Chitsime ndi njira imodzi yotchuka yopangira madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo komwe kumapangitsa eni malo okhala ndi mapindu kuti apindule kawiri: kupeza madzi abwino komanso kusunga ndalama. Popeza mwakumba chitsime, ndizotheka kupereka madzi nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Koma dzenje lopendekera pansi silingagwire ntchito ngati madzi pokhapokha; kungokhala ndi chitsime ndi madzi kumatithandiza kupanga chinyezi chopatsa moyo choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kusankhidwa kwa zida zofunika
Mukakumba madzi pachitsime, mutha kuyamba kulipaka. Kuti tiwonetsetse kusowa kwa madzi osasokonezeka, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zida zapadera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo: caisson, pampu, chosungira hydraulic ndi mutu pachitsime.
Kapangidwe ka zitsime zamadzi mdziko muno kuli kofanana, kusiyana kumangokhala posankha ndi kuyika zinthu zina payekha
Asanapitilize dongosolo la chitsime, ayenera kusankha molondola zinthu zam'tsogolo kuti adziteteze mtsogolomo ku zovuta zosafunikira komanso mtengo wokonzanso zida zamtengo wapatali.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa phwando
Caisson ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangidwira. Chakunja chofanana ndi mbiya, chidebe chopanda madzi chimapangidwa kuti chitetezere madzi mu dongosolo la kudya kuti asazizire kapena kusakanikirana ndi madzi apansi panthaka.
Mu mapangidwe osindikizidwa, mutha kukonza zida zodziwikiratu, zosefera, toni ya membrane, ma switala opanikizika, magawo olimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu zina, potero kumasula malo okhala kuchokera pazinthu zosafunikira ndi zida. Caisson, monga lamulo, imakhala ndi khosi yokhala ndi chivindikiro cholimba.
MaCisson amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosagwirizana ndi kutu - chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi aluminiyamu, kapena pulasitiki, yomwe singatengeke kuwonongeka ndi njira zina zowonongeka
Pampu yomvera
Kuti chitsime chanu chizitha kugwira ntchito moyenera kwa zaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi, muyenera kusankha pampu yolimira.
Kusankhidwa kwa malonda kumadalira momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kupanikizika kwakukulu. Mpaka pano, mapampu otchuka kwambiri ndi opanga ku Europe, mwachitsanzo: Grundfos, Water Technics Inc
Powerengera, chifukwa chomwe magawo azogulitsidwayo atsimikiziridwa, m'mimba mwake ndi kuya kwa chitsime, kutalika kwa mapaipi amadzi, kuchuluka kwake kutuluka kuchokera m'malo onse olumikizidwa kumaganiziridwa.
Kuti mugwire ntchito mokhazikika kwa dongosolo lamadzi, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi opanikizika ogwira ntchito kuchokera pakati mpaka 1.5 mpaka 3., Omwe ali olingana ndi 30 m madzi.
Wotsogolera
Ntchito yayikulu ya chosungira ndikusunga ndikusintha bwino magazi pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, thankiyo imapereka madzi ochepa komanso imateteza ku nyundo zamadzi. Zipangizo zimasiyana kokha mu kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe alipo, kuyambira 10 mpaka 1000 malita.
Panyumba yaying'ono yokhala ndi ming'alu ya 3-5, ndikokwanira kukhazikitsa thanki yama hydraulic yokhala ndi malita 50
Wellhead
Kukhazikitsa mutu kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muteteze chitsime kuchokera pakuipitsidwa ndi zinyalala komanso kukhetsa madzi. Kapangidwe kake kosindikizira cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa ntchito yaukadaulo, makamaka kuyimitsidwa kwa pampu.
Mutu umatha kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki komanso kuponyera chitsulo. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki zimatha kupirira katundu wambiri, womwe umaposa 200 kg, ndi iron-iron - 500 kg
Magawo akulu akukhazikitsidwa kwa chitsime
Eni nyumba omwe alibe nthawi yokwanira, chidziwitso ndi luso lomvetsetsa njira zoyankhulirana nthawi zonse amapereka ntchito yodalirika kwa akatswiri.
Makamaka amisiri aluso azichita zonse payekha. Koma ngakhale wina atakugwirani ntchito yonse, muyenera kuyang'ana chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, bungwe ladziperekera madzi osavomerezeka limachitika m'magawo angapo.
Kukhazikitsa kwa chotupa
Kukhazikitsa chimbudzi, ndikofunikira kukonza dzenje, lomwe liyenera kukumbidwa mozungulira chitsime mpaka pakuya mita 1.8-2. Miyezo ya dzenje imatsimikizidwa ndi kukula kwa thankiyo, pafupifupi, kutalika kwake ndi 1.5 metres. Zotsatira zake, dzenje la maziko liyenera kupanga, mkati mwake momwe kumata kumatulira.
Ngati dzenje ladzazidwa ndi madzi apansi panthaka, ndikofunikira kupanga malo ena owonjezera kuti muwachotse nthawi yake.
Pansi pa caisson palokha, ndikofunikira kudula bowo lofanana ndi mainchesi a insulating casing. Caisson yokonzedweratu imatha kutsitsidwa mu dzenje, ndikuyiyika pakatikati pa chitsime chabwino. Pambuyo pake, matayala amatha kudula ndikuwotchera mpaka pansi pa caisson ndi kuwotcherera wamagetsi.
Ndikofunikira kuphatikiza chitoliro kuti madzi atuluke ndi chingwe chamagetsi pamagulu omwe asonkhanawo. Khomalo limakutidwa ndi dothi: chivundikiro chokha chomwe ndi khomo lachipangacho chimayenera kukhala pamwamba pamtunda.
Caissons amakwiriridwa pansi panthaka yozizira komanso nthaka ndipo amaphatikizidwa ndi: makwerero, thanki yosungirako, mapampu, ma compressor ndi zida zina zokomera madzi
Kukhazikitsa kwa pompopompopompo
Ngakhale kuti pulogalamu yoika pampu palokha ndiyosavuta, ndikofunikira kuganizira zina zake pakukhazikitsa:
- Musanakhazikitse pampu, yeretsani chitsime pompopompo mpaka madzi atasiya kutulutsa timiyala tomwe tili ngati mchenga ndi tinthu tina;
- pampu imayikidwa mchitsime kuti isamafike 1 mita mpaka pansi, pomwe imamizidwa kwathunthu m'madzi;
- mogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsa pampu, payipi ya pulasitiki yaikika (madzi amaperekedwera kumtunda), ndi chingwe (kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mota pampu);
- chipangizo choyambira chotetezera ndi vala yosabwereranso imayikidwa pambuyo pokhazikitsa pampu;
- mutakhazikitsa dongosolo, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa kuthamanga mu thanki mwanjira imeneyi, kuyenera kukhala 0.9 ya kuthamangitsidwa mukayatsidwa;
- Chingwe chomwe pampu yolumikizidwa pachikuto chake chimayenera kukhala chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chokhala ndi madzi osalimba.
Mukakhazikitsa pampu, mutha kukhazikitsa mutu womwe umasindikiza ndi kuteteza mutuwo.
Kukhazikitsa kwaumodzi
Ndikosatheka kuonetsetsa kuti madzi osasokonezeka popanda kukhazikitsa chosungira madzi.
Chosakanikira chitha kukhazikitsidwa palokha komanso mkati mwanyumbayo
Mfundo zoyendetsera makinawa ndizosavuta - mutatsegula pampu, thanki yopanda kanthu imadzaza madzi. Mukatsegulira kampuyo mnyumba, madzi amalowa kuchokera ku chosungira, osati kuchokera kuchitsime. Madziwo akamamwa, pampuyo imangotembenukiranso ndikukupopera madzi mu thanki.
Kukhazikitsa thanki muukadaulo kuyenera kuchitidwa, kusiya mwayi waulere wakonza kapena kulowetsa m'malo mwake. Poyikapo thanki, poyenda ndi madzi, muyenera kuyika valavu yoyendera. Asanayambe ndikuyika thankiyo, valavu yoyesera iyenera kuyikiridwa kuti ithetse madzi. Kuteteza chosungira ndi chidindo cha mphira kumachepetsa kugwedezeka.
