Druzhba-4 chiansaw ndi chida choyesedwa nthawi zonse, zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza m'dziko lathu komanso m'mayiko oyandikana nawo. Iyo inakhaladi yeniyeni yopanga zoweta ndipo inakumbukiridwa ndi anzathu monga chida chodalirika ndi chodzichepetsa pa chisamaliro, kotero lero izi zikuwonekabe zikupezeka mmoyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Komabe, osagwiritsa ntchito zamakono ambiri amasankha chida ichi. M'nkhani ino tidzakhala tikudziŵa bwino kwambiri makinawa, komanso kuti tidzakhala ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zake zokhudzana ndi zitsanzo zina.
Zolemba zamakono
Chainsaw "Ubwenzi-4" pakati pa ogula amaonedwa kuti ndi nthawi yayitali, komabe, ngakhale ali ndi zaka zakubadwa, chigawochi chikukhutiritsa zonse zofunika zapakhomo, komanso zodabwitsa ndi zosavuta komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Kenaka, timalingalira mbali yowonjezereka ya izi mwawona mwatsatanetsatane.
Mukudziwa? Gulu la mafutali linapangidwa mu 1927 chifukwa cha amalonda a ku Germany Emil Lehrp. Chida ichi chinali ndi mphamvu ya injini ya mamita makumi asanu ndi awiri. cm, ndi mphamvu ya malita 8. c. ndipo tinkalemera makilogalamu 58.
Msonkhano wa Chainsaw
Kusonkhanitsa chainsaw kumawoneka kosavuta, koma ngakhale izi, zinthu zonse zapangidwe zimapangidwa bwino kwambiri. Mbali ya milanduyi imapangidwa ndi aluminum zowonjezereka, choncho saopa kutentha kulikonse. Chojambula ndi chogwiritsira ntchitochi chapangidwa m'njira yotetezera wogwira ntchito kuchokera ku zotentha zotentha pa injini panthawiyi. Kuphatikiza apo, makina opangidwa ndi makina amapangidwa pomanga makinawa, kotero ngati ikasweka, makinawo amaletsa machekawo, omwe angateteze ogwira ntchito kuvulala. Miyeso ya unit: 865 x 460 x 500 mm, kutalika kwake ndi 450 mm.
Chidachi chimakhala ndi machitidwe apamwamba. Ndi liwiro lonse lazitsulo pamphindi 5-5,4 zikwi pa mphindi, owonawo akhoza kukonza pafupifupi mamita makumi asanu ndi awiri. onani nkhuni kwachiwiri. Kuyendetsa galasi yamatabwa panthawi ya opaleshoni imapezeka kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere. Chiwerengero chonse cha unit popanda carburetor, matayala ndi unyolo ndi 10.5 makilogalamu, ndi zonse - 12.5 makilogalamu. Komabe, cholemera chachikulu cha chidacho sichisokoneza kugwiritsa ntchito kwake, chifukwa machekawo ali oyenerera kwambiri ndipo amagwirizana bwino mmanja. Kuthamanga kwathunthu kulemera kwazitsulo pa Druzhba-4 kumagwira pafupifupi 13 mamita / s2, ndikumveka bwino kufika 105 dBA.
Pogwiritsira ntchito makondomu, pangakhale mafunso okhudza kuwongolera unyolo, kutambasula unyolo, mavuto oyamba, zipangizo zamakina zowonjezera unyolo.
Injini
Wokhala ndi kachipangizo kamodzi kakang'ono kamene kali kansalu kamene kamakhala kansalu. Mlingo wake wamakono ndi 48 mm, kupweteka kwa pistoni ndi 52 mm. Anapeza mphamvu - pafupifupi 2.94 kW, yomwe ili ndi malita 4. ndi., pamene injini imatha kufika 95 cu. masentimita. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta sikumwamba, kuyamwa kwake pamtunda wothamanga sikudutsa 720 g / kWh. Mbali zikuluzikulu za injini: crankcase, crankshaft yogwirizana ndi ndodo yolumikizira, piston system, silinda. Injini imaphatikizaponso njira zotsatirazi: kuyatsa, mphamvu, kuzizira ndi kutulutsa.
Chipinda chopangira chipangizochi chimapangidwa ndi alloys osagwira ntchito. Zimapangidwa ndi halves awiri, zowonjezedwa pamodzi ndi chithandizo cha mtedza wapadera. Chitsulocho ndi chidutswa cha aluminiyamu yokhala ndi malaya ojambulidwa ndi chrome, omwe amachititsa kukanika kwake kusakanikirana. Pistoni imapangidwanso ndi aluminum zowonongeka, pamwamba pake zimakhala ndi mphete ziwiri zothandizira, zomwe zimayikidwa chifukwa cha mkuwa wamkuwa. Chombo chopangira ndi ndodo yolumikiza ndi chojambula. I-ndodo yolumikiza ndodo imapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba, kumbali ya singano ili pamutu wake wapansi.
Mukudziwa? "Ubwenzi-4" ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zochepa zochokera ku Soviet zamalonda zomwe zadziwika padziko lonse. Mu 1958, ku Brussels, ku Expo World Show, owona analandira Medal Golden.
Mitengo yozizira - mtundu wokakamizidwa, mpweya. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wozizira kumapangidwa ndi mfuti wa centrifugal. Mothandizidwa ndi kutuluka kwa mpweya wozungulira mphepo kumayendetsedwa ku silinda. Kuwotcha kwa machekawa kukuyenera kukulira pogwiritsa ntchito pulagi ya spark ndi waya wapadera. Chipangizo chophatikizapo magetsi chimaphatikizapo thanki ya gasi, bulu lokhala ndi fyuluta ya mafuta ndi carburetor. Kuthira kwa mafuta a madzi kumabwera ndi mphamvu yokoka potsegula valavu ya mafuta. Njira yotulutsa mpweya imaphatikizapo bokosi la galasi, chimango, zipangizo zamapukutu, kuyambira. Kuchepetsa phokoso m'dongosolo lakutentha kumaperekedwa mofiira.
Injini ndi zinthu zake zogwirizana nazo ndizozikhazikitsa, zomwe zimayikidwirana pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe apadera, omwe amamangiriridwa ndi ndodo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku unit. Zomangamanga zoterezi zimapangitsa kuti mulowetse m'malo mwachinsinsi mofulumira, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri pazomwe zimagwirira ntchito. Zosuntha zonsezi zimapangidwanso ndi mafuta ndi mafuta.
Vuto loyendetsa katundu ndi zipangizo zokonzetsera
Mphamvu ya mafuta (gasi tank) inapeza "Ubwenzi-4" yapangidwa ndi 1.5 malita a madzi. Monga mafuta, njira yabwino ndiyokusakaniza kwa mafuta A92 ndi injini yapadziko lonse ya injini ziwiri (15: 1).
Mlingo wa tank kwa injini ya mafuta ndi 150ml, monga mafuta a injini m'nyengo yozizira, amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta osakaniza ndi mafuta (3: 1), komanso chilimwe - mafuta oyera injini. Komanso, injini ya injini iwiri imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti ikhale yowonongeka ndi mbali yoyamba, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mpweya wambiri, komanso kumtunda. Kuti mukhale ndi malo ena malo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito "Litol-24" kapena mafananidwe ake.
Ndikofunikira! Kukonzekera mafuta sikuletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta "Lukoil-2T", "TNK-2", "T OIL", "AZMOL Sport 2T GD", chifukwa izi zidzathyola mafuta a chainsaw.
Deta yapadera yokonzanso ndi kuyendetsa
Kuti mukonze bwino masayiti "Ubwenzi-4", muyenera kusunga:
- mtunda wa pakati pa electrode wa lawilo mu 0,6-0.7 mm;
- kusiyana pakati pa malekezero a mano a galimotoyo ndi mapeto a flange wa chivundikirocho kuchokera 22.2 mpaka 23.4 mm;
- mtunda wa pakati pa mphuno ya mphuno ndi mpangidwe wa chimango ndi kutseguka kwa mphutsi ndi kuchokera 2 mpaka 8 mm popanda kuperewera kwa mphamvu ndi 15 mpaka 20 mm ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu;
- mtunda wa pakati pa tayala ndi pamphepete mwa maunyolo okhudzana pakunja pamene akugwetsa nthambi yake ya pansi kuchokera ku tayala pakatikatikati mwa 5-10 mm;
- Kutalikirana kwazomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti zikhale zogwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa nsalu ya macheka ndi pafupifupi 0,8 ± 0.125 mm.
Ntchito yokonzanso
Kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yotsekemera imasokonezedwa kwa nthawi yaitali, "Ubwenzi-4" umafuna kusintha kwa nthawi yayake magulu akuluakulu ogwira ntchito. Kuchita izi kumaphatikizapo kusintha kayendedwe ka makina, makina, mafuta ndi maulendo. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane magawo akulu a ntchitoyi.
Phunzirani momwe mungasankhire chovala chamagetsi kapena mafuta, fini yamagetsi, mpweya wofewa, tekitala yaing'ono, phokoso lamakono, mpweya wamatsenga, kupopera kwapopu, kapu yamapope, kapu ya madzi, kuthira madzi okwanira, kuwaza madzi.
Carburetor
Galimotoyo imakhala ndi phokoso lokhala ndi botani lopindulitsa, thupi lamagetsi, thupi lofalitsa, chivundikiro, kupweteka ndi singano ndi chikho cha chingwe, fyuluta ya mpweya. Kusintha kwake kumapangitsa kusintha kusintha kwa magetsi a injini pa mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso panthawi yomwe imakhala yovuta. Izi zimakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa ntchito zomwe adawona.
Msewu wa Carburetor
Kuti musinthe chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa nthawi yanu, muyenera kusintha khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amaperekedwa ku silinda. Mtundu wa mafuta ojambulidwa ndi jekeseni ukulamulidwa ndi kupweteka. Mphuno imayang'aniridwa ndi levisi yomwe ili kumanja kwa dzanja. Mtengo wa osakaniza ukulamulidwa chifukwa cha screw carburetor. Mukawotchedwa, chisakanizocho chikutsukidwa, pamene sichikutha Mukasintha mawonetseredwewo mumasewera opanda pake, muyenera kutsatira mfundo zotsatirazi muntchito yawo:
Kusintha kwa carburetor
- injini iyenera kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu ndi molimba mtima;
- kuchuluka kwake kwa zinyalala zotentha mafuta;
- galimotoyo iyenera kukhala yothamanga kwambiri.
- pa katundu wodzaza, makina a chainsaw ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zamphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa zowonongeka;
- pa robot injini sayenera kuwonjezera (kutentha kwa galimoto ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha mafuta osauka), kuchepetsera kapena kuima pamtunda waukulu.
Ndikofunikira! Ntchito yowona "Ubwenzi-4" popanda fyuluta ya mpweya imaletsedwa, chifukwa izi zidzatengera ma injini asanakwane.
Ikani
Bululi ili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: disk yoyendetsa galimoto ndi mphete ziwiri, diski yopangidwa ndi mphira wa mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. Mphete ya mphete ya mbale yoyendetsera galimoto imayikidwa ndi makiyi. Chipangizo choyendetsa chikuphatikizidwa kumapeto kwa kanyumba kake, kabuku kothamangitsidwa kamakwera pa shank ya galimoto yoyendetsa galimotoyo. Kusinthika kwa node imeneyi kumangopangidwa kokha pokhapokha panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwachitsulo chowoneka ndikuyamba kuyenda mozungulira tayala. Izi zimachokera ku kutaya kwa mphete za zotupa pothandizira pa ntchito.
Pofuna kubwezeretsanso ntchito yoyamba ya mphetezo, zimayendetsedwa poyang'ana mphepo yam'madzi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito nyundo. Kupondaponda kuyenera kupangidwa kuchokera kunja, kudutsa mphete, mofanana mu ndege yake yonse. Chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi, chigamulo chotsekedwa chiyenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Kuchotsa mbali ya mpheteyo, ndikwanira kungoigwedeza ndi dzanja.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire fosholo ya mbatata, wopanga mbatata, hiller, Fokin wodula phokoso, chipale chofewa, fosholo ndi auger, fosholo zodabwitsa, chisanu ndi
Tsatanetsatane wamakina
Kulimbana kwa mndandanda kumasinthidwa mutatha kusinthanitsa unyolo wakalewo ndi chatsopano, komanso panthawi yomwe imatuluka, momwe ingathe kutambasula mwamsanga pa ntchito. Mtundu uwu umayendetsedwa ndi kusinthasintha zowonongeka.
Kulamulira mfundoyi, m'pofunika kuyesetsa kuti panthawi yochepetsetsa yachitsulo chaching'ono kuchokera ku tayala m'kati mwake, pambali pa kulumikizana kwa unyolo uli kutali kwambiri ndi 10 mm pamphepete mwa tayala. Pachifukwa ichi, unyolowu uyenera kusuntha momasuka pamtunda ndi dzanja.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha kukwanira kwake koyenera ndi kudalirika, mu zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi za makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri injini yochokera ku macheka "Druzhba-4" inagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ku ndege ya Soviet. Pachifukwa chake, ma helicopter owala X-3, X-4 ndi X-5 anapangidwa.
Chitetezo
Malamulo oyambirira otetezeka pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi chainsaw:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi chida cholakwika sikuletsedwa. Pambuyo pa nthawi yonse ya opaleshoni, makina oundana ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti athe kugwira ntchito, ndipo zigawo zonse zosinthika ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa;
- Gwiritsani ntchito machekawo ayenera kugwira ntchito yokhayokha;
- kuwona kulamulira kumachitika ndi manja onse awiri;
- nthawi yokwanira yolumikizidwa ndi chainsaw panthawi yosintha ndi kupuma nthawi zonse ndi mphindi 112, ndi zosawerengeka - mphindi 48;
- Onse amagwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gasi ziyenera kupangidwa kunja;
- Zilibe kanthu kuti chingwechi chikagwedezeka pa mkono pamene magalimoto ayamba, ndipo mzerewo usakhudze zinthu zilizonse;
- pamene akuwona pamwamba pa nkhuni, kumbuyo kwa bokosilo liyenera kukhudza ndipo pokhapokha atatha kuyendetsa makinawo;
- Kuwona ndi mapeto a mbali ya tayala lachiwerengero siletsedwa;
- Tulutsani dera lozunguzika pokhapokha injini ikatha;
- Pomwe pali dera lotseguka, injini iyenera kutsekedwa;
- Pogwiritsa ntchito kugwa mitengo, onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malamulo onse otetezeka kugulira mitengo.
- Zipangizo zonse zotentha zimasungidwa mu chidebe chotsitsimula m'malo ozizira, malo ozimitsa moto;
- pamene mutadzaza tangiyo ndi injini, pamtunda wa mamita osachepera 20 kuchokera kumoto uliwonse wotseguka;
- Panthawi yopaka mafuta ndi zipangizo zoyaka fodya siletsedwa;
- Malo osungidwa omwe amawotcha m'madzi otentha ayenera kuwonongedwa.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Monga chida china chiri chonse, Chainsaw "Ubwenzi-4" uli ndi ubwino wake. Choncho, musanapeze chida ichi, m'pofunikira kufufuza ubwino ndi chiwonongeko, pokhapokha pakadali pano, mawonesi sangakhale abwino, koma adzabweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa mwini wake.
Phunzirani za zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira za kuchotsa mtengo ndi kudula komanso kuchotsa mtengo popanda kudula.
Ubwino waukulu wa macheka a mtundu wa Druzhba-4:
- zomangamanga zosavuta;
- Kukhoza kugwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri popanda kusokoneza kwa mphindi 50;
- Kutenga nthawi yaitali komwe kumapereka chitetezo chokwanira, kuchepetsa kuthamanga ndi kupanga izo mwamtheradi kumasuka kudula pamene wayima;
- Msonkhano waukulu waukulu wa masamba uli pamtundu waukulu, womwe umapititsa patsogolo njira zowonongeka;
- Kusuntha kwachitsulo kumachitika pokhapokha mofulumira;
- mafuta otsika a octane angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga mafuta a macheka;
- kupezeka kwa dalaivala yowonongeka;
- pamene unyolo umakanikizika, machekawo samasula;
- ngakhale kuti ali ndi zaka, chidachi chimapangitsa kuti chikhale chodula, mosasamala kanthu kwa makulidwe a nkhuni;
- moyo wautali (mosamala bwino za zaka 15-30).
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa maola 24 aliwonse owona, ndi kofunika kuyeretsa ku dothi losakaniza ndi kusamba pang'ono. Apo ayi, kuvala kwa zida za chidachi kumakula kwambiri.
Zoipa za unit ili sizinthu:
- kulemera kwakukulu kwa macheka, kotero siyense amene angakhoze kuchigwira;
- Chifukwa chakuti choyambira cha chainsaw chichotsedwe, mfundo iyi nthawi zambiri imatayika;
- Druzhba-4 ilibe batani Bwino, kotero ilo liyenera kutsegulidwa pa kupuma kulikonse;
- Sikophweka kugula zipangizo zabwino ndi zida zopangira izi, popeza opanga makono ambiri amapanga magawo osakwanira ndi moyo wautali, choncho zinthu zabwino zingagulidwe misika yokha.
Pamaso pa zipangizo, kumanga chipinda chapansi pa nyumba ndi mpweya wabwino, nyumba ya nkhosa, nkhuku ya nkhuku, verandah, gazebo, pergolas, mpanda, malo osabisa m'nyumba, firiji yotentha ndi yozizira, njira yochokera kwa nthupi, nyumba yosambira, nyumba yamatabwa, nyumba yosungiramo matabwa, sizingakhale vuto.
Chainsaw kuntchito
Video: momwe bungwe la Friendship-4 linagwirira ntchito
Video: Chainsaw "Ubwenzi-4"
Chainsaw "Ubwenzi-4" - ndi chida chodalirika chomwe chimatha kugwira ntchito yake moyenera. Ngakhale kuti owonawo adamasulidwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, ndipo lero luso lake lusoli likutha kukwanilitsa zofunikira zonse zapakhomo. Komabe, ngati mwaganiza kugula katundu wa zipangizo zapakhomo pazomwe mukufunikira, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lokonzekera bwino, monga momwe amasonkhanitsira owonawo akulemera kwambiri.
Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti
Malingaliro anga, ubwenzi wa chainsaw pakali pano ndi khalidwe labwino komanso losawonongeka ngakhale kuti liri latsopano, koma pamene linali chozizwitsa cha Soviet engineering
