Kulima kulima, chikondi chosafuna kutentha maluwa ruellia ndi changwiro. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za mtundu wa zomera, momwe zingakulire bwino komanso mtundu wa chisamaliro chofunika. Musayende mozungulira ndi mtundu wa duwa ili.
Tsatanetsatane wamatsenga
Ruellia kapena dipteracantus ndi chomera chachikondi chodabwitsa ndi maluwa odabwitsa.
Mukudziwa? Anatchedwa chomeracho pofuna kulemekeza wazomera wa ku France wakale Jean Ruel.
Amakula mwachilengedwe ku South Asia, Africa, ku America ndi madera otentha. Flower Ruwell amatanthauza mtundu acanthus ndipo amapezeka ngati shrub, shrub ndi wamba.Ndi kuyatsa koyenera, imamera kuyambira February mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Ndipo popanda kuwala okwanira, nthawiyi yacheperachepera kwa miyezi itatu. Ruellia ndi imodzi mwa zomera zochepa zomwe pachimake m'nyengo yozizira - Ena onse panthawi ino akupumula.
Ndikofunikira! Pezani shopu la maluwa, komwe kuli chingwe, chovuta. Mwinamwake, izi ndi chifukwa chakuti maluwa sagulidwa nthawi zambiri, koma chifukwa cha maluwa ake ofulumira. Pofufuza, funsani ogulitsa okha kapena malo ogulitsira maluso.
Mitundu yotchuka
Ruellia ali ndi banja lonse - dongosolo 250 mitundu. Alimi am'mudzi amagwiritsira ntchito mitundu yochepa yomwe imatchuka kuti ikukula. Ngakhale zili choncho, mzere wawo ndi waukulu kwambiri, ndipo zomera ndizodzichepetsa ndipo sizikusowa njira zodziwika zolima, n'zovuta kuzipeza, ndipo zina sizingatheke kwa wamba wamba.
Ruelle Britton akunena za zitsamba zomwe zimafika kutalika kwa mita imodzi. Pamunsi, zimayambira pamtengo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitsamba chifike kukula. Ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri, masamba aakulu, amatalika kwambiri. Maluwa okongola a mitundu imeneyi ndi aakulu.
Mukudziwa? Britton akhoza kukula m'madera onse chifukwa chakuti ndi wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndipo amamva bwino ngakhale m'nyumba.
Ruelia DeVosa, kapena ruelium buluu nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madera otentha a South America. Tsinde limakula mpaka masentimita 40 mmwamba. Masamba a velvety amawoneka ngati ellipsis mpaka masentimita 7 m'litali. Masambawo ndi obiriwira pamwamba, ndi zofiirira pansi ndi mitsempha yoyera. Maluwa osakwatira ali mu axil wa masamba. Mtundu wa lilac wawo wotumbululuka ndi mitsempha yofiira. Pindani buluu kapena loyera.
Dziko la Ruella Portella - mitengo yamvula yam'mlengalenga ya South America. Kunja, zikuwoneka ngati buluu. Zimasiyana makamaka ndi timapepala akuluakulu a bulauni. Maluwa ake ndi pinki yokongola. Chipatso chapadera cha chaka chilichonse sichifunika.
Rullia grandiflora - mamita awiri osatha shrub ndi ochuluka maluwa. Maluwa akuluakulu amafanana ndi mpweya wambiri ndipo amakula mpaka masentimita 15. Chokhachokha chimakhalanso chowopsa. Maluwa ali pamwamba pa mphukira. Amapezeka pinki, lilac, yofiira ndipo amakhoza pachimake kuyambira m'dzinja kukayamba ndi kuyatsa bwino. 
Ruellia ndi wokongola - Chomera chokongola chomwe chimamasula pafupifupi chaka chonse, komabe, monga mtundu wonsewo, maluwawo amawasunga pa tsinde la tsiku lokha. Masamba a lanceolate amadzazidwa ndi ubweya wonyezimira. Gawo la pansi la masamba ndi lowala, ndipo pamwamba ndi matte wobiriwira. Maluwa okongola amakhala ndi ma peta asanu. Ngakhale kuti pali kusiyana kosiyana, malamulo owasamalira ndi ofanana. Kaya muli ndi maluwa otani, tsatirani, ndipo mbewuyo idzawoneka yabwino komanso kawirikawiri imadwala.
Zomwe zingatheke kuti zikule
Pamene mukukula pakhomo, okondedwa nthawi zambiri samadzipweteka okha ndi kusamalira nyama yatsopano. Komabe, pali zifukwa zina zabwino zomwe zimakhala zofunikira kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yaitali maluwawa m'nyumba mwanu.
Kuunikira
Ndibwino kuti abwerere ku mawindo abwino a kumadzulo ndi kummawa kwa nyumba yanu. Pansi penipeni pa zipinda, zomera zimatha kukula, koma izi zimafunikira kuunikira, monga Rullia amakonda kuwala. Olima amalima amagwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera kuti aziphulika chaka chonse.
Ngakhale kuti Ruella ndi ofunikira, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yoti muime. Pakakhala kuwala kochepa kapena kuchepa, nsonga za mphukira zidzayamba kuuma, ndipo masambawo adzaphimbidwa ndi mawanga ofiira. Zikatero, nthata za Putin zimakula mofulumira.
Ndikofunikira! Mafuta ochepa kwambiri amakula, mphukira zazing'ono komanso maluwa othamanga ndizochepa chifukwa cha kuunika kokwanira.
Zikuwoneka kuti duwa likhoza kuikidwa pawindo lazenera, ndipo lidzikondweretse kuwala. Ndiko kupezeka kwa kuwala kumene kumayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kutentha kwina. Kumvera malamulo pa ichi ndiloyenera.Kutentha
Kutentha kwabwino kwa ruell ndi 20-25 ° C madigiri koma m'nyengo yozizira ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chovomerezeka 16-18 ° C. Onetsetsani kuti mpweya wabwino ukufalitsidwa, mwinamwake ungayambitse kuwonongeka kapena powdery mildew.
Kuphatikiza pa izi zowoneka bwino, pali ziwerengero zingapo pamene zikukula pakhomo. Kudziwa iwo, mukhoza kukula nyemba sizowopsya kusiyana ndi kutentha kapena kutentha.
Kusamalira maluwa a Ruellium kunyumba
Ngakhale duwa ili losafuna kusamala, ndikofunikira kumamatira ku magawo omwe ali abwino kwambiri kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino wa chiweto chanu chatsopano.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Imwani nyembayo ikhale yoyenera, koma osati yolemera kwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti dothi limalira pang'ono pa izi. Komabe, musapitirire, monga ruelle amagwiritsa ntchito nyengo yamvula. Ngati masamba ayamba kufota, imwani madziwo nthawi yomweyo. Zikanakhala kuti sizinali kwa nthawi yaitali popanda madzi, pali mwayi uliwonse wosunga. Apo ayi, ngakhale mapepala apansi adzagwa.
Ruellia imakula mvula yamkuntho, koma panyumba sikusowa kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse. Chofunika kwambiri ndi Musayikidwe pafupi ndi mabatire ndi heaters. Mpweya wotentha kwambiri ukhoza kuyambitsa masamba. Zisanayambe, zimakhala zong'onong'ono ndi kupopera mu chubu. Kuthirira duwa bwino ndi madzi kutentha kapena kutentha pang'ono. Iyenera kudyetsedwa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zina, kukhalapo kwake komwe kungapereke nthaka yokha.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Chofunika chodzala kusonkhanitsa tsamba ndi sod, mchenga ndi humus, koma mungagwiritse ntchito nthaka yomwe idagulidwa kale. Sizingakhale zosavuta kuwonjezera vermiculite, izo zidzakhala ndi gawo la ngalande. Chomera chimakula mofulumira, choncho zimakhala bwino kwambiri. M'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja, pa maluwa, amadyetsedwa ndi mchere feteleza kawiri pa mwezi. Kwa duwa sunali wathanzi komanso wokongola, muyenera kutsatira ndi kusamalira maonekedwe ake.
Kudulira
Kuti duwa likhale lokongola kwambiri ndi nthambi, Ruelley onetsetsani. Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maonekedwe okongoletsera, muyenera kudula mphukira. Zotsatira zake, amayamba kupanga zatsopano, ndipo chitsamba chimakhala chowopsa. Mungathe kubzala mbewu yatsopano, ingodula pamwamba pake. Mwa njira, kumtumikizanitsa ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yobereketsera yomwe wamaluwa ambiri amachitira.
Kusamba ndi kufalitsa kwa cuttings
Maluwa akuluakulu amaikidwa pamalo oyenera, koma zomera zazing'ono zimachitika chaka chilichonse. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi kuyambira March mpaka May. Panthawi imeneyi ndi bwino kuwonjezera feteleza ku zomera. Pamene chomeracho chikulumikizidwa, pamapeto a miyezi iwiri kapena miwiri, yonjezerani feteleza pamodzi ndi zomera zodzikongoletsera.
Ruellia ali ndi njira zingapo zobereka: kugawa, mbewu, kugawanitsa chitsamba kapena kudula.
Mankhwala otchedwa Honeysuckle capillary, plumeria, zamiokulkas, mkungudza wachi China, diploadiya, bilberry, plum, koleriya, philodendron ndi phiri ash (aronia) amafalitsidwa ndi cuttings.Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito cuttings kuti azifalitsa maluwa, onetsetsani kuti sali olimba. Kenaka, ikani m'madzi pafupifupi madigiri 20 Celsius, ndipo pamene mizu ikuwoneka, mukhoza kuwabzala m'nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito miphika yochepa yomwe imayenera kudzazidwa ndi mwapadera wosakaniza peat, humus, sod ndi tsamba ladothi losakaniza.
Chiŵerengero ichi chidzakhala chabwino kwambiri kwa chiweto chanu ndipo chikupatsani zigawo zonse zofunika kuti zikule bwino. Ndi bwino kutsinula cuttings musanadzalemo. Sankhani nambala ya cuttings nokha, koma kuti mupange chomera chokongola kwambiri, tenga zidutswa zisanu. Sabata iliyonse muyenera kudyetsa ndi feteleza zamadzimadzi kuti mbeu izitha kukongola komanso zathanzi. 
Mukudziwa? Ruellia amabala mochititsa chidwi ndi cuttings. Mothandizidwa ndi kumtumikizanitsa, ndizotheka kusinthira chomera pachaka, ndipo kuchokera izi zidzangokhala bwino.Komabe, ngakhale mosamala pali mwayi wa matenda.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi matenda otheka ndi tizirombo
Ruellium imatsutsana kwambiri ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zirombo zambiri. Kawirikawiri pali kangaude, chifukwa chake zimakhala zolakwika. M'chilimwe, duwa lingakhudze whitefly. Musathamangitse mantha, pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mukhoza kusunga mosavuta chivomezi chanu. 
Ngati muli ndi kangaude, chitani zotsatirazi: Tsatikani masamba ndi madzi odzola, tulukani kanthawi ndikutsuka. Ndikofunika kuti masamba azikhala ndi nthawi yophimbidwa ndi filimu yaing'ono ya sopo ndikuchotsa mpweya kwa tizilombo. Pezani mosamala bwino chitsimecho, pukuta ndi thumba kapena malo otentha, ngati alipo. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kupanga malo otentha kwambiri, chifukwa choukira tizilombo, izi ndi zakupha.
Kuchokera ku tizilombo tingagwiritse ntchito "Aktellik". Komabe, perekani pokha pakhomo lotseguka kapena pabwalo - chidacho ndi poizoni kwambiri. Mu malo okhalamo mungagwiritse ntchito "Fitoverm". Pambuyo pokonza, yambani zovala, yambani, yambani pakamwa. Pamene kupopera mankhwala a microparticles kumatanthauza kuti ndikhoza kufika paliponse.
Ndizosangalatsanso kuwerenga za tizirombo tina, zomwe zimakhala ndi mbewu zambiri, monga: aphid, bhungwewe, granary weevil, nematodes, wireworms, kachilomboka kakang'ono ka Colorado mbatata, herme, earwig, beetle ndi slugs.Kuwonjezera pa pamwambapa, palinso mavuto ena. Anthu kawirikawiri amadzifunsa chifukwa chake mababu amatha? Izi ndi zotsatira za zinthu zosayenera zosamalira ndi kukonza. Chomeracho chimayamba kuvulaza ndikusiya kufalikira. Komabe, zokwanira kusintha zinthuzo ndi kuwonongeka kungabwezeretsedwe.
Mukapeza pa masamba a tizilombo, muyenera kuwasambitsa ndi sopo. Kenaka, pewani tizilombo, mutha kuchita chimodzimodzi mu sabata.
Kuti muteteze kukongola kwanu kwa whitefly, yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito nthiti zazingwe ngati misampha. Ngati sikukanatheka kuteteza matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito "Actellic" kapena "Fitoverm" yomwe tatchula pamwambapa. Ayenera kuchotsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.
Ngati ruellia wanu akudwala Fusarium, gwiritsani ntchito fungicides kuti muipereke. Matendawa akayamba kutembenukira chikasu, ndipo pambuyo pake amakhala bulauni. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mizu ndi zimayambira zimayamba kuvunda. Komabe, ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito nthawi, ndiye kuti zotsatira zoterezi zingapewe.
Komabe, duwa silopanda nzeru ndipo silikusowa zovuta komanso zosamalira nthawi. Olima amalonda amakonda Ruella kwambiri pofuna kulima, komanso machiritso ake odabwitsa. Kulikula pakhomo, mungagwiritsenso ntchito mankhwalawa.
Zothandiza
Mitundu yambiri yachinyengo ndi yabwino kupanga zithandizo zakumudzi. Decoction ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mphere kapena kuyabwa. Msuzi amathandiza kwambiri pochiza matenda a makutu, ndipo masamba a pansi ndi abwino kwa zilonda zam'mimba. Utsi wa utsi wochokera kumoto umatulutsa mutu, ndipo mizu imayambitsa komanso imayankhula moipa kuposa khofi.
Ndikofunikira! Musati mutengedwe nokha. Madzi ali ndi poizoni ngati saponin.Monga mukuonera, ubwino wokhala ndi mtunduwu umakula pazovuta zonse zomwe mungakumane nazo. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malamulo onse, mwinamwake maluwawo adzapweteka kapena kufa. Pogwiritsira ntchito cuttings, mungathe kufalitsa bwino mbewu ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, kupeza mankhwala opangidwa kunyumba.
