Kuswa kaloti m'munda. Nanga, ndi liti komanso momwe mungapezere mizu ya muzu?

Kukula kaloti ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yovuta. Pofuna kukolola bwino, wamaluwa amafunika kufesa mbeu, kuti asamalire bwino mbewu.

Kaloti - capricious masamba. Pambuyo pofesa, mphukira imakula mosagwirizana, ndikupanga mawanga wandiweyani pabedi la munda. Pankhani ya zochitika zoterezi, m'pofunika kuchepetsa karoti m'nthawi, ndipo ziyenera kuchitidwa molondola kuti zisamawononge masamba. Momwe mungachitire bwino, kuti musamawononge masamba, tidzakambilana pamapeto pake.

Ndi chiyani ndipo ndi chosiyana bwanji ndi kupalira mbewu?

Ambiri wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito mbeu za karoti m'magulu a kubzala, zomwe amagula m'masitolo. Mbeu zoterozo zimabzalidwa mochuluka, monga zinyalala zina sizikula bwino.

Mphukira zowonjezereka zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikhale zochepa, monga zomera zimasokonezana wina ndi mzake panthawi ya kukula, kumenyera zofunikira zowonjezera ndi kufufuza zinthu. Mizu idzakhala yaying'ono, osati yosalala, yotumbululuka komanso yosakoma.

Nkofunika kusasokoneza ndondomekoyi - kupukuta ndi kupalira.

• Kupukuta kaloti - ndondomeko yowonongeka kawirikawiri zowonjezera zowonjezereka chifukwa cha mphukira zakuda. Ikuchitika kuti upeze ngakhale, lalikulu ndi chokoma mizu mbewu. Mukamapyola mbande m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono.
• Kupalira - njira yochotsa namsongole, wamkulu wothira ndi kaloti m'munda. Namsongole amafunika kuchotsedwa ndi dzanja, kuti asamawononge mndandanda wa masamba a pafupi. Nthawi zambiri kupalira mmimba kumadalira kukula kwa namsongole m'munda.

Chithunzi

Kenako mukhoza kuona chithunzi cha thinned karoti.

Mbewu za Mbewu

Pafupifupi mbewu zonse zimakhala bwino. Pambuyo kufesa, mbande zimere mosalekeza.. Mbali ina ya mabedi imatha kukhala mphukira imodzi, inayi - yowonjezera mphamvu ya mphukira. Zifukwa za kuphulika kosafesedwa kwa mbewu ndi kukula kwazitsamba ndi izi:

• Mbewu zinafesedwa mwadongosolo.
• Kukula kosavuta kwa mbeu ndi mphamvu yolimba.
• Kuwoneka kwa dothi lalikulu lamtunda pamwamba pa mabedi atatha kuthirira nthawi yobzala.

Miyezi

Mbewu zimapangidwira nyengo yonse yokula osati kawiri. Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa pambuyo pakuonekera kwa masamba awiri oyambirira. Panthawiyi, zachilendo zachilengedwe za landings zili kale. Ndikoyenera kuti mukhale ochepa mu nthawi, chifukwa panthawi ya kukula mizu ingagwirizane. Izi zingachititse kuti zikhale zovuta kupyola mphukira zina. Njirayi ikuchitika mu magawo awiri:

1. Kuyamba koyamba Mbewu imatha masabata 4-5 mutatha kubzala mbewu. Mbande ziyenera kukhala patali wa 1.5 - 3 masentimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.
2. Yachiwiri - masiku 21-28 mutatha kuchotsedwa koyamba kwa zowonjezera. Panthawi imeneyi, ofooka ndi makulidwe mbande amachotsedwa. Muyenera kusiya zomera ndi masamba 4-6.

Zifukwa za mphukira zakuda

Mphukira yochuluka imera chifukwa cha izi::

• Anagula mbewu zosasunthika zabwino. Iwo ali ndi kumera bwino.
• Mbewu zafesedwa pamtunda woyenera, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kumera kwa muzu.
• Kubzala kunkachitika mwa njira yosavuta - kufesa kwa mbeu zambiri mu dongosolo lokhazikika.
• Zosangalatsa nyengo zofika.

Kodi mungachite bwanji?

Pofuna kutayirira bwino karoti mbande, wamaluwa ayenera kudziwa teknoloji yopyola mbande ndi ndondomekoyi: ngati kuli koyenera kuchiza mbeuyo asanayambe kupatulira komanso kuti ndiyiti, ndi mtunda wotani pakati pawo mutachotsa zochuluka ndi zina zambiri. Choncho, ndondomekoyi ikuchitika m'mawa kwambiri. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa.. Pachifukwachi, mabedi amamwetsedweratu kuti madzi asungidwe mu nthaka. Dothi lapansi lidzapangitsa kuchotsa mbande zochulukirapo.

Mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo otsatirawa:

1. Nthaka ya nthaka imayambitsidwa ndi mfuti kapena sprayer.
2. Zomera zimachiritsidwa ndi njira zomwe zimawopsyeza karoti kukuuluka. Mukadutsa, fungo la mafuta a karoti amafalikira ndipo pali chiopsezo chokopa tizilombo tizilombo.
3. Siyani kusiyana pakati pa mbande 2-3 masentimita.
4. Pang'onopang'ono mutulutse zomera zofooka. Chotsani namsongole pabedi.
5. Zomera zimachotsedwa mosamala, pamalo oongoka kuti zisamawononge mbewu zakukula.
6. Pambuyo pochotsa zowonjezera ndi zofooka, mbande ziyenera kukonzedwa kachiwiri. Muyenera kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda, kutentha kumene kuli madigiri 18-20 pa mlingo wa 2-3 malita pa 1 mita imodzi.
7. Dothi lomasuka limakhala lopangidwa pang'ono kuti tizilombo tisathe kuika mazira m'nthaka.
8. Sulani pansi pakati pa mizere.

Kachiwiri kuchotsedwa kwa zitsamba zazomera ndi zofooka zimapangidwa motsatira malangizo omwewo, kusiya kusiyana pakati pa zomera 6 ndi 7 masentimita. Pambuyo pa njira zonsezi, zotsalira zonse zamasamba ziyenera kuchotsedwa kuti zisakope tizilombo towuluka ndi karoti fungo.

Pali njira zotsatirazi kuti mwamsanga muzuke muzu.:

• Kutsindika buku. Kutsitsa mizu ya Buku si njira yabwino kwambiri. Kuopsa kwa chomera choyandikana nacho ndi mizu yake ndipamwamba kwambiri.

  Choncho, sizingatheke kudula mzuwo kwathunthu ndipo gawo lake lochepa likhoza kukhala pansi. Izi zimakhala makamaka pamene akuchepetsanso, pamene zomera zatha kale mphamvu ndipo mizu yawo imakhazikika pansi.

• Manyowa ntchito. Imeneyi ndi njira yochepetsera mphukira ndi mamba wamba, kusiya mtunda wa masentimita 4 pakati pa mbande pamunda wokhazikika pambuyo pa kudula. Mmene mungagwiritsire ntchito lumo pofuna kupatulira: tengani lumo ndikudula masamba pansi pazu, ndikusiya mizu pansi.

  Koma akatswiri samalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonda: mizu yotsala pansi idzayamba kuvunda ndi kuwonongeka, kukhala magwero a matenda, makamaka nkhuku. Mitengo yotsalira kuti ikule mbewu zazuzi imakhala ndi kachilombo kosavuta. Chifukwa chake, mukhoza kupita popanda mbewu.

• Kugwiritsira ntchito zokolola m'munda. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zowonongeka m'munda, mukhoza kugwira mitengo ikuluikulu. Njirayi ndi yochulukirapo, monga nkofunikira kusamala pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi chida ndikusawononga chomera chikukula pafupi.
• Yesani kuchotsa mizu ya mpeni. Olima amadzidzidzi amachitcha njira yopopera ndi mpeni "agogo aakazi." Mpeni umalowa m'nthaka ndi masentimita 2-3 ndikudula mphukira zingapo nthawi yomweyo. Ndi kuponda kotereku kuli pangozi yowononga mizu yomwe ikukula pafupi nayo. Zida zothandizira aliyense wamaluwa amasankha payekha.

Amaluwa ambiri amatha kupyola kaloti ndi dzanja. M'mawu ake, aliyense amasankha yekha njira yopangira njirayi.

Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani pambuyo popatulira?

Kupukuta kopanda kaloti sikusagwirizane ndi sayansi ndi ndondomeko yakuchotsa zozizira ndi zofooka panthawi yoyamba ndi yachiwiri yopatulira. Kupweteka kwa mbande kumabweretsa zotsatira zotsatirazi:

• Mizu yokula ikuwonongeka ndipo ikhoza kuvunda.
• Pa mizu zikuwoneka zosafunikira.
• Mphukira yowononga imafookera ndipo imakhala yovuta matenda osiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa cha kupopera kosayenera, mukhoza kupeza mbewu "zovuta" kapena kusiya mbewu, nchifukwa chake ndikofunika kuti musamalidwe bwino pamunda mutatha njirayi.

Kodi n'zotheka kudzala nyemba zowera pansi ndipo nkoyenera kubzala?

Ambiri wamaluwa ali ndi chidwi ndi funso lotero: kodi n'zotheka kudzala karoti mbande pambuyo kupatulira? Inde, mphukira zakutali zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mbande ndi kuziika kumalo komwe kaloti sabala. Poyenera kumuika bwino mbande pa kupatulira, zimalimbikitsanso kutsatira malangizo awa:

1. Mutapyola muzitsulo muyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi.
2. Sankhani zomera zowonongeka ndi mizu yolimba.
3. Chomeracho chimadulidwa pang'ono. Siyani phulusa la masentimita 7 mpaka 10, choncho zomera zimapulumuka bwino.
4. Mukadzala, muzu uyenera kulowa m'nthaka kwathunthu.
5. Mtunda pakati pa tchire liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 10.

Pankhani ya kusakaniza pambuyo popatulira pali mwayi woti mbewu zisatenge zonse. Zaloti zazuzu zimatha kumakhala ndi masamba osalimba komanso ochepa.. Kugwirizana ndi malamulo onse ndi matekinoloje a kupukuta kaloti ndikulonjeza mbewu zabwino ndi zazikulu kwa wamaluwa.

Pofuna kupewa kupatulira, wamaluwa odziwa ntchito amagwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono zofesa mbewu ndikuchotsa mwamsanga mbande. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito njira zotsatirazi zobzala kaloti:

• tepi
• mu trays mazira;
• Sakanizani mbewu ndi mchenga wouma ndi zina zambiri.

Ziribe kanthu kuti mwini munda amadzifunira yekha kuti, kuti apeze zokolola zabwino, nkofunikanso kufesa ndi kuthirira nthaka asanadzalemo.