhudzidwa ndi tiziromboti, ndikofunikira kudula tsamba lomwe lakhudzalo ndikukhazikitsa watsopano m'malo mwake.

Nthawi yopumula

Adiantum, monga mbewu zina zapakhomo, imakhala ndi nthawi yopuma. Nthawi imeneyi imagwera nyengo yozizira, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Fern amachepetsa kukula, safuna kuthirira ndi feteleza wambiri.

Kodi ndizotheka kuchoka pa adiantum osasiya patchuthi?

M'chilimwe, adiantum imatha kusiyidwa popanda kuthirira kwa sabata limodzi, mutachotsa kaye pansi. M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kusiya chomera milungu ingapo. Asananyamuke motalika, ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewuyo mokwanira ndikuyika dothi lonyowa poto. Koma koposa zonse, pemphani wina kuti ayang'anire mbewuyo.

Kubalana kwa Adiantum

Kukula Adiantum kuchokera ku spores

Kufalikira kwa adiantum ndi spores kunyumba ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Spores zopangidwa pansi pa timapepala tamasamba akuluakulu zimayenera kusungidwa mosamala mu pepala ndikuloleza kuti ziume. Kenako, spores amayikidwa moyanjana pa fluorine ndipo imakutidwa ndi galasi. Spores iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Patatha mwezi umodzi, moss imayamba kupangika, pomwe mphukira zazing'ono zimadzatulukira. Zikumera ziyenera kupatulidwa podzala mumiphika yosiyanasiyana. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mu magawo oyamba a kukula kwa adiantum kuti musachotse kapu yagalasi kuchokera kumera.

Kufalitsa kwa Adiantum pogawa chitsamba

Njira inanso, yosavuta yobweretsera adiantum ndikugawa chitsamba. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kugawa mosamala chitsamba chomwe chilipo ndi mizu yake. Ndikofunikira kuchita njirayi mosamala kwambiri kuti musavulaze mizu ndikuwononga duwa. Mukabzala, khosi mizu sayenera kuzama kwambiri, mwinanso mizu iyamba kuwola.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Adiantum imatha kukumana ndi zovuta monga:

• Malangizo a masamba a adiantum awuma. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti mbewu siyabwino ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kapena chinyezi cha chipinda. Masamba amatha kuwuma chifukwa chosamwetsa madzi okwanira.
• Masamba a Adiantum amakhala otuwa komanso osalala. Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe zingayambitse kusokonekera kwa masamba: kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena chinyezi chambiri, kusayenda kwamadzi.
• Kuwotcha pa masamba a Adiantum. Ma Burn amawonekanso chifukwa cha kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa komwe chomera sichimakonda. Komanso kuyandikira kwa batri kungakhale chifukwa.
• Masamba otuwa komanso kukula pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikirozi zitha kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa michere m'nthaka ya mmera.
• Masamba a adiantum awuma. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chotentha kwambiri, chinyezi chochepa kapena kuthirira kosakwanira.
• Mizu ya adiantum zowola. Vutoli limawoneka ndikathirira mbewuyo zochuluka.
• Amabala pazamba za adiantum. Kuwaza spoti pazomera za anthu akuluakulu ndi chizolowezi ndikuwonetsa mapangidwe a spores.

Ma parasites osiyanasiyana amathanso kukhala ndi vuto pa adiantum: ambiri mwa awa ndi tizilombo tambiri komanso ma fern aphid.

Mitundu ya adiantum yakunyumba yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Adiantum Venus Tsitsi

Mtunduwu ndi mtundu wodziwika komanso wokondedwa wa fern. Sipezeka kawirikawiri kuthengo, koma imapezeka ku Caucasus ndi Crimea. Mtunduwu udawoneka koyamba m'nkhalango za Europe ndi South Africa.

Kunja, tsitsi lanyama limafanana ndi tsitsi lachikazi, ndichifukwa chake limakhala ndi dzina lotere. Monga nthumwi zachikazi zonse, mtunduwu ndiwodziwika bwino potengera kutentha ndi chinyezi.

Chomera chimakutidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono (pafupifupi 2 mm). Masamba ali petiole yosalala yakuda.

Adiantum ndiwokongola

Adiantum yamtunduwu imakula mpaka kukula kopatsa chidwi, mpaka 1 mita kutalika. Masamba opindika atatu amapezeka pa petioles zofiirira zakuda. Kuyika kapena kugawana mbewu yamtunduwu kuyenera kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa nthambvu yake ndi yofooka kwambiri.

Sizachilendo chifukwa cha kukula kwake kodabwitsa.

Adiantum Ruddy, kapena adiantum woboola pakati

Uwu ndi mtundu wokondweretsa kwambiri wa adiantum, chifukwa choyambirira chimamera m'nkhalango zakumwera kwa Brazil, makamaka pamitengo yamitengo yambiri. Adiantum Ruddy ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi Adiantum Wokongola. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi masamba akulu, omwe amatha kufikira masentimita 45 mulitali ndi 25 mulifupi. Petiole - wakuda, wonyezimira.

Mtunduwu sufuna chidwi chokha ndipo umakhala bwino kunyumba.