Chofunika kwa kupanikizana ndi mazira mavitamini Kurnakovsky

Apple mitengo mitundu Kurnakovskoe amabweretsa zipatso zokoma, zofunika kwambiri popanga mousses, kupanikizana, odzola, chifukwa cha pectin.

Maapulo ali ndi makhalidwe apadera komanso amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa ogula.

Zosakhwima, zamadzimadzi, zokoma ndi zowawasa kukoma kwa chipatso cha zosiyanasiyanazi sizingasiye kusiyana. Kufotokozera za zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi m'nkhaniyi.

Ndi mtundu wanji?

Apple mtengo Kurnakovskoe amatanthauza nyengo yozizira, mitundu ya tebulo.

Amadziwika ndi zokolola zambiri, winter hardiness ndi nkhanambo yopanda chitetezo.

Chitetezo cha zipatso pamakhala pafupifupi miyezi itatu ndi hafu, komabe, chimadalira yosungirako maapulo abwino:

• chofunika kwambiri kutentha - kuchokera -2 ° S mpaka + 1 ° С;
• kusungiramo mabokosi kapena matabwa;
• chinyezi chapafupi 90-95%;
• kuyesa zipatso ndi kukula ndikusankha maapulo.

Onani mitundu ina ya apulo yozizira: Stroevskoe, Sokolovskoe, Antey, Kuibyshevskoe, Lobo, Chikumbutso cha Moscow, Mwana wamkazi wa Pepinchik, Wokongola Kwambiri, Granny Smith, Cinnamon Wosweka, Antonovka Dessert, Wakale.

Kuwongolera

Mtengo wa apulo wa mtundu wa Kurnakovskoe ndi mtundu wosadzipweteka, motero mungu umayambira chifukwa cha mungu wa maluwa a apulo osiyanasiyana.

Momwemo, chomera chomera cha mitundu iwiri pamtunda wa mamita asanu kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.

Pa ntchito ya pollinator, mitundu yolamulira ikuwonetseredwa bwino. Antonovka wamba.

Tsatanetsatane wa zosiyanasiyana za Kurnakovsky

Kuwoneka kwa mitengo ya apulo kumakhala ndi kukula, kukuda kobiriwira korona ndi zipatso zofiira-zofiira-chikasu.

Kukula mofulumira, kusinkhuka mu kukula, ndi zokongola korona wa sing'anga osalimba.

Wamphamvu zigoba nthambi, mofanana ndi thunthu ili pambali ya pafupifupi pa madigiri 80.

Makungwawo ndi ofiira ndi imvi tinge, yobaya.

Mphukirayi imakhala yotentha kwambiri, imakhala yofiirira, imakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira.

Tsamba limakhala laling'ono poyerekeza ndi mitsempha yooneka bwino, dzira lopangidwa ndi dzira lopangidwa ndi nsalu, yamdima wobiriwira.

Pamwamba pa pepalayo muli mdima. Inflorescences ndi zazikulu, zopangidwa ndi 5-6 maluwa.

Maluwawo ndi oyera ndi maolivi.

Kukula kwapakati. Pamtengo sikumakula kwenikweni kukula. Kulemera kwake kwa apulo ndiko 130 magalamu

Maonekedwe a apulo ndi ozolowereka, omali-conical.

Nthitiyo ndi yofatsa. Khungu ndi lowala, osati lakuda popanda sera. Mtundu wa apulo ndi wachikasu. Gawo limodzi la magawo atatu a pamwamba pamakhala ndi hue wofiira.

Mfundo zowonongeka zimatchulidwa, zobiriwira. Thupi ndi loyera, lofiira, lopaka madzi.

Kulawa ndikokoma, kumakhala kosangalatsa, koma kumayankhula bwino. Organoleptic kuyesa chipatso Kournakovskoe zosiyanasiyana - 4.3.

Mitundu ikupanga:

Chithunzi

Mbiri yobereka

Mitundu yambiri ya apulo Kurnakovskoye anabadwira chifukwa cha obereketsa: Sedov E.N., Serova Z.M., Zhdanov V.V., ndi Dolmatov E.A..

Analandira Institute of Russian-Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops by Crossing Hybrid Varieties - Venyaminovskoe ndi Amber ndi mungu wosakaniza Mwala wamtengo wapatali ndi Kommunarki.

Mndandandawo umaphatikizidwa mu zolembera za boma mu 2002.

Kukula kwachilengedwe kudera

Mtengo wa Apple wotchedwa Kurnakovskoe wakula Central ndi Central Black Earth dera la Russia.

Komabe, zosiyanasiyana zimasinthidwa kwa ena madera a dzuŵa.

Ngati nyengo siikwanira mokwanira, ndikofunikira kuti muzisamalira bwino, komanso koposa zonse, kubzala mtengo.

Fufuzani mitundu ina ya apulo yoyenera kubzala m'deralo: Apple Spas, Antonovka Dessert, Augustus, Lobo, Chaka Chamlungu cha Moscow, Sun, Khirisimasi, Chimwemwe, Sinap kumpoto, Uspenskoe.

Pereka

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yotchuka chifukwa chokula m'minda yamtundu wambiri.

Mu fruiting kulowa m'chaka chachinayi kapena chachisanu mutatha.

Nthawi zina zimachitika patapita nthawi - zaka 7-8..

Zipatso zokolola zimagwa pakati pa mwezi wa September.

Nthawi ya ogula imatha kuyambira kumapeto kwa September mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa February.

Kukonzekera ndi kozolowereka, kokwera.

Pafupipafupi, mtengo umodzi umabweretsa mpaka 150 peresenti pa hekitala.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Zokolola ndi kukula kwa mtengo wa Kurnakovskoye apulo zipatso mwachindunji zimadalira chisamaliro. Mukamabzala mtengo pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Kusamalira mtengo wa apulo sikufuna khama kwambiri.

Kuti mtengo ukhale wolimba, wathanzi ndi wokongola, chinthu choyamba chofunikira ndi kusankha sapling yoyenera.

Ziyenera kukhala:

• ndi mizu yotukuka;
• adagula m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yomweyo;
• wachinyamata, ndiye amatha kusintha mofulumira kunthaka kumene amakula.

Mitengo ya Apple nthawi zambiri anabzala nyengo zitatu:

• autumn;
• chilimwe;
• nyengo.

Posankha mbande ndi mizu yotseguka, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha nthawi yachisanu yobzala.

Pambuyo pa kugula mbande ndi kwambiri Ndikofunika kusankha malo abwino oti mubzala mtengo wa apulo:

• gawo la dzuwa;
• kusowa mphepo;
• Malo odzala ayenera kuthiridwa bwino;
• nthaka ndi porous;
• Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito loamy kapena nthaka yamchenga;
• peŵani malo pomwe madzi akukhala pafupi ndi pamwamba;
• Gwiritsani bwino kukonza dzenje.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa kukamatera ndi kukonza mabowo.

Popeza Kurnakovskoye zosiyanasiyana ndi mtengo wamtali wamkati, ndikofunikira kukonzekera maenje ndi kukula ndi kuya kwake 0.7-0.8 mamita, pamtunda wa mamita atatu kuchokera pa mzake.

Nthaka yofulidwa yagawidwa m'magawo awiri: nthaka kuchokera pansi (tiyeni tiitane dothi nambala 1) ndi nthaka kuchokera pamtunda (dothi nambala 2).

Chitani izi:

1. Timakonza dzenje pochotsa namsongole;
2. kumasula pansi;
3. timagona nthaka nambala 2;
4. onjezerani manyowa humus, phulusa ndi feteleza mchere mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 0.8: 1 ndi kusakaniza;
5. timagona nthaka nambala 1.

Kukonzekera kwa dzenje lakutsetsereka kumatsirizika, sungani bwino mmera ndikumangiriza ku khola la nkhuni ndi chithunzi chachisanu ndi chitatu.

Timangirizidwa ku khola lomwe timagwira mtengo wa apulo kwa zaka ziwiri.

Chaka chotsatira mutabzala, m'chaka, ndikofunika kupanga korona wodula wa apulo.

Ndikofunika kudula malekezero a nthambi iliyonse, makamaka kwa zaka zoyamba kapena zisanu zoyambirira, osati kupereka apulo kuti apange zipatso (ndikofunikira kusankha 80-100% ya maluwa).

Mu chaka choyamba mu April, mitengo iyenera kuthirizidwa ndi zosakaniza zomwe zimateteza motsutsana ndi tizirombo.

Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa kawiri: pamene masamba anayamba kutupa pa nthambi ndi pamaso pa budding.

Komanso, mtengo wa apulo susowa feteleza wapadera.

Chisamaliro chapadera pa zaka zisanu zoyambirira mutabzala:

• Mitengo yamtete kuteteza makoswe ndi hares (zakuthupi - zikopa, zopota);
• mulching ndi humus pristvolnyh mabwalo;
• kukwera pansi mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita makumi awiri;
• kuthirira nthawi zonse.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitengo mitundu Kurnakovskoe amadziwika ndi mkulu kukana matenda osiyanasiyana.

Mitengo ya Apple nthawi zambiri imavutika ndi matendawa:

• zipatso zowola;
• ziphuphu zowawa.

Zipatso Zokongola - Matenda a fungal mtundu, omwe amapita pakati pa mwanayo kudzera ming'alu ndi mabala omwe analengedwa kale ndi zinyama, matalala kapena njira ina iliyonse.

Chizindikiro choyamba ndi maonekedwe a bulauni pa khungu la apulo, lomwe limakula kufikira apulo atavunda.

Ziphuphu zowawa Nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kashiamu wosakwanira m'nthaka, kuchuluka kwa feteleza zamchere, nayenso mvula yambiri, nthawi yokolola, komanso zosungiramo zosayenera.

Matendawa amadziwonetsera ngati malo oda nkhawa kwambiri ndipo amakhudza chipatso mu njira ziwiri pa mtengo komanso nthawi yosungirako.

Njira yayikulu yothandizira mitengo ya apulo imaganiziridwa kupewa matendawa.

Zambirimbiri zowonjezera zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a Kurnakovskoe apulo zosiyanasiyana:

• kupukuta kwa sulfure ndi mankhwala amkuwa;
• chiwonongeko cha zinthu zomwe zakhudzidwa;
• feteleza wa mtundu wa potashi ndi phosphorous;
• phulusa la nthaka;
• chokonza korona;
• Kudyetsa feteleza;
• Calcium klorini kupopera mbewu pa nyengo yokula;
• zokolola nthawi yake;
• Kusunga bwino maapulo (onani pamwambapa).

Zosiyanasiyana za apulo mitengo Kurnakovskoe zabwino zokolola ndipo amabweretsa zokongola zipatso ndi mkulu biological mtengo.

Phindu lalikulu la zosiyanasiyana ndiwotetezeka kwambiri ku nkhanambo ndi matenda ena a fungal.

Ndikonzekera mwakachetechete, sapling idzamera pa nthaka iliyonse. Mtengo sufuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Kupakatirana kwa matenda. Ngati kugonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo, mankhwala samasowa khama.

Zipatso zili zoyenera kudya, komanso zofunika kwambiri popanga juisi, compotes, kupanikizana, kupanikizana, odzola.

Kalasiyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama mu zipatso ndi vinyo ndi cider kupanga.

Penyani kanema pa momwe mungasinthire mtengo wa zipatso.