Mwa mitundu yambiri yomwe imalimidwa kunyumba, peyala lolimidwa bwino limatha kutchedwa wotchuka kwambiri. Komwe mbewuyo idabadwira ku South America, koma posachedwa idayamba kale kugombe la Crimea ndipo yakhala ikukula kuyambira pamenepo.
Kodi ngale yamtengo wapatali imawoneka bwanji, kwa banja lake
Pearl prickly ndi chomera chachilendo ndipo ndi cha banja la a Cactus. Nthawi zambiri chikhalidwe chimamera ngati mbewu yabwino ndipo zipatso zake zimadyedwa. Cactus weniweni ndiwotuwa wonenepa amene amatulutsa bwino. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zofiira zimapangidwa paminga, mnofu wake ndiwotsekemera komanso wonunkhira kwambiri.
Kutula kwa peyala yam India
Peyala mwachinyengo imatha kukhala ngati chitsamba chokhala ndi mphukira zowongoka kapena zokwawa. Nthawi zina mmera umapezeka ngakhale mumtengowo. M'mbali mwa cactus pali masamba a minga. Masamba onyansa komanso obowoka amasowa msanga.
Chipatso cha mkuyu Opuntia fig
Mitundu wamba
Peyala yamakhwala imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndi:
- Berger - chomera chimaposa mita kutalika kwake, zimayambira ndizopendekera, zobiriwira zowoneka bwino. Kudera lonse la mapesiwo pali minga yachikasu.
- Gosselin - wodziwika ndi inflorescence yayikulu yachikasu. Masamba ali ndi mithunzi ingapo: kuchokera kubiriwira kupita pamtambo wobiriwira ndi siliva wokutira.
- Tsitsi laling'ono - kacusiyu amatha kupezeka m'nyumba zambiri, amasiyanasiyana masingano ofewa achikasu kuzungulira mzomera.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Peyala yamapapo imakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zopindulitsa m'thupi la munthu:
- imathandizira kutupa;
- otsitsa kupatsidwa zinthu za m'magazi;
- amathandizira polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuchepetsa thupi;
- Chomera chomera chimathandizira kuchepetsa ukalamba.
Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera
Cactus uyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu kwazaka zambiri. Pakadali pano, peyala yodula ndi chakudya cha nyama, ndipo utoto umapangidwanso. M'zaka za zana la 20, cactus adafika ku Australia, komwe adafalikira konsekonse. Ng'ombe zimakonda kwambiri chomera, koma zimayamba kufa ndi zitsamba zamatumbo zomwe zimalowa m'matumbo awo. Pachifukwachi, alimi sanakonde nkhokwezi ndipo adayesetsa kuthana nayo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Zofunika! Zotsatira zake, agulugufe a ognevka, omwe adakhazikitsa chipilala polemekeza izi, adathandizira kutulutsa ngale yabwino.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba
Kuti mbewu ikule ndi maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino.
Kutentha
M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa nkhadze sikofunikira kwambiri, kumatha kusintha bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, chizindikiro cha thermometer sichikuyenera kukwera kuposa madigiri 6 Celsius, apo ayi peyala yodabwitsayo imatambasulidwa ndikuyamba kukhala yoyipa.
Kuwala
Pichesi zopindika zimakonda kuwala kwambiri, koma dzuwa lolunjika sayenera kugwera pamalowo. Kuti ikule mwachangu, nkhadze imafunikira kuwala chaka chonse.
Nthomba zokwanira bwino
Kuthirira
Thirirani mbewuyo mosamala. Ngati pali chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka, mizu yanu imayamba kuvunda. Kuthirira kumachitika ngati ndikofunikira - dothi lakumtunda litakhala louma kale, mutha kuyamba kunyowa. Madzi amayenera kutetezedwa, ndipo ndibwino kuti ikhale yofewa komanso pang'ono acid. Pazifukwa izi, gwiritsani ntchito mandimu.
Tcherani khutu! Thirirani mbewuyo mu poto, kuti muchepetse nkhumba kuchokera ku limescale.
Dothi
Acidity ya nthaka sayenera kupitirira 6.5 pH, iyenera kukhala yolola komanso yotayirira. Kusakaniza kwa humus, malo a turf ndi mchenga ndi kwangwiro. Musaiwale za ngalande, monga dongo zokulirapo, miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena njerwa zosweka imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Peyala yamiyala yamtengo wapatali imakula bwino mu kusakaniza kosavuta kokagulidwa kwa cacti ndi suppulents.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Mutha kudyetsa cactus kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, pochita izi mogwirizana ndi malangizo. Zikhala zokwanira 1 kuyambitsa kwapadera kwa ma suppulents pamwezi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba ndizoletsedwa.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa nthawi yachisanu, nthawi yopuma
Ngati cactus wabzalidwa poyera, ndiye kuti nthawi yachisanu iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi udzu kapena singano ya paini. Panthawi yopumira, mbewuyo imakhala yopunduka pang'ono, koma osadandaula. Chapakatikati chidzakhalanso chowoneka bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, samadyetsa komanso samamwetsa madzi.
Maluwa odabwitsa
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Opuntia limamasula kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndipo limatha nthawi imeneyi koyambilira kwa nyengo yophukira. Kukwaniritsa maluwa a cactus kunyumba ndikovuta kwambiri, kapena m'malo mwake, ndizosatheka. Kufotokozera kwa mtengowo kumawonetsera kuti limamasula mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuyambira yaying'ono mpaka yayikulu. Maluwa okongola amatha kuyembekezedwa ngati nthawi yotentha ilipo mpata wotengera mphika kuminda kapena pabwalo. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zotsekemera zowoneka bwino zimapangidwa pamtengowo, kuti zimve kukoma kwake kotsimikizira nkhuyu.
Momwe kanjedza kamayala kumayambira
Pali njira ziwiri zokha zoberekera ngale zamtengo wapatali, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masamba.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Njira yofalitsira mbewu mwina ndiyovuta kwambiri. Musanabzale, njere zamiyeso zamtengo wapatali zimayenera kuzikikiridwa ndi sandpaper kapena fayilo ya msomali. Pambuyo pake, zinthuzo zimadzazidwa ndi madzi kwa maola angapo. Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala wophatikizana, dothi lapadziko lonse ndi makala. Mbewu zobzalidwa m'nthaka, kufinya pang'ono m'menemo. Zobzala ziyenera kukhala zothinitsidwa ndi yofooka yankho la manganese ndikuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu. M'mawa ndi madzulo, zotengera ziyenera kuthandizidwa. Ndikofunika kuti dothi lisakhale louma komanso lonyowa kwambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Mbande zitha kuwoneka wopitilira mwezi umodzi, khalani oleza mtima.
Mizu yodula
Njira yachilengedwe yophunzitsira cacti ndi yovomerezeka. Kudula kumatha kuchotsedwa nthawi iliyonse, koma ndibwino kuwabzala mu nthawi ya masika kapena nthawi yotentha, pomwe kukula kwazomera kumachitika. Gawo limadulidwa ndikusiyidwa kwa masiku angapo kuti liume. Zitatha izi, zodulidwazo zimazamitsidwa ndi wachitatu mu chisakanizo cha malo omalizidwa a cacti ndi mchenga. Kubzala kumafunikira kuthiriridwa, koma kuzika kwamizu kumatha kuchitika milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo.
Palinso njira ina yozika mizu. Mphesa zimachotsedwa mbali imodzi ya gawo, ndipo mbali iyi imadziwitsidwa pansi. Kenako, thirirani dothi pozungulira zodulidwazo. Mizu yake izikhala m'malo ake onse. Pamene kukula kwa cactus kumaonekera, mutha kuchepetsa kuthirira ndikulola nthaka kuti iume kwa masiku angapo.
Thirani
Peyala yamiyala yokhala ndi mizu yosakhwima, motero ndikwabwino kuti musadzamuwenso. Chitani izi pokhapokha ngati nkhadzeyo ilipo kale mumphika wake. Yambitsani zikhalidwe mu miphika ya dongo kapena ya terracotta. Zinthu zoterezi sizimalola chinyezi kusunthira mchidebe, ndipo mizu yake sidzavutika.
Zofunika! Njira yothanulira imachitika bwino ndi magolovesi kuti asawonongeke. Cactus amachotsa mosamala mu mphika ndi kutumizidwa ku chotengera chatsopano kudzera pakugundika, pomwe amayenera kugwiridwa ndi maziko.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula komanso matenda
Mavuto aliwonse omwe amabwera munthawi yamakulidwe amakula mwanjira inayake kapena ina amaphatikizidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera. Mavuto akulu ndi mayankho awo:
- Ngati mphukira unafota ndikuchita ulesi, ndiye kuti mbewuyo sikokwanira chinyezi, ndiyofunika kubwereza boma la kuthilira.
- Kapangidwe ka mawanga owala pamtunda kukuwonetsa chinyezi kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.
- Kukula kwa zowola muzu kumachitika chifukwa chinyezi chambiri komanso nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Pankhaniyi, pa mphukira mutha kuwona mapangidwe owala, omwe adzayamba kuda.
- Ngati mawanga ang'onoang'ono owoneka bwino pazigawo, izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa nkhungu yoyera. Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha zomwe zili pamalowo pazinthu zambiri chinyezi, ndipo chithandizo chikuyenera kuchitika ndi fungicides.
Kubzala kwa prickly peyala, kuphukira koyamba
Tizilombo
Nthawi zambiri, tizirombo timatsutsana ndi peyala yodabwitsayo. Ngati muzu nematode uchita izi, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ingamwalire posachedwa. Madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi nkhadzeyo ayenera kuchotsedwa, mizu ndikuviika m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi zingapo ndikuthira mbewuyo ndi yankho lamakala. Pambuyo pake, nkhadze imabzalidwe m'nthaka yatsopano yosabala.
Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro
Amakhulupirira kuti cactus aliyense amatha kuyamwa mafunde owopsa amagetsi omwe amachokera ku zida zamagetsi. Peyala mwachinyengo imateteza nyumba ndi onse okhalamo kuti asakonde. Pali mtundu wina womwe umapezeka kuti kwawo ndi kwa amuna onse, choncho masiku akale chomera sichinalimidwe m'nyumba yokhala ndi atsikana ang'ono.
Kukula kwamtchire
Alimi ochepa a novice amadziwa mtundu uwu wa mbewu iyi - kanjedza chamiyanga. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, nkhadze imakondwera ndi kukongoletsa kwake kwa zaka zambiri.
