Nyongolotsi ndizovuta kwambiri m'munda wa nkhumba zomwe zingayambitse matenda aakulu. Kutenga kwa munthu mmodzi yekha kungapangitse anthu onse kuwonongeka. Mmene mungadziwire kuti chinyama chili ndi mavitamini komanso momwe mungayendetsere bwino, ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa nkhumba zili ndi mphutsi
Ng'ombe zam'nyumba nthawi zina zimakhala zowawa za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuwombera kwa nkhanza kumachitika pazochitika zoterezi:
- chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi onyansa;
- mutayendayenda mumera momwe mphutsi za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimakhala;
- Kukumba pansi ndi kumapeto kwa nkhono ndikudya zina zambiri, nkhumba imapangira mazira a helminth mu thupi lake (pambuyo poyembekezera zinthu zabwino, mphutsi zimabereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphutsi ziwonekere);
- kudzera mu ziweto za gulu la nkhuku;
- chikhocho chingatenge kachilombo ka mkaka wa mkazi yemwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV.
Mukudziwa? Patsiku nkhumba imatha kumwa madzi okwanira 14 malita.
Mitundu ya nkhanza
Nazi mitundu ya mphutsi zomwe zimapezeka mu thupi la nkhumba:
- Chipwitikizi chozungulira - mitundu yofala kwambiri yomwe ziweto zimavutika padziko lonse lapansi. Kutalika kwa kutalika kwa majeremusiwa ndi 30-35 masentimita. Mkazi wamkulu wamkulu wa mitundu iyi amatha kuika mazira 200,000 mu zamoyo zamoyo.
- Nematodes (zamoyo zam'mimba) - mitundu yomwe imakhudza matumbo okha, komanso ziwalo zina zamkati (chiwindi, impso, mapapo). Kutalika kumasiyanasiyana ndi 1 mm kufika mamita angapo. Mayi wina amakhala ndi mazira zikwi zingapo.
- Trematodes - mphutsi mpaka mamita 15 cm, kuyamwa magazi a nyama. Pokhala ndi kachilomboka, nkhumbayi imadwala ndi trematodosis.
- Cestodes - Mbozi zoopsa zimafika mamita angapo m'litali. Amamatirira ziwalo zamkati ndikusankha zonse zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri pa chakudya chomwe amadyetsa ndi ng'ombe.
- Sakani - majeremusi omwe amachititsa matenda otchedwa arkantotsefalez mu artioptera. Kutalika kwake kumasiyanasiyana ndi 3-4 mm mpaka masentimita 70.
Momwe mungapezere ngati nkhumba zili ndi mphutsi
Musanayambe kulandira chithandizo ndi cholinga chochotsa mphutsi, onetsetsani kuti mphutsi za parasitic zilipo mu thupi la mchere.
Kutenga ndi mphutsi kumawonetseredwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- chinyama chimadya pang'ono kapena kutayika chidwi mu chakudya;
- boar mofulumira kuchepa;
- Nthawi zina amangofuna kudya, koma nyama imakhala yolemera;
- njala yowonjezereka;
- maonekedwe a chifuwa chowuma ndi kuwomba;
- malungo;
- kusowa ntchito;
- munthuyo ayamba kunjenjemera;
- kudzikweza (kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka, kusanza);
- khalidwe la mantha, kuwonjezeka kwaukali, kukana kulumikizana ndi gulu lodziwika.
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba ya nkhumba imatha kukula kwa ma decibel 115. Chiwerengerochi chikuposa katatu kuposa ndege yapamwamba.
Helminthiasis ndi owopsa chifukwa choyamba alimi, chifukwa cha kusadziŵa zambiri, nthawi zambiri amatenga zizindikiro zake zoyamba kuzizira, ndipo m'malo mwa antihelminthic therapy, amapereka mankhwala a chimfine ku chimfine. Kufanana kwa zizindikiro ndi chifukwa chakuti mazira atayikidwa ndi azimayi amasunthira kumbali ya nasopharynx ndi mmero. Zomwe zimapezeka bwino, zimapereka nthawi ya tizilombo kuti tibadwe m'thupi lonse, motero, chithandizo cha matenda ndi choletsedwa kwambiri.
Momwe mungaperekere nyongolotsi mu nkhumba ndi nkhumba
Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane za funso la momwe mungathandizire munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo.
Mankhwala
Kuti mwamsanga ndikuthetsere mavuto omwe anakudutsitsani modabwitsa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala otsogolera:
- Levamisole - njira yabwino yothetsera jekeseni. Mlingo wapamwamba womwe umaperekedwa kwa chinyama sayenera kupitirira 20 ml.
- "Gigrovetin" - mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a zowonjezera ku chakudya. Ntchito yovomerezeka mu mitundu yowuma, yophika ndi yowonjezera.
- "Alben" - mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Piritsi imayamwa kamodzi pakamwa pa munthu wodwala kapena wodwala. Amayambitsanso kusakaniza mankhwalawa ndi chakudya chokwanira.
- "Tetramizole" - mankhwala monga mawonekedwe a ufa kapena granules, amamenyana bwino ndi ascariasis, metastrongylosis, esophagostomosis ndi trichocephalosis.
- "Ivermek" - kukonzekera zachipatala monga njira yothetsera jekeseni wa m'mimba. Kwa nkhumba mankhwala awa a mphutsi amalembedwa pokhapokha atafufuza ndi katswiri. Mlingowo umadziwika mozama chifukwa cha vutoli komanso kulemera kwake kwa nyama.
Ndikofunikira! Veterinarian yekha amakhoza kudziwa ngati nkhumba iyenera kupatsidwa mankhwala. Kuwonjezera apo, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse, yang'anani mosamala malangizo oti mugwiritse ntchito.
Mankhwala a anthu
Mankhwala amitsamba ndi ofewa kwambiri kwa thupi.
Yesetsani kuthetsa vutoli ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe awa:
- Onjezani adyo watsopano kudyetsa. Chomerachi chiyenera kutayidwa, monga nkhumba sizidya chakudya chakuthwa - ndikutenga 1 g ya kulemera kwa nyama ya adyo 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwake kwa nyama. Dulani mankhwala, sakanizani bwino ndi chakudya. Kumbukirani kuti zitenga nthawi yaitali kuti zithetse nyama ndi mankhwala achilengedwe.
- Zonse chilimwe, tiyeni ng'ombe tansy maluwa. Njira zimayenerera nkhumba zopitirira 30 makilogalamu. Mchere wochepa wouma (supuni 1) ukhoza kusakanizidwa ndi chakudya cham'mawa kapena madzi nyamayo ndi decoction yofooka ya maluwa. Kutalika kwa mankhwala kumadalira nthawi yomwe tizilombo timachoka.
Kuteteza nkhumba ku mphutsi
Pa nthawi yoyamba, zizindikiro za matendawa zimakhala zofewa.
Pochepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV, chitani choletsa kupewa:
- Sambani zolembera kamodzi patsiku ndikuzisakaniza kawiri pa sabata. Nthawi zonse perekani zolembera ndi mandimu ndikutsuka ndi mankhwala oledzeretsa.
- Sintha nsalu tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Musanayambe kudyetsa ndondomeko, yeretsani odyetsa kuchokera ku zowonongeka ndi chakudya.
- Pakadutsa masiku khumi, gwiritsani ntchito mbale zodyera ndi zakumwa zamadzi ndi madzi otentha.
- Kugula nkhumba kuchokera kwa osadziwika osadziwika komanso osadziwika, awapatse "mphutsi" ya mphutsi. Pamapeto pake, nyama zikhoza kuikidwa m'khola. Koma patadutsa mwezi ndi hafu kugwedezeka kumafunika kubwerezedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Poyeretsa nkhumbazo zimayang'anitsanso zitsulo kuti zikhalepo - mphutsi ndizowonekeratu, zimavuta kuphonya. Matendawa amatha kuteteza mask ndi zovala, chifukwa nyongolotsi za nkhumba zimatha kupatsira anthu. Manyowawa amawotchedwa, sungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chovala chokwera kwa zomera.
Kodi n'zotheka kupha ndi kudya nyama
Nyama ya nkhumba yomwe imatetezedwa ndi yoyenera kubzala. Ngati kupezeka kwa nyongolotsi za parasitic kunadziwika pakupha nyama, nyamayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Nthaŵi zina, mtembowo umadya pang'ono, koma ziwalo zamkati zimawonongedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pambuyo pa mitundu ina ya mphutsi zamkati, zangokwanira kuti azichita chithandizo chowonjezereka cha kutentha kwa mtembo. Katswiri yekha angathandize kudziwa mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Anthu omwe sanapange chithandizo chokonzekera ndi zowonongeka kuchokera kuzinthu zosavomerezeka amaletsedwa kugulitsa. Asanagulitse nkhumba, ziweto ziyenera kupeza chizindikiritso chochokera kuchipatala chomwe chimatsimikizira kufunika kwa nyama. Zizindikiro zirizonse za helminth matenda ndi chifukwa chokhazikitsa zoletsera pa malonda.
Werengani momwe matenda ena aliri mu nkhumba zoweta.
Tikuyembekeza kuti uphungu wathu udzakuthandizani mu bizinesi ya nkhumba ndipo simudzakhalanso ndi funso la zomwe mungapereke mukamazindikira nyongolotsi ng'ombe. Yang'anani mosamala zinyama, khalidwe lawo, ndipo ngati mupeza tizilombo, yambani kuyamba mankhwala. Ngati zochitika zomwe mwasankha sizithandizira mimba, komanso ngati matendawa akuipiraipira, m'pofunikanso kuonana ndi veterinarian.
