Kutanthauzira kwa pakatikati pa nyengo zosiyanasiyana mbatata "Giant"

Mbatata "Yaikulu" - mitundu yodalitsika, yotsimikizira zokolola zopitirira nthawi zonse.

Tubers ndi zazikulu komanso zabwino, zogulitsa, mafakitale processing kapena ntchito yaumwini.

Kufotokozera momveka bwino za mitundu yosiyana siyana, mawonekedwe ake a agrotechnical, machitidwe ochepa a kulima, chizoloŵezi cha matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - zonsezi ndi zina zochepa m'nkhani yathu.

Chiyambi

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana Zambiri zimawombedwa ndi Russian obereketsa. Woyambitsa - Institute of Farming Potato. Lorch. Mbatata imabweretsedwa mu boma la Russia ku 2013. Zaperekedwa ku Central, Central Black Earth, m'madera a Volga-Vyatka.

Kulima kulimbikitsidwa pa mafakitale, m'minda yamapiri ndi minda.

Mbatata "Yaikulu": mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana

Gome lalikulu pakatikati pa nyengo. Kuyambira kubzala mpaka kukolola mbewu zimadutsa kuchokera masiku 80 mpaka 100.

Zokololazo ndizitali, malingana ndi nyengo komanso zakudya zamtundu, zomwe zimakhala pakati pa 290 ndi 424 pa hekitala. Chiwerengerochi chinalembedwa zokolola - 913 zowerengeka.

Mbatata yotuta imasungidwa bwino kusunga khalidwe mpaka 97%.

Werengani zambiri za mawu ndi kutentha kwa yosungirako, za mavuto omwe angathe. Komanso za momwe mungasungire mizu m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, muzitsulo, mufiriji, mu mawonekedwe ofiira.

Pansi pa gome mukhoza kulinganitsa makhalidwe a mitundu yayikuru ndi mitundu ina yoyambirira kwambiri ndi kulemera kwamtundu wa tubers ndi khalidwe lawo losunga:

Mtsinje ndi wamtali, wowongoka, wamkati wamkati. Nthambi sizowonongeka, masamba ochepa. Masamba ndi aakulu, obiriwira, osasunthika, otsekedwa, ndi mapiri pang'ono. Chomeracho chimakhala chophatikizidwa, chophatikizidwa kuchokera ku tinthu tating'onoting'ono tofiira, maluwa ogwa mofulumira. Mizu yayamba bwino.

Zosiyanasiyana zolimbana ndi matenda ambiri oopsa: khansara ya mbatata, rhizoctoniosis, nkhanambo, yamafuta kapena makwinya, tsamba lopiringizika. Kusakanikirana kwapakati pamapeto kwa masamba ndi tubers, kungakhudzidwe ndi golidi yokhala ndi nematode.

Kudzala mlingo woyang'anira. Mbatata amakonda kuwala, nthaka yowonjezera yochokera mchenga ndi nthaka yakuda. Musanabzala akhoza kukhala ndi feteleza ndi humus, chakudya china choonjezera chimapangidwa nthawi ya maluwa. Amafuna moyenera kuthirira popanda madzi, komanso hilling ndi mapangidwe mkulu zitunda pansi pa tchire.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Mwazinthu zazikulu za mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Giant":

• chabwino kukoma kwa mbatata;
• lalikulu, ngakhale tubers;
• zokolola zabwino;
• malonda abwino kwambiri a mizu mbewu;
• zokolola zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali;
• mwakachetechete amalekerera malungo ndi chilala;
• mbewu zakuthupi sizingatheke kuwonongeka;
• kukana matenda aakulu.

Zofooka mu zosiyana sizimawoneka. Zinthuzi zikuphatikizapo zofuna za nthaka.

Mbatata samakonda chinyezi chambiri panthaka, imakula bwino pa loam lolemera.

Sikofunikira pakukula mbatata kuti iiwale za chithandizo cha fungicides, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi herbicides.

Nthawi zambiri, ntchito yawo ndi yolondola, ndipo tidzakuuzani momwe mungachitire ndi phindu.

Zizindikiro za muzu

Tubers wa mbatata "Giant" ali ndi makhalidwe otsatirawa:

• Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono timayambira 100 mpaka 140 g
• mawonekedwe ozungulira;
• khungu ndi beige, yosalala, yowala, yochepa thupi;
• maso ang'onoang'ono, osaya, ofiira, kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana ndi yaing'ono mpaka sing'anga;
• zamkati ndi zonona;
• Mtedza wokhutira ndi wokwera, kuyambira 16 mpaka 19%.

Idyani mtundu wa mbatata pamtunda. Tubers musaphike mofewa, koma khalani okoma ndi ochepa, musadetse mdima. Mbatata amaphika ndi puremu woyera mtundu puree. Mizu ya masamba imatha kudyedwa, kuphika, kupakidwa. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mafakitale, sublimated puree ndi wowuma ndi okonzeka kuchokera tubers.

Werengani zazinthu zina za mbatata:

Kodi solanine ndi yowopsa bwanji ndiwo zamasamba zobiriwira, chifukwa chiyani anthu amadya zipatso ndi madzi a mbatata?

Chithunzi

Zipatso za mitundu ya mbatata "Yaikulu" ingapezeke mu chithunzi:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Pakuti kubzala amasankhidwa ngakhale sing'anga-kakulidwe tubers, osati kuonongeka ndi tizirombo. Mbewu imasankhidwa, kuyendetsedwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Masabata 4 musanadzalemo, tubers amaikidwa kuti amere.

Mbatata amakonda nthaka yochepa mchenga, komanso nthaka yakuda yopanda ndale kapena yopanda mphamvu. Dothi losavuta kwambiri likhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi mandimu kapena pulasitala, chifukwa chosewera aliyense amafunika makilogalamu 20. Pa katundu wolemera loam zimachepa.

Poonjezera zokolola ndikupewa matenda, ndibwino kuti tizitsatila mbatata m'minda yomwe yakhala ndi manyowa: lupine, phacelia, radish mafuta. Malo okonzeka kukula kwa nyemba, kabichi, ndi kaloti adzachitanso. Kuonjezera zakudya zamtengo wapatali, humus, peat, ndi phulusa la nkhuni zimawonjezedwa kunthaka.

Dothi la sandy liyenera kudyetsedwa ndi manyowa akale, omwe amathandiza kwambiri pa zokolola. N'zotheka kudyetsa mchere pogwiritsa ntchito phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a nitrojeni sangakhale, nsonga zidzakhala zobiriwira, ndipo tubers ziyamba kufooka.

Masiku 10 asanakolole foliar kuvala n'zotheka.. Zitsamba zimaphatikizidwa kwambiri ndi njira yochuluka ya superphosphate. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.

Mbatata imalekerera pang'ono kuchepa kwa chinyezi, koma chilala chimakhala choyipa kwa iye. Mu chikhalidwe cha yotentha chilimwe ndikofunikira kukonza kuyamwa ulimi wothirira kapena kuwaza. Nthawi zambiri, kubzala kumathiridwa ndi dzanja, ndi dothi limanyowa ndi 50 cm.

Kwa nyengoyi, tchire amafunika kuwirikiza kawiri, kupanga mapiri okwera ndi kuchotsa namsongole. Zimakhudzidwa bwino ndi kuyika kwadothi ndi udzu kapena udzu, kumateteza kubzala ndi tizirombo. Kuphatikizana kumalimbikitsa makamaka dothi la mchenga m'madera otentha.

Kukolola kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula, patatha miyezi itatu mutabzala. Mlungu umodzi musanagule, muyenera kudula pamwamba pa tchire kuti musasokoneze ndi tubers kuti mupeze zinthu zothandiza ndikulemera. Mbatata yokololedwa imayikidwa kuti yame pamphepete, mvula yamvula, mbewu imatha kuchotsedwa pansi pa denga. Mbatata ya mbewu imasankhidwa ndikusungidwa mosiyana.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Alternaria

Mwina kugonjetsedwa ndi golide nematode. Kulimbana ndi vuto lochedwa kwambiri ndilopakati, panthawi ya miliri zimalimbikitsa kupopera tchire ndi zokonzekera zamkuwa.

Werenganinso za Alternaria, fusarium, kupukuta kwa mbatata.

Ngati tikulankhula za tizirombo, ndiye kuti nthawi yobzala mbatata imayesedwa ndi kachilomboka ka mbatata ya Colorado ndi mphutsi zake, njuchi za uchi, minda ya udzu ndi mbatata.

Njira zolimbana nazo zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri komanso zothandiza kwambiri.:

1. Mmene mungachotsere wireworm m'munda.
2. Mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe amatsutsana ndi mbatata ya Colorado mbatata:
   • Aktara.
   • Regent
   • Corado.
   • Kutchuka.
3. Ammonia ndi chemistry, komanso njira zowononga Medvedka.
4. Kodi kuchotsa njenjete ya mbatata?

Kuti mukhale otetezeka kwambiri, muyenera kukonzekera bwino nthaka musanadzalemo, posankha mmenemo zotsalira za zomera. Pankhani ya kuipitsidwa, chomera chimachizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa mafakitale kapena mankhwala osakanikirana. Pre-mbewu kuvala tubers amapulumutsa ku wireworm.

Mbatata "Yaikulu" - wachinyamatayi, koma kale ndi osiyanasiyana. Tubers ali ndi kukoma kokoma, amasungidwa bwino, sakhala otsika kwa nthawi yaitali. Mbatata imabzalidwa m'minda yamakampani kapena m'nyumba zapadera, ndizodzichepetsa komanso zonse.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata. Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi zipangizo zamakono zatsopano za ku Dutch ndi kupeza mbewu popanda kupalira ndi kuyendayenda, kukulira mitundu yoyambirira, njira pansi pa udzu, mu mbiya, m'matumba, mabokosi.

Timalangizanso kuti mudzidziwe bwino ndi mitundu ya mbatata yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: