Duwa la Brunner ndi mtengo wokongola wofatsa womwe udagulitsa alimi a maluwa mosavala komanso mawonekedwe okongola. Chikhalidwe ichi, chifukwa chokongoletsa, nthawi yayitali chimakhala chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'maluwa ndi mitundu yosakanikirana, chimakhala chokongoletsera m'munda ndikuthandizira mawonekedwe aliwonse.
Kufotokozera kwa Brunners
Duwa la Brunner (mu Chilatini - Brunnera) ndi masamba osatha. Chikhalidwecho chimatchulidwa pambuyo paulendo waku Swiss komanso katswiri wazomera wa zakuthambo S. Brunner, yemwe adazipeza mu 1831 akuyenda ku Crimea. Kuthengo, Brunner ndiofala ku Caucasus, Siberia, ndi Altai. Wogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri popanga zokongoletsera zamaluwa kuti apange mawonekedwe otsetsereka, okhala ndi mabedi amaluwa.
Duwa la Brunner
Brunner amadziwika kuti ndi munthu wabodza yemwe samandiyiwala, si Brunner yemwe amandiiwala- ayi, Achijeremani amamucha kuti Caucasian saiwala- ayi. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa maluwa amenewa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi kuyiwala-osati-masamba akulu: ofewa buluu, ang'ono (pafupifupi 0.7 masentimita). Pakatikati pa Brunners, mosiyana ndi kundiiwalako, si wachikaso, koma yoyera. Maluwa amatenga tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pamwamba pa chitsamba choyera mpaka 50 cm.
Mizu yake imapangidwa bwino, nthambi, imayandikira pafupi ndi pamwamba. Masamba ndi akulu, oumbika mtima, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Imani mitundu yosiyanasiyana: wobiriwira wowala, wokhala ndi mkombero woyera, kangaude wa siliva. Ndi masamba omwe ali ndi mtengo waukulu wokongoletsera pamafotokozedwe a opangawo, amasunganso mawonekedwe okongola nthawi yonseyo: kuyambira koyambirira kwamasika kukafika kumapeto woyamba. Nthawi ya maluwa ndi kutha kwa nthawi ya masika - kuyamba kwa chilimwe. Pali nthawi zina zotumphukira mozama.
Chomera cha Brunner - osatha, chimatha kukula m'malo amodzi popanda kupatsirana ndikugawana mpaka zaka 15. Imalekerera kutentha pang'ono, imakula bwino m'malo otentha.
Kuphatikiza kwa brunners m'munda wamaluwa
Mitundu ndi mitundu yama brunners
Pali mitundu itatu yokha yamakhalidwe: tsamba lalikulu la Brunner, Siberian ndi kum'mawa. Mitundu iwiri yoyambirira imalimidwa mu ulimi wamaluwa - wakumbali wakum'mawa sakusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe, m'malo mwake osakonzekera komanso osapatsa chidwi.
Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya apolisi:
- Onani za brunner wa ku Siberia (brunnera sibirica). Malo okhala amafanana ndi dzinali - Kum'mawa ndi Kumadzulo kwa Siberia. Amakhala ngati tchire zazikulu, 40 cm, maluwa otambalala amafika 60 cm. Amakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu, kotero imakula mwachangu, ndikupanga chopondera pamtunda, namsongole samaphuka (ichi ndi chophatikizira chachikulu popanga mabedi a maluwa a kukula kwakukulu). Pakulima, imayamikiridwa ndi masamba obiriwira a masamba ndi kukongola kwa maluwa; kumatha mwezi wopitilira. Mtengowo utaphukira, inflorescence ndikuchoka. Pamapeto kwa chilimwe, masamba atsopano amawoneka. Mtunduwu umakonda malo onyowa.
Malangizo. Siberian Brunner ndi chomera chokhazikika komanso chamtopola, chomwe chimatha kukula kwakanthawi kochepa kupitirira gawo lalikulu, ndikumapanikiza mbewu zina. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzale m'malo omwe simulima.
Siberiaan Brunner
- Lembani zazikuluzikulu. Kwawo kwachikhalidwe ichi ndi Caucasus. Brunner-tsamba lalikulu limadziwika ndi kuphatikizika kwa tchire - mpaka theka la mita kutalika ndi mulifupi. Imagwira mawonekedwe ake ndi utoto wake bwino nyengo yonseyo, ndipo imakhala yamtengo wapatali chifukwa chokongoletsa komanso mawonekedwe ake apakale.
Brunner bigleaf
Mitundu yotchuka ya Brunner macrophylla brunnera macrophylla ndi:
- Brunner tasgated (Variegata). Duwa lokongola kwambiri limakhala ndi masamba owala okhala ndi maziko obiriwira obiriwira, oyera kapena amchere a kirimu. Brunner variegate amakonda malo amisomali, padzuwa amatha kusiya masamba. Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe dzuwa limawonekera, kuwala kwa mbeuyo kumayamba kuwala.
Brunner wambiri
- Alexander Great (Majness of Alexander). Brunner adadulidwa ndi woweta waku Belarus Alexander Zuykevich, wodziwika ndi masamba akulu kwambiri owoneka ndi mtima wokhala ndi kangaude wopanda siliva.
- Jack Frost Zosiyanasiyana ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, chifukwa cha masamba okongola okhala ndi siliva ndi mitsempha yobiriwira, osinthika bwino kukhala magawo obiriwira. Mbewuyo imakonda chinyezi, itha kubzalidwe m'malo omwe madzi amayenda mosalekeza.
- A Morse. Mitundu yoyambirira yamaluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi masamba asiliva. Zowunikira zazikulu sizobiriwira, koma zoyera zonona, maluwa akuluakulu.
Mitundu ina ya opangira ziboliboli imadziwikanso motengera: Magalasi okhala ndi masamba (ndi fumbi lasiliva pamasamba), Mafumu R dipo (masamba amtundu wonyezimira), Millenium Zilber (pali malo oyera ambiri pamtunda wobiriwira).
Kuyendetsa Mabizinesi Potseguka
Kubzala ndi kusamalira Brunner poyera sikungakhale kovuta ngakhale kwa alimi oyambira kumene, ngati mutsatira malamulo ochepa.
Nthawi yakutera
Nthawi yoyenera kubzala brunners ndi Julayi-Ogasiti (mbewu itatha). Chikhalidwe sichigwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu pakuyenda maluwa ndi kukula, komabe chiri ndi zinthu zokwanira kusintha ndikusintha chitukuko.
Malangizo. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndikasendeza maluwa mchaka - panthawiyi Brunner amakonda kwambiri kusintha, amatha kudwala matenda kapena tizirombo.
Kuika ndiye bwino kumachita madzulo kapena thambo, kukuzizira.
Malo okula
Chiwembu chakukula chimasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa aziphuphu. Brunner waku Siberia amakonda dothi lolemera, lomwe limakhala lalikulu - lotayirira kwambiri. Chikhalidwe chimakula bwino m'malo otetemera, dzuwa limawuma. Itha kumera m'malo otentha, ngati pali dziwe pafupi. Ngati malo obzala ali mthunzi wowuma, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imataya kukongoletsa kwake, imapanga unyinji wobiriwira, ilibe nthawi yokonzekera yozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, Brunner salekerera kukonzekera, ndibwino kuti mubzale m'gawo lotetezedwa ndi mphepo.
Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera
Kufika ndi kusamalira kwa Brunner zitha kusiyanitsidwa m'magawo akuluakulu:
- Masamba ndi ma peduncles amalidula mpaka mulifupi wa 1 cm pamtunda.
- Kukumba mosamala chitsamba pamodzi ndi nthangala.
- Mizu imatsukidwa pansi pamadzi.
- Malo owonongeka amachotsedwa.
- Muzu wagawika mzere wolowa (ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti impso imodzi ili mgawowo).
- Nthaka imakimbidwa, mochuluka kwambiri.
- Zitsime zokhala ndi kuya kwa 3-4 masentimita zimakonzedwa motalikirana ndi 25-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Delenki obzalidwa m'maenje, owazidwa ndi dothi, osapunthidwa pang'ono, amathiridwa madzi ambiri.
Zofunika! Onetsetsani kuti nthawi yodzala mmera sitalowa pansi - khosi la muzu liyenera kutsegulidwa, apo ayi mbewuyo idzavunda.
Kubala opereka ndalama
Kufalitsa kwa brunner ndikotheka m'njira ziwiri: ndi mbeu komanso kugawa chitsamba:
- Kufalikira kwa mbewu. Njira yabwino komanso yayitali. Mbewu zipsa mu Julayi, zimayenera kusungidwa ndi kufesedwa kumapeto kwa yophukira. Pakubzala kwa masika, ndikofunikira kuchita stratation ya mbewu (sitolo pamoto wotsika) kwa miyezi 3-4. Wobzala podzibzala nthawi zambiri amapezeka, koma mphukira zazing'ono nthawi zambiri sizitha kukula bwino.
- Kufalitsa kwamasamba (kugawikana kwa thengo). Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri kuti mukule. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka, yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, yopanga zipatso, imangobala zipatso zokha. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, masamba ophukira amayikidwa chaka chamawa - iyi ndi nthawi yabwino yogawa chitsamba.
Malangizo. Panthawi yogawa nthangala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi malo omwe adulidwa ndi kaboni wokhazikitsidwa - izi zimachotsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
Kubala opereka ndalama
Chisamaliro cha Brunner
Kuyiwalika-osati Brunner ndi chomera chosasangalatsa, chomwe sichifunikira kusamalidwa.
Njira yothirira
Brunner amafunika kuthirira kokha mutabzala komanso nthawi yotentha, chilala. Nthawi yotsalayo yomwe chomera chimakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, chimadziunjikira bwino michere mothandizidwa ndi mizu ndi masamba.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Brunner kwenikweni safuna feteleza owonjezera ndi mavalidwe apamwamba, makamaka mitundu ya ku Siberia. Kwa mitundu yokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu, kompositi kapena humus amathanso kuwonjezeranso dothi kumayambiriro kwa masika. Zamoyo zimathandizira pakupanga mizu, kulimbitsa mbewu. Masamba amakula, mtundu wake ndi wowala, wowonekera bwino.
Pa maluwa
Chithandizo chokhacho chomwe chitha kuthandizira pachikhalidwe chake ndikuyala. Izi zimagwira ntchito kwa brunners yotakata - imakula pang'onopang'ono, osati mwamphamvu. Mitundu ya ku Siberia sifunikira kuchotsa maudzu.
Zofunika! Simungathe kumasula dothi pafupi ndi chitsamba - mizu yake imakhala pafupi ndi nthaka, imawonongeka mosavuta.
Panthawi yopuma
Kumapeto kwa gawo la maluwa, ma peduncle owuma ndi malo owonongeka amachotsedwa. Ngati dzinja litakhala lotentha, mulching ndi utuchi umachitika. Masamba a abale achi Siberia owuma pakatikati pa chilimwe, ayenera kudulidwa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yowoneka bwino masamba asanaonekere.
Masamba owuma
Zosangalatsa. Brunner samakonda kugonjera matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Koma mvula yamvula yotentha ndi matenda a fungal ndiyotheka: ndi powdery mildew, bulauni mawanga. Bordeaux osakaniza ndi phytosporin atha kukupulumutsirani.
Matenda a brunner
Kukonzekera yozizira
Pamapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, muyenera kuchotsa masamba pachitsamba (iwowo sangathe kugwa) kutalika kwa 10 cm kuchokera pansi. Brunner ndi Hardy-Hardy, safuna pogona pena pomwe. Kuti zitetezedwe bwino, mbewuyo imatha kuunjikidwa ndi humus, masamba agwa kapena utuchi.
Ophatikiza Ophatikiza
Brunner idzakhala chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri kumapiri a kumapiri, misewu, mabedi a maluwa osiyanasiyana. Zimayenda bwino ndi ferns, juniper, hosta, hellebore. Nyimbo zoyambirira zimapangidwa limodzi ndi hyacinth, primrose, astilbe, hydrangea.
