Khoma lomwe limakutidwa ndi masango a rasipiberi, oyera, ndi maluwa achikasu a lilac ndi bougainvillea. Mlendo wokongola wakummwera mosamalitsa amasangalatsa eni ake kukongola chilimwe chonse.
Zoyambira komanso mawonekedwe a chomera cha bougainvillea
Kunyumba ku South America, mbewu yotentha imeneyi imachita maluwa miyezi 9 pachaka. Mwa mawonekedwe osazolowereka, wamaluwa ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana adamukonda. Tsopano ikhoza kupezeka ku Europe, Asia ndi gawo la dziko lathu.
Bougainvillea imapatsa zokongoletsera zapadera mnyumbayo, mwachangu imapanga maluwa omanga maluwa
Tcherani khutu! Dzinalo lidaperekedwa polemekeza wapaulendo wofufuza ndi wofufuza wachifalansa dzina lake Louis Antoine de Bougainville.
Kufotokozera kwamaluwa
Bougainvillea liana pansi pazachilengedwe ndi nthambi zouluka zokhala ndi minga zomata ku zothandizira zachilengedwe kapena zokumba, mphukira zake zimamera mbali iliyonse.
Kapangidwe ka inflorescence ndi kosangalatsa: maluwa enieni ndi oyera pang'ono pamiyendo yopyapyala, yamagulu atatu. Mbale zazikulu, zokhala ndi utoto wowala, wofanana ndi pepala, ndizak Broker. Amapezeka kwambiri ndipo m'malo omwe amabisa masamba.
Duwa la Bougainvillea limawoneka ngati chida cha singano waluso
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pali mitundu 18 yamtchire m'chilengedwe. Pakulima kwa bougainvillea m'minda yaku Russia, atatu mwa iwo ndi othamangitsidwa.
Bougainvillea wokongola
Kwawo ndi ku Brazil. Amamera m'nkhalango zotentha pamiyala yamapiri, ndikuwazungulira pang'onopang'ono. Pakusamalira maluwa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito yokongoletsa makoma a nyumba, mipanda, masanja. Masamba ndi wandiweyani, wokutidwa ndi villi, mabulangete azithunzi zingapo zofiira, kukalamba, kutaya kowala. Ma inflorescence ndi ofanana ndi mantha.
Bougainvillea wamanyazi
Dziko lokhala ndi bougainvillea ndi Brazil, koma madera owuma. Amasiyana ndi wachibale "wokongola" uja ndi kagulu kakang'ono ka minga. Masamba ndi osalala, opanda villi okhala ndi nsonga yakuthwa. Mphukira imayimira mpesa wathunthu. Mabulangete mumtundu wachilengedwe ndi lilac, obereketsa aweta mitundu ya chikaso, choyera, chofiyira, ndi pinki.
Bougainvillea peruvian
Dziko lakwawo la mtunduwu ndi Peru ndi Colombia. Bougainvillea ndi chitsamba chophukira pang'ono chokhala ndi ma spikes amfupi, masamba ozungulira ndi mabulangeti ofiira, ofiira kapena ofiirira. M'maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizidulira kwambiri kuti tithandizire kukula kwa mphukira zam'mbali ndikupatsa chitsamba kukongola.
Mitundu yonse itatu yobzikirana bwino, obereketsa amatulutsa mitundu yatsopano ya bougainvillea yamitundu yosiyanasiyana modabwitsa.
Ikani pambuyo pakupeza panja
Chomera chotentha chotseguka ku Russia chidzamera m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda Caucasus ndi Crimea, pokhazikika nyengo yozizira. Kutentha kwamasamba abwino kwambiri ndi +25 ° C. Pa +5 ° C, amadwala, ndipo 0 ° C amwalira.
M'madera akutali kwa Moscow Region kwa bougainvillea, kulima ndi kusamalira m'munda wozizira ndi malo obiriwira ndizovomerezeka. Njira ina yolimitsira: kasupe imatengedwa kupita panja, ndipo pakugwa imabwezedwa mnyumbayo.
Zomwe mukusowa
Kuti chipatso chobiriwira chimveke bwino, chimamera m'matumba akuluakulu ndi mumtsuko. Nthaka ya mbewu zazikulu mbiya imagulidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa zinthu. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yamchere pang'ono. Drainage iyenera kuyikidwa pansi pa thanki kuti nthaka ipite chinyezi ndi mpweya.
Kusankha malo abwino kwambiri
Wokhala m'malo otentha amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, chifukwa kubzala amasankha mbali yakumwera kwa tsambalo kapena nyumba, yotetezedwa ndi mphepo zamkuntho.
Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera
Kuti mubzale mbewu, muyenera kuchita zinthu zingapo zosavuta:
- Drainage imathiridwa mumtsuko 1/3.
- Kenako onjezani dothi ndi voliyumu ya ½.
- Ikani mmera.
- Onjezani dothi, phatikizani.
- Madzi ambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Olima odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala mbewu zingapo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana mu chidebe chachikulu. Kusakaniza kwa mphukira ndi kudulira koyenera kumawonjezera chithunzicho kubzala.
Bougainvillea ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana mkati mwake imawonjezera dzuwa ndi chisangalalo kwa mwini wake
Bougainvillea: kufalitsa
Ndi capriciousness yonse ya mmera, yankho lavuto la momwe mungapangire bougainvillea silovuta.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Zidutswa za bougainvillea zimachitika mchaka, mutatha kudula tchirepo mphukira zambiri zimatsalira. Olemekezeka kuchokera ku misa yonse, amaduladula zidutswa za 10-15 cm, makamaka pansi pa impso. Masamba 3-4 amoyo wathanzi ayenera kupezekapo.
Zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa zimayikidwa m'madzi ofunda omwe amakhazikika. Pambuyo maola ochepa, amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kukula kwa mbewu. Masamba 2 otsika amadulidwa ndikuyika osakanizika ndi peat ndi mchenga, kumizidwa mu 2ode internode (kukula kwa tsamba lachitatu kuchokera pansi). Zitatha izi, zodulidwazo zimathiriridwa mokwanira ndikuwotchera pang'ono, ndikutchinga phesi lirilonse ndi mtsuko waukulu kapena kukonza zophimba pamwamba pawo.
Tcherani khutu! Kuwala kumachitika m'nyumba m'nyumba kutentha kwa +25 ° C.
Tsiku lililonse lotsatira, gululi limatsegulidwa, kuwulutsa ndi kuwaza. Zomera zimachitika mkati mwa mwezi umodzi, pambuyo pake bougainvillea yatsopano imatsitsidwa mumsewu kuti ikhale kwamuyaya.
Kudula kwa bougainvillea kudzakhala mipesa yathunthu nyengo yotsatira
Kulima mbewu
Zipatso zimasankhidwa ku tchire labwino. Matumba amabisala mkati mwa britter zouma. Zimacha kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, motero ntchito yonse imapita nthawi yozizira.
Dothi limakonzedwa kuchokera kumunda wamunda, mchenga ndi peat (2: 1: 1). Mbewu zomwe zimatulutsidwazo zimabzalidwa mchidebe chakuya, owazidwa ndi lapansi ndi madzi pang'ono. Chombocho chimayikidwa pansi pa kanema. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kumera ndi +25 mpaka +30 ° C. Kuti muchite izi, ikani nyali za fluorescent pamtunda wa 25 cm kuchokera pansi.
Kuyatsa kuthamanga kumachitika pamene nthaka imayamba ndi mpweya wawo munthawi yomweyo. Mbande zimawonekera pakatha miyezi 2-3. Kuwala kwakumbuyo kumatsalira pambuyo pa kutuluka.
Tcherani khutu! Bougainvillea imafalikira mwa kungokhalitsa ndi kulima kosalekeza.
Bougainvillea: chisamaliro ndikusamalira pabwalo
Pambuyo nyengo yachisanu, mbewu zimasinthidwa kukhala mumsewu wamtunda, pamatenthedwe tsiku lililonse apamwamba kuposa +10 ° C Bougainvillea imayamba kukula mwachangu, zikwapu zimatalika mpaka 3 m.Chisamaliro chachikulu ndikusamalidwa kwa bougainvillea potseguka ndikuthilira ndi kudulira panthawi yake.
Njira yothirira
Madzi owuma bougainvillea m'munda m'mawa kwambiri kawiri pa sabata ndi madzi okhazikika, otenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa. Mu nyengo yotentha, masamba amapopera mankhwala tsiku lililonse.
Popanda chinyontho, mbewuyo imatulutsa masamba obiriwira, ochulukirapo komanso osasunthika - masamba amatembenukira chikasu, kenako nkugwa.
Tcherani khutu! Kununkhira sikukhudza ma bricheki, amasiyidwa kuti ziume.
Munthawi yamvula yambiri komanso kuzizira, chomera chimatetezedwa ndi filimu. Kutentha kokwanira tsiku lililonse kwamaluwa kumachokera ku +21 mpaka +25.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Patulani mbewu zazing'ono kamodzi pa sabata, akulu akulu - kamodzi pakatha masabata awiri ndi feteleza wovuta wokhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. Momwe mungadyetsere bougainvillea wamkulu wamaluwa, zimatengera zomwe zapezeka. Ndikofunika kumuthira manyowa ndi mankhwala okhala ndi potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi chitsulo kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri. Pamaso pa ntchito iliyonse yobzala, madzi ambiri.
Zosamalidwa nthawi yamaluwa
Gawo loyamba ndikuchepetsa bougainvillea molondola:
- Chapakatikati, nthambi zimafupikitsidwa ndi 10-13 masentimita kuti zikule mwachangu ma mphukira ofananira nawo. Zomera zidzaphukira. Kukula kwa chaka chino kudula pang'ono, popeza ndi iye amene amapereka impso zatsopano.
- M'chilimwe, maluwa owuma, masamba ndi mphukira zomwe amaphwanya mawonekedwe omwe adakonzedwa amachotsedwa.
Kwa bougainvillea m'munda, mutha kupanga mathandizi apadera a mitundu yoyambirira ya waya, msondodzi kapena nsungwi. Kukwera shrub wokondwa kuti uwadzaze.
Mutha kusintha bougainvillea kukhala mtengo: phesi limamangirizidwa ndi chimango cha mawonekedwe opatsidwa. Ikakula mpaka chisoti chachifumu chomwe chikufunidwa, tsinani malo okula, chotsani mbali zotsikirazo, ndikusiya okhawo omwe ali pamwamba. Kupangidwa kwa korona wa bougainvillea kumatenga zaka zingapo, mpaka thunthu ndi nthambi zotupa zimakhala zolimba.
Zomera zimayikidwa mu chidebe chachikulu ndikuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa kukula kwatsopano.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Ngati pakuwopseza chisanu cham'mawa, bordainvillea mu chubu kapena chidebe imasamutsidwira kuchipinda, yoyatsidwa ndi dzuwa, pamtunda wosaposa +16, mwachitsanzo, ku loggia yotentha. Nthambi zomwe zidaphukira chilimwe zidulidwa.
Zinthu zosamalira pakupuma
Chisamaliro cha dzinja chimakhala ndi madzi osowa kwambiri kuti mizu yake isazime.
Ngati mutsatira ndendende malangizo othandiza, kukongola kosangalatsa kumakondweretsa eni ake kwa zaka zosachepera 10 - monga momwe mbewu imakhalira m'munda.
