Ndondomeko yopanda ulemu komanso yosazizira "Renklod munda wamunda"

Ambiri "munda wa Renklod" - ndi mitundu yakale komanso yodziwika bwino, yomwe ikufunikanso m'munda. Ndipo sizichitika mwangozi, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pa nyengo yozizira, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti ikule bwino mu Russia.

Kuonjezerapo, "Renklod munda wa famu" ndi wotchuka chifukwa chokwanira komanso chokhazikika. Ndipo kumusamalira sikuyimira mavuto apadera.

Tsatanetsatane wa "Renklod collective farm"

Mbalame "Renklod kolkhoz" imatanthawuza gulu la mitundu yopanga nyumba ndi zipatso zoyambirira kucha. Ndi mtengo wokhala ndi mphamvu ya kukula, kufika mamita atatu m'lifupi.

Plum korona kuthamanga komanso osati wandiweyani. Makungwa pa thunthu la mtengo ndi osalala ndi opaka imvi. Pa mphukira yofiira-bulauni pang'ono pokha pali mphodza.

Kuwala kobiriwira bwino masamba ali ndi kukula kwake. Mmene tsamba la tsambali limakhalira ndilopakatikati palimodzi. Maluwa amaluwa amakhala aang'ono komanso oyera.

Kulemera kwa phokoso lopangidwa mozungulira ngati "Renkoda famu yamagulu" kumakhala kuyambira 18 mpaka 24 g. Mtundu wa chipatso ndi wachikasu ndi pang'ono. Pansi pa khungu lofewa pamtunda wonse wa mwanayo muli nthenda yambiri ya imvi. Nyama yachikasu ya chipatsocho ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso yokhazikika kwambiri. Kagulu kakang'ono kamakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi zamkati.

Zipatso zili ndi kukoma, kulawa pang'ono.. Khungu kochepa khungu limapereka mthunzi wochenjera. Shuga wokhutira mu zipatso ndi 8.9%, ndipo acidity ndi 1.4%. Ndi mapulogalamu olawa adalandira mapepala angapo.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tebulo "munda wa Renklod" ndi wokoma kwambiri komanso ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Mafuta, compotes, jams, marmalades, jams ndi marmalade amapangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo.

Zithunzi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana "munda wa Renklod"

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Mlengi wa "munda wa Renklod" ndi Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin mwiniwake. Kwasayansi watsopano wolowa anadutsa "Ternoslivu" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Green Green's green."

Chotsatiracho chinali chosiyana ndi zizindikiro zodabwitsa, zomwe zinali ndi zokolola zabwino komanso zabwino kwambiri zozizira.

"Munda wa Renklod" m'chaka cha 1947 unalowa mu Register Register ndipo analimbikitsa kulima ku Central Black Earth, Central ndi North-West madera a Russia.

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

"Renklod munda wa famu" umadziwika ndi zokolola zapamwamba komanso zokhazikika pachaka. Izi ndi zosiyanasiyana za skoroplodny, kupereka zokolola zoyamba kwa zaka 4 kapena zisanu za moyo.

Mtengo wa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi wa "munda wamakono" umabala zipatso za 6 mpaka 8 kg, mtengo wa zaka eyiti wa 9 mpaka 18 kg, ndi mtengo wa zaka khumi ndi umodzi kuchokera 39 mpaka 51 kg. Mphukira zophika pamodzi mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa August. Kuchokera ku kukolola kwa zokolola, nthambi za mtengo zimapachika pansi mwamphamvu ndipo pamapeto pa zaka zimapeza korona wathyathyathya.

Mitundu yambiri ili ndi drawback - pamene ikuwonjezeka, zipatso zake zimatha kukhetsa. Choncho, ndibwino kuti tisachedwe kukolola.

Mphepete mwa mapuloteni otchedwa "Renklod". Mwachibadwa yozizira, maluwa sizimaundana pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, kuzizira kwa nthambi zing'onozing'ono ndi kuzizira nkhuni zimawonedwa. Komabe, patatha zaka zingapo, mitengoyo imabwezeretsedwa ndikupitiriza kubereka zipatso zabwino.

Ubwino wina wa zosiyanasiyana "Renklod munda wa famu" - sakuwopa kusintha kwa kutentha. Mtengo wodula wa mtengo suwonongeke ndi mafirimenti ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa.

"Famu ya Renklod" ikudzivulaza, choncho imafuna mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mungu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, sangathe kuphatikizapo maula a Chitchaina. Kuti apange pollination yabwino "Famu ya Renklod" imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yokha kuchokera ku gulu la nyumba.

Zokongola kwambiri "Red-rimming", "Renklod thorny", "Hungarian Moscow", "Volga Beauty", "Eurasia 21", "Hungarian Pulkovo", ndi zina zotero.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Pakatikatikati mwa maulamuliro kawirikawiri amafesedwa masika. Mukamabzala, nthawi zambiri mitengo siidakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndikukula, choncho m'nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri amaundana.

Ngati zidachitika kuti sapling idagulidwa mu kugwa, mukhoza kulipangira m'munda, ndikuphimba ndi nthambi za pine spruce, ndikuwaza ndi chisanu ndi kuyamba kwa dzinja. Choncho, mtengo wotenthawu umakhala bwino mpaka masika.

Kupanga maula ayenera kusankha malo a dzuwa, otetezedwa nthawi zonse ku mphepo yolimba ndi yozizira. Choyenera, ichi chiyenera kukhala gawo lakumwera kapena kum'mwera kwa munda. Ndi zofunika kuti ngakhale mapeyala apamwamba ndi maapulo musawapange.

Nthaka ya sandy kapena loamy yomwe ili ndi pH ya 6.5 mpaka 7.0 ndi yabwino kwambiri. Madzi apansi pansi ayenera kukhala 1.5 mamita pansi pa nthaka.

Dzenje liyenera kukonzekera masabata angapo isanachitike, komanso makamaka kugwa. Kutalika kwa dzenje kuyenera kukhala pa masentimita 60 mpaka 80, kuya - 50 cm, ndi chiwembu chodzala mbande zingapo - 3 mpaka 3 mamita.

Dothi lachonde limakonzedwa musanadzalemo. Kwa ichi, kuchokera 7 mpaka 10 makilogalamu a kompositi kapena humus ndi ena phulusa (pafupifupi 100 g) amachotsedwa pansi kuchotsedwa m'dzenje. Ngati nthaka yayamba, mukhoza kuwonjezera pafupifupi 50 g wa laimu-fluff kwa osakaniza. Ngati mukufuna, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimatha kusinthidwa ndi feteleza mchere - 200 g wa superphosphate ndi 80 g ya potaziyamu sulphate. Kusakaniza kwachonde kumakhala kosakanikirana ndi kudzaza dzenje.

Musanabzala maula, Pakatikati mwa dzenje amayendetsa pamtengo kuti amangirire. Komanso, mkatikatikati mwa dzenje, amadzaza mulu wa dothi, amaika maula aang'ono pa iwo ndipo mogawana amagawira mizu kuzungulira mkombero.

Onetsetsani kuti Nkhumba ili kumbali ya kumwera kwa mtengo. Kenaka dzenje lidzaza ndi chisakanizo chachonde, ndikugwedeza mtengowo mofatsa kuti dziko lapansi lidzaze zonse zomwe zili mu mizu.

Mukamabzala, nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti khosi lili ndi masentimita 5-6 pamwamba pa nthaka. Kumapeto kwa kubzala kumagwirira ntchito kuzungulira mitengo, iwo amapanga phokoso kuti amwe madzi ndi kuthira dziko lapansi ndi zidebe ziwiri kapena zitatu za madzi. Kenaka, mmerawo umamangiriridwa ku msomali, ndipo nthaka imayendetsedwa. Patangopita masabata angapo kumvula, kuthirira kumabwerezedwa.

Kusamalira kwambiri maula kumaphatikizapo ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Kuthirira Mphuno ikhoza kutchedwa mtengo wokonda kwambiri chinyezi wa zipatso zonse. Ndi kusowa kwa madzi m'nthaka zipatso zake zimatha, ndipo masamba amasanduka chikasu ndikugwa. Mu nyengo yowuma, chomerachi chimafuna 3 mpaka 5 kuthirira. Nkhumba zazing'ono zimafuna kuchokera ku 4 mpaka 6 zidebe zamadzi pamtengo, ndi zobala zipatso - kuchokera 8 mpaka 10. Kuthirira kumatengedwa kukhala okwanira ngati nthaka yothira 40 cm. Pofuna kusunga chinyezi, bwalo la thunthu limaphatikizidwa ndi humus kapena kompositi.
2. Kutsegula. Malo a Pristvolnuyu pansi pa maula ayenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse ndi opanda namsongole, ndikukumba mu kugwa. Kuonjezera apo, nkofunika 4 kapena kasanu pa nthawi pa nyengo kuti achotse mphukira, makamaka kuchepetsa zokolola za plums.
3. Kupaka pamwamba. Manyowa amatha kukhala chaka mutabzala. Zaka zitatu zilizonse zogwa pansi zimayambitsidwa monga humus kapena kompositi pamlingo wa hafu ya chidebe pa mita imodzi. Apa mukhoza kuwonjezera superphosphate (50 g) ndi sulphate ya potaziyamu (20 g). M'chaka, isanayambe maluwa, 20 g wa ammonium nitrate amadziwika pa lalikulu mamita a mtengo pamwamba.
4. Mbewu. Ali wamng'ono, maula amafunika kudulira. Mbewu za pachaka 4-6 ziphuphu zimasiyidwa ndi mtunda wa masentimita 40 pakati pa tier. Kenaka zaka 3 kapena 4 masika, nthambi zazikulu zimfupikitsidwa ndi zitatu. M'tsogolomu, mitengo ya plamu imafunika kudulira mwaukhondo. Korona imadulidwa chaka chilichonse, nthambi, zowonongeka ndi zopanda fruiting zimachotsedwa.
5. Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. "Famu ya Renklod" imatchuka chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira yozizira. Komabe, mitengo yake yaing'ono siimakanikizika mokwanira ndipo imakhala yovuta kwambiri kutentha. Choncho, m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kutenthedwa. Asanayambe kuzizira nyengo, mbande zimaphimbidwa poyamba ndi wosanjikiza wa utuchi, ndiyeno nthambi za mtengo wa firitsi. Malingana ndi njira ina, mitengo imayikidwa ndi mitengoyo ngati mawindo ndi udzu, udzu kapena mapesi a udzu amaikidwa pa chipangidwe ichi. Kenaka nyumbayo imangidwa ndi chingwe. Kuwala kwa chisanu kudzayambitsa chitetezo chowonjezereka ku chisanu ndi mphepo yozizira.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

"Renklod Collective Farm" sichimawoneka kuti ndi wochepetsetsa (komasewera) ndipo kawirikawiri amavutika ndi matenda a fungal. Pofuna kuthetseratu matenda otheka, njira zothandizira zimatengedwa.

Mphukira yakhudzidwa imadulidwa, zipatso za matenda ndi masamba akuwonongedwa. Pamene mitengo yadulira, zigawo ndi ming'alu zimatetezedwa ndi makina a mandimu ndi kuwonjezera kwa mkuwa wa sulfate.

Kumayambiriro kasupe, pamaso pa masamba akufalikira ndi yophukira patapita tsamba lakugwa, mankhwala ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena fungicides. Kuwonjezera apo, mu kugwa, maula amathiridwa ndi njira yothetsera urea motsutsana ndi cholesterol.

Mitengo ya mitengo ya maula iyenera kuchitika pasanathe mwezi umodzi musanakolole.

Zowopsa kwambiri "tizirombo ta Renkoda" mapaipi a sawfly ndi njenjete ya plamu.

Against sawfly mu kasupe, ngakhale maluwa asanayambe maluwa, amachitira ndi Karbofos, Chlorophos, Cyanox kapena Cydial. Ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tomwe timatha maluwa, processing imabwerezedwa. Pa nthawi ya fruiting, mitengo imagwedezeka pa zowononga zowonongeka zomwe ziri ndi mphutsi zowononga ndikuziwononga.

Against plum moths Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe Bitoxibacillin, Gaupsin ndi Lepidocide ndi othandiza. Amapanga mankhwala osachepera 4-6 ndi nthawi ya masiku khumi. Kugwiritsira ntchito mabotolo amsampha, misampha ya pheromone, kumasula, kukumba dothi ndi kusonkhanitsa zowonongeka ndiyenso kuyesetsa kuthana ndi codwort.

Monga mukuonera, "Renklod munda wa famu" - iyi ndipulosi yayikulu, muyeso yake sizodzichepetsa kwa mitundu yamakono yamakono. Ndichisamaliro choyenera, chaka chilichonse mutha kusonkhanitsa zipatso zabwino zokoma ndi zosawerengeka ndi zosaiwalika.