Zomera za mtundu uwu, wotchedwa Frederick Allamand, pulofesa ku Leiden University, amakhala m'madera otentha a South America m'chilengedwe, omwe amapezeka ku Brazil.
Izi ndi mitengo, zitsamba ndi zinyama.
Mitundu yambiri imakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu, tubula, ndi onunkhira kwambiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana yonyezimira kapena yofiira, yomwe imawonekera pang'ono, yaying'ono, ikuwonetsa pamapeto, pambali. Mabokosi a zipatso zamtengo wapatali ali ndi mbewu zambiri.
Alhamanda amtaliatali amasangalala m'minda yam'munda yozizira kapena malo obiriwira omwe ali ndi malo akuluakulu komanso chinyezi, koma Zimakhala zovuta kuziika mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa posamalira allamandas, kuyambira Mbali zonse za zomerazi ndizoizoni, ndipo madzi oyera amadzikwiyitsa khungu ndi maso.
Chithunzi
Mitundu
Mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda zofala kwambiri mitundu itatu ya allamand:
Laxative
Nthawi zambiri akukula pakhomo.
Dzinali limagwirizanitsidwa ndi zochita zomwe zimachoka ndi zimayambira za zomera, zomwe zili nazo woopsa, wokhumudwitsa mucous nembanemba madziAkamwa.
Zina zonse ndi zokongola, zikukula mofulumira lianaakhoza kufika kutalika kwa mamita 6.
Ambiri, masamba ochepa omwe amadzikongoletsera awiriwa, amatsutsana.
Zimakhala zazikulu, zotsegula masentimita 6, chikasu ndi zowala zoyera, maluwa onunkhira Sungani pa apical mphukira.
Lili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imasiyana ndi mtundu komanso mphamvu ya utoto.
Purple
Mu mitundu iyi liana allamand masamba ndi ozungulira ndi ochepa, ndi pubescence, atasonkhana m'makokosi a zidutswa zinayi.
Malo amatayika lilac, zofiirira kapena maluŵa ofiira apical, mabomba awa, mabelu nthawi zambiri amaikidwa m'magulu a zidutswa zitatu.
Mitunduyi ikukula pang'onopang'ono.
Oleandrolist
Fyuluta mawonekedwe ndi mphukira zamaliseche, kukula mpaka msinkhu wamita. Masamba opangidwa pamwamba, omwe amawoneka pamwamba, amajambulidwa mu utoto wobiriwira, ndipo pansi - kuwala kobiriwira.
Maluwa okongola ndi chubu yowonjezera pansi ndipo mapesi amatha pang'ono pang'ono kuposa a mipesa: amafutukula mpaka masentimita 4 kudutsa.
Kusamalira kwanu
Kuunikira
Amwenye a ku Brazil adzafunikira malo owala komanso abwino kwa iwo. - kum'mwera chakum'mawa, kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo kumadzulo; Komabe, kumawindo akumwera kumapeto kwa chilimwe muyenera kuchepetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, makamaka m'chipinda chofunda, allamandam amafunika kuwala kwa kuwala.
Kutentha
Kutaya kwa nthawi yaitali kutentha pansi pa madigiri 15 kumapangitsa kufa kwa chomeracho.
Chojambula chimatsutsana nthawi iliyonse ya chaka.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Mitengo iyi imafuna mpweya yodzaza ndi chinyezi mpaka 60-70% - ndipo, motero, kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse madzi otsika kwambiri.
Palibe madzi omwe ayenera kutuluka m'nyengo yamaluwa. on wachikasu kapena wofiirira pambali, chifukwa cha iwo amapanga mawanga a mdima.
Kuti mukhale wosamalitsa msinkhu wa chinyezi, mungathe kuyankhapo nsangala yamadzi kapena sphagnum tray.
Ground
Kukula bwino ndi pachimake kudzapereka zowonjezera, zowopsya, asidi pang'ono kapena osalowerera ndale nthaka.
Mungasankhe chimodzi mwa zosakaniza izi:
- Mbali zinayi za nthaka yamalimu, mu nthaka ziwiri, peat ndi humus; imodzi ndi mchenga;
- Sakanizani mbali zisanu za humus ndi magawo awiri a nthaka yowonjezera ndi kuwonjezera gawo limodzi la mchenga, peat ndi turfy ground;
- Mitengo, masamba, humus, mchenga wosakanikirana ndi chiwerengero cha 2: 1: 1: 1.
Tikufika
Kubzala mphamvu ya allamand ya mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tokha kumatengedwa "kukula", chifukwa mtundu uwu ukukula mofulumira. Allamandy violet ndi oleandrolian zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo chotengera chawo chikhoza kukhala theka la kutalika kwa mphukira.
Pansi, dothi lokhala ndi dothi laling'ono kapena miyala yaying'ono idayikidwa, nthaka yokonzedweratu imatsanulidwa, mizu imaikidwa pa iyo ndipo udothi wosakaniza wadzaza, pang'onopang'ono kumagwirizanitsa.
Kwa ofunika kwambiri amafunika kupereka chithandizo.
Kuwaza
Kubwezedwa "Brazil" mu February kapena March: wamng'ono zochitika chaka ndi chakazambiri okhwima - kamodzi mu zaka 2-3.
Kuti kutalika kwa malire, kuchokera mu mphika "wotukuka" wokhala ndi masentimita 20 cm, chomeracho sichitha kuikidwa, koma chimangowonjezera mizu yake ndikuwaza dziko lapansi latsopano.
Mutatha kugula Allamandy, monga lamulo, amaikidwa pamtunda - kawirikawiri pambuyo pa sabata la milungu iwiri, pamene pangakhale mavuto a "watsopano" omwe amawululidwa, komanso matenda ake kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo. Panthawiyi, "kugula" kumasinthidwa kuti zikhale zatsopano, ndipo chisankho chimapangidwa pa mphamvu yoyenera kwambiri.
Kuthirira
Chilimwe kuthirira ayenera kukhala zambiri, kuti musakhale ndi nthawi yakuwumitsa dziko lapansi. Zima kuthirira - moyenera, pamwamba pa madzi okwanira madzi ayenera kuuma.
Kupaka pamwamba
M'nthaŵi ya nyengo yogwira mwakhama ndi maluwa, nyengo ndi chilimwe, kudyetsa kumachitika ndifupipafupi kamodzi kapena kawiri pa mwezi.
Gwiritsani ntchito zovuta feteleza kwa zomera zamkati.
Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mineral ndi zokongoletsa.
Kudulira
Allamands amadulidwa osati kungowonjezera kukula kwake ndikukhalanso ndi tsamba lakuda, komanso kutsimikizira maluwa okongola - chifukwa maluwawo amapangidwa pamwamba pa mphukira zazing'ono.
Kudula (nthawizonse kuvala magolovesi!) ndalama zonse February-March, pamaso maluwa, mwina mu Novemberitatha. Kuwombera kumadulidwa ndi theka lachitatu kapena theka kutalika kwake, kudula kuli pamwamba pa tsamba la masamba ndi mfundo za kukula. Zofooka ndi zowonjezereka zimachotsedwa. Monga mukufunira, mphukira zazing'ono zitseni.
Zomera Yankhani bwino mapangidwe, kotero kuti ngakhale allamand yakuya kwambiri ingapangidwe kukhala chitsamba chobiriwira, chothandizidwa pa gridi yothandizira.
Maluwa
Mbalame ya Allamanda ikufalikira nthawi zonse m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja; Ndibwino kuti mafundewa azitulutsa maluwa achikasu kapena azungu wozungulira chaka chilichonse. M'malo mwa "mabelu" otayika "zipatso" zosaoneka ngati bokosi.
Kuswana
Mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda ndikugwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi zomera zowzalera.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Mu February ndi March, allamants amafesedwa mu nthaka yonyowa, yochepa yomwe imakhala ndi mchenga ndi peat mofanana, imafesedwa ndi filimu ya polyethylene, ikuwombedwa ndi kupopedwa, kusunga kutentha mkati mwa madigiri 22-25.
Mbewu zimamera pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka; Pambuyo poonekera masamba angapo enieni, amawuluka, kenako, akamakula, amakhala pansi pamadzi okhala ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Zomwe zimakhala bwino kubzala, ndibwino kudula mchere wochepa wa 8-10 masentimita kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira-kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Gwiritsani ntchito sing'anga kuti muchepetse zigawo zochepa ndikuziyika mchenga wothira - makamaka kutentha kuchokera pansipa.
Phimbani ndi polyethylene. Mpweya wotenthawu uyenera kukhala wokwanira mpweya wabwino ndi kupopera, kusunga chinyezi chofunikira pa kutentha kwa madigiri 23 mpaka 25.
Pambuyo pa rooting, a cuttings adabzalidwa mu nthaka ya mchere yokhala ndi humus, sod land ndi mchenga wofanana. Pambuyo pa mwezi ndi theka, iwo adzakula kukhala Allamandas.
Katemera
Chotsatira chosangalatsa chingapezeke mwa kuika allamanda wofiirira pa chikasu (laxative). Kenaka kukula kwa violet kuyang'ana kudzafulumizitsa, ndipo pamodzi umodzi wofatsa "manja" mabelu onse adzagwirizana.
Katemera umayambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe - mukhoza kuphatikiza ndi kudulira. Amagawani chitsa cha chingwe (chikasu), amaikamo chodula cha oblique chazitsulo (wofiira) chodulidwa mosagwirizana ndi mphete ziwiri, kuyesera kugwirizanitsa makungwa ndi makungwa, pachimake ndi maziko. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito katemera akutidwa ndi tepi yamagetsi ndi kuyembekezera mphukira zatsopano kuti ziwoneke pazitsulo zowumizidwa. Pambuyo pake, tepi imachotsedweratu; Mukhoza kutsegula malo omwe amamatira movutikira.
- Zolakwika zothandizira, matenda ndi tizirombo
- Masamba amatembenukira bulauni ndi kupiringa - kuthirira kwambiri ndi / kapena hypothermia. Ndikofunika kusintha kusintha kwa madzi ndi kutentha.
- Mphukira imatulutsa, masamba amawombera - kusowa kwauni ndi / kapena zakudya. Zimayenera kukonza dosachivanie ndi kudyetsa chomera.
- Zimayambira zakuda pansi ndi kuvunda. - Zotsatira za kubzala kwambiri ndi madzi, makamaka kuphatikizapo kutentha kwakukulu. Zitsanzo zabwino zimayenera kubzalidwa, ndipo fungicide imaphatikizidwa ku madzi okwanira. Mitengo yogwirizana iyenera kuthetsedwa.
- Pa allamandah akhoza kukhazikika whitefly, aphid, kangaudekomanso nematodes. Chiwonongeko chotheratu cha tizirombozi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Allamandy wokongola ndi wowopsa kwambiri - zomera za amalima odziwa bwino komanso odziwa bwino maluwa. Pamene zokongola za ku Brazilizi zimayambira m'nyumba mwako, zimapereka zokongoletsera ndi zipinda zambiri za zipinda chaka ndi chaka, ndipo ndi katemera wopambana mungaphatikizepo maluwa amtundu umodzi pa mpesa umodzi.
