Mtsogoleri wa mbatata ikukula: maonekedwe ndi zosiyana siyana za kulima kalasi ya "Nevsky"

Nkhumba za Nevsky zimakonda kwambiri alimi.

Iwo adalima kulima mu nyengo zosiyanasiyana ndipo kwa zaka zoposa 30 zakhazikika bwino m'madera onse a Russian Federation. Pafupifupi kotala la minda yonse ya mbatata m'dziko lonselo amasungidwa ndi zosiyanasiyana.

Werengani m'nkhani ino tsatanetsatane wa zosiyana siyana za Nevsky, komanso zizindikiro za agrotechnical za kulima, zizindikiro ndi zowonongeka ku matenda ndi kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo.

Chiyambi

Mwini mwiniwake wa zojambulazo ndi Vsevolozhskaya breeding station, pamene 1976 zoyamba za "Nevsky" zinapezeka chifukwa chodutsa mitundu ya mbatata "Veselovskaya" ndi "Wotsatila".

Mu 1982, mitundu yosiyanasiyana idalowa mu Register of Plants yomwe inalimbikitsa kulima m'madera a Russian Federation.

Nevsky mbatata: zofotokozera zosiyanasiyana

Zosiyanasiyana ndi pakati pa mapebulo oyambirira, nthawi kuyambira nthawi ya zikamera ku boma la luso yakucha la tubers ndi masiku 70-80.

Zomwe zimakhala zokolola zosiyanasiyana ndi mazana 400-450 pa hekitala, makamaka mkhalidwe wabwino womwe ukhoza kufika mazana asanu ndi awiri pa hekitala. Tuber amakonda zabwino. Mitengo yowonjezera ili pakati pa 12% mpaka 14%.

Kuchuluka kwa starch mu tubers ya mbatata ya mitundu ina:

"Nevsky" ikhoza kukulirakulira mu nyengo zosiyanasiyana - imakhala ndi nthawi youma ndipo imakhala yosasinthasintha.

Mankhwalawa amatsutsana ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina, zomwe zimapangitsa kukolola ndi okolola mbatata. Zokolola zopangidwa ndi 90-95%. Zosiyanasiyana zimasungidwa bwino, koma tubers zimayamba kumera mofulumira. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kudziwa nthawi, kutentha ndi mavuto omwe amabwera posunga mbatata. Timaperekanso kuti tidziwe bwino zinthu zomwe zimasungidwa m'nyengo yozizira, pakhomo, muzitsulo, mufiriji, mu mawonekedwe oyeretsedwa.

Mukhoza kuyerekezera zokolola ndi kugulitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

Mitengo imakhala yobiriwira, yosakanikirana, yaying'ono, yoyimira pakati. Zimayambira bwino masamba, masamba a usinkhu wa kukula, kuwala kobiriwira ndi zofooka zochepa pamphepete. Inflorescences - yaying'ono, yopangidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera. Maluwa a maluwa ndi ochuluka, koma ochepa.

Tubers ndi oval, aligned. Tsabola ndi beige wonyezimira ndi kapangidwe kake. Maso ali ochepa, obiriwira kapena ofiirira. Chiwerengero cha tubers pa chitsamba ndi magawo 15-20. Zonsezi ndi za kukula kwake. Kulemera kwa zipatso zamalonda kumakhala pakati pa 90 ndi 130 magalamu.

Manyowa ndi obiridwa, osati madzi. Mtundu wa pakati pa tubers ndi woyera, mbatata sizimdima pamene wadula ndi kuphika.

Matenda a mbatata ndi ofooka, chifukwa chophimba katundu ndiwopanga B ndi C.

Mbatata "Nevsky" siyiyeneranso kumanga ndi kutentha. Cholinga chachikulu cha zosiyanasiyana ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito mu supu ndi saladi.

Chithunzi

Mutha kudziwa bwino mbewu za mbatata za Nevsky mu chithunzi:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Malo amakonda kwambiri mbatata "Nevsky" ndi mchenga wachonde ndi wopepuka. Amakulolani kuti mupeze zokolola zazikulu kwambiri za mbatata.

"Nevsky" kwambiri ndi otsika kutentha. Mbatata ingabzalidwe kokha ndi kuyamba kwa kutentha kotentha ndi kutenthetsa kwa nthaka osati m'munsi mwa 6-8 ° C. Ndi cholinga chomwecho, musachedwe kukolola. Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa August masamba amauma ndipo masamba amauma, mukhoza kuyamba kukumba mbatata.

Mbali ina ya zosiyanasiyana ndi yokonzekera kubzala zakuthupi. Tubers zimachitapo kanthu molakwika ndi kuswa kwa maso. Choncho, m'pofunika kuti musanayambe kubzala mbatata nthawi yopewera mphukira.

Kubzala ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kachakudya kakang'ono kolemera 50-70 magalamu. Dulani zipatso zazikulu m'maso ndi maso sizilandiridwa. Kupereka malire ndi njira iyi yobzala kungakhale 50%.

Polima, gwiritsani ntchito njira zonse za ulimi:

• chithunzi;
• mulching;
• kuthirira;
• feteleza.

Zambiri zokhudza m'mene mungapangire minda ya mbatata, komanso momwe mungachitire bwino pamene mukudzala, werengani m'nkhani yathu webusaiti yathu.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosiyana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana:

• pafupifupi osakhudzidwa ndi mavairasi X, Y, L, M ndi S;
• moyenera atengeke ndi phytophorosis wa masamba ndi tubers;
• Kulimbana ndi nkhanambo ndi khansara ya mbatata;
• palibe chitetezo chokwanira kutsutsana ndi mbatata nematode.

Timakumbukiranso nkhani zochepa zokhudzana ndi matenda akuluakulu a nightshade: alternarioz, fusarium ndi mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi.

Kulimbana ndi Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndi mphutsi zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala vuto lenileni kwa wamaluwa.

Zothandiza zothandiza mankhwala ochizira ndi mankhwala okonzekera omwe angathe kuthana ndi vutoli, mupeza m'nkhani zathu.

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Nevsky" Amakula bwino pamalima a alimi akuluakulu azaulimi komanso m'mapulaseri. Zosintha zapadera za "Nevsky" kwa zaka zoposa 30 tsopano zikulola kuti zikhale mtsogoleri pakati pa mitundu ina ya mbatata.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata. Takukonzerani zinthu zambiri zokhudza teknoloji ya Dutch, za kukula pansi pa udzu, mu mbiya, m'matumba, mabokosi, kuchokera ku mbewu.

Tikukufotokozerani kuti mudziwe mitundu ina yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kucha: