Kunyada kwa Ural Garden - peyala Sverdlovchanka

Si mitundu yonse ya mapeyala pomwe idalengedwa mwachilengedwe.

Ambiri a iwo anali nthumwi zakutchire zochokera m'nkhalango.

Ndipo pambuyo pake, mothandizidwa ndi kuswana, iwo adadziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu yokondedwa yomwe ili ndi ubwino wambiri. Peyala Sverdlovchanka Imodzi mwa mitundu iyi ndi kufotokozera, chithunzi ndi ndemanga zowonjezera mu nkhaniyi.

Kodi ndi mapeyala otani?

Sverdlovchanka ndi zosiyanasiyana zozizira mapeyala, malingana ndi dera la kulima. Sakani yozizira yolimba, mkulu kukana chisanu. Kupita ku zipatso ndi mchere.

Ndi chilimwe ndi awa mitundu ya mapeyala: Severyanka, Fairy Tonkowetka, Chizhovskaya ndi Duchess.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

M'malo osungirako zinthu a Saratov ndi Sverdlovsk pogwiritsa ntchito poizoni "Lukashovka Minda"Mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa mungu kuchokera ku mitundu ingapo ya kumwera unapezedwa izi zosiyanasiyana L. A. Kotov ndi G. V. Kondratiev.

Kumbukirani kuti mitundu ina yozizira iyenera kuphimba!.

Kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana Sverdlovchanka

Ganizirani za peyala zosiyanasiyana za Sverdlovchanka, kufotokoza za zizindikiro za kunja kwa mtengo ndi zipatso.

Mtengo

Kukula kwa mitengo sikudutsa zizindikiro zowonjezera. Korona siunakhutsidwe kwambiri, ndi yosiyana chozungulira chozungulira ndi pyramidal. Mtundu wa makungwa ndi chigoba nthambi ndi mdima wakuda ndi greenish tinge. Nthambi zikuluzikulu zimatambasula mmwamba ndipo ziri pazing'ono za zaka ziwiri zomwe fruiting imayambira.

Pa mphukira zobiriwira zobiriwira palibe mmbali. Masamba ndi okongola, obiriwira obiriwira, mawonekedwe awo ndi ovate-ovoid. Chipinda cha pepalacho chimakhala chophwanyidwa, m'mphepete mwake sichimawoneka. Mapesi aatali ndi ang'onoang'ono osowa.

Maluwawo ndi oyera, apakatikati, kukula. Pa mlingo umodzi ndi pistils ndi anthers. Maluwa a zosiyanasiyanazi amapezeka patsiku lomaliza.

Chipatso

Zipatso ndi zosalala, nthawi zonse kuzungulira peyala mawonekedwe. Avereji ya kulemera kwa zipatso amasiyana ndi 130 g kufika 180 g. Mapeyala otsekemera mokwanira, ali ndi manyazi pang'ono, omwe amadziwonetsera pa mbali ya dzuwa ya chipatso. Koma mwa kuchuluka kwa mtundu wamafuta salipo konse.

Zomwe zimatchulidwa pansi pamasamba, omwe amajambulidwa ndi zobiriwira. Zipinda zambewu zimatsekedwa, zopanda kanthu komanso zopanda mafuta, mtima wonse.

Sverdlovchanka adalandira mchere wa mchere chifukwa cha zokoma komanso zosasangalatsa za zamkati, zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi ambiri. Chipatsocho chiri ndi fungo lolimba, thupi liri ndi maonekedwe a mafuta, mwakuya popanda phulusa.

Mitundu yowonjezera iyi ikhoza kudzitamandira bwino: Rogneda, Karataevskaya, Pamyati Zhegalova, Yanvarskaya ndi Krasulya.

The mankhwala zikuchokera peyala mitundu Sverdlovchanka:

Chithunzi

Zizindikiro

Kusiyanasiyana kuli kosiyana zabwino chisanu kukanaIkhoza kupirira kutentha mpaka -38 ° C popanda kuwonongeka.

Koma chifukwa cha zochitika za ku Middle Urals, makamaka kumpoto kwake, zizindikirozi zimaonedwa kuti ndizochepa. Kungakhale kwanzeru kudzala Sverdlovchanka m'nyengo yozizira.

Mitundu ya peyala imasiyanitsidwa ndi zabwino zotentha chisanu: Svetlyanka, Severyanka, Severyanka red-cheeked, Fairy Tale ndi Skorospelka ku Michurinsk.

Yambani Kukolola zipatso kumapezeka mu August m'madera ofunda ndipo kumatha mpaka October, ngati dera likukula ndi kumpoto. Ngati chotsitsa chochotsa cha chipatso chikubwera m'nyengo ya chilimwe, mapeyala samataye kuyankhula kwawo musathenso kwa nthawi yayitali. Zipatso, zomwe zinatengedwa mu October, nthawi zambiri zimapsa nthawi yosungirako.

Sverdlovchanka osatha kudzipangira mungu. Pakuti ovary chipatso pa tsamba akulimbikitsidwa kubzala mitundu ina ya peyala ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana za maluwa.

Mtengo wawung'ono ukuyamba kuvomereza kale, kale 3-4 patapita zaka katemera katemera. Chaka chilichonse zokolola zimakula mofulumira.

Mtengowo umabala zipatso zambiri, ndi zokolola zoposa 200 makilogalamu / ha.

Zokolola zabwino nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza: Oryol Kukongola, Hera, Cosmic, Autumn Yakovleva ndi Noyabrskaya.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Musanabzala mtengo, ziyenera kukhala bwino yang'anani kuti mizu kapena nthambi ziwonongeke. Chotsani nthambi zowonjezereka kapena zowonongeka, kusiya zazikulu kwambiri.

Peyala amakonda mchenga ndi laimu loam. Ndi pamtunda umene Ural amakula bwino. Kuchuluka kwa nthaka yakuda mu nkhaniyi kungakhale kovulaza.

Choncho, kufalikira kwapadera kwa Sverdlovsk ndi mitundu yofanana yomwe analandiridwa gawo lonse la Nonchernozem belt ku St. Petersburg.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: N'zotheka kudzala mtengo wachinyamata pakatikatikatikati, ndi kugwa. Koma kumpoto, kumera kwa nyengo kumapabebe, popeza m'dzinja kuzizira kwambiri mizu ya mtengo ikhoza kukhalabe nthawi yokhazikika.

Malo omwe mungasankhe ndi dzuwa komanso lotseguka. Peyala imakula bwino ngati imalandira kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa. Gombe limakonzedwa pafupi sabata musanadzalemo.

Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala 70 cm kuya ndi mamita 1 m'lifupi. Nthaka mu dzenje imafunika kumasula ndi kuyendetsa mtengo pakati. Ndiye hillock yaing'ono imadzazidwa ndi nthaka ya pamwamba pa dziko lapansi yosakaniza ndi feteleza.

Sapling imayikidwa pamwamba pa hillock ndipo mizu yake ikufalikira mofatsa mbali zonse. Muzu wa mizu sayenera kukhala wocheperapo kuposa masentimita 5-7 kuchokera pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Pambuyo pa dzenje wagona tulo ndikuphatikizidwa pang'ono.

Kwa kuthirira madzi abwino ndi apamwamba kuzungulira thunthu muyenera kupanga chitsulo chaching'ono. Kenako anakhetsa mtengo ndowa ziwiri zamadzi ndikuphimba ndi mulch kapena humus.

REFERENCE: Mpaka mbeuyo itakhazikika, imayenera kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri pamwezi.

Peyala siilimbikitsa ulimi wothirira chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mizu yaitali kwambiri yomwe imatha kuchotsa madzi pansi ngakhale pakagwa nyengo. Kuthirira kumachitika katatu m'chilimwePalibe mapeyala omwe amafunika kupatula panthawi ya chilala.

Mutatha kuthirira pansi pamtengo, muyenera kumasula pang'ono perekani mpweya wabwino ku mizu. Mlingo wa madzi okwanira nthawi imodzi ndi ndowa zitatu.

Dyetseni ngati kukula kwa mtengowo kumachedwa. Manyowa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira chaka chachiwiri mutabzala ndi miyezi ya chilimwe.

Manyowa monga peat ndi humus, zomwe ziyenera kusakanikirana ndi nthaka ndikuziika mu ngalande.

Mukhoza kutema mtengo mu autumn kapena masika. Koma mu nyengo ya Ural Sverdlovchanka kudulidwa masikaKuti asawononge mtengo mu kugwa, chifukwa cha kutentha. M'zigawo zotentha, nthawi yodulira sizimawathandiza.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: Kudulira mu chilimwe sikuvomerezedwa, chifukwa pamodzi ndi nthambi, ndi masamba ena amachotsedwa, zomwe ndi zoipa kwa thanzi la mtengo.

Korona wadulidwa kuti apange mawonekedwe abwino komanso bwino fruiting. Kudulidwa kumayambira kuyambira chaka choyamba chakufika ndipo amapitirira mpaka kufa komwe kwa mtengo.

Mfundo zofunika kwambiri za korona mapangidwe:

• Ntchito yonse iyenera kuchitika ndi pruner wodula.
• Kudulidwa kumachitika pokhapokha ngati nyengo yozizira isasinthe, mwinamwake mtengo woonongeka ungafe ngati mwadzidzidzi chisanu.
• Zaka ziwiri za sapling zimadulidwa patalika mamita mita kuchokera padziko lapansi.
• Thunthu lalikulu lifupikitsidwa ndi kotala.
• Chaka ndi chaka chokongoletsera kuti mupewe kutentha kwake komanso kuonetsetsa kuti dzuwa limalowa m'nthambi zonse.
• Nthambizi zimadulidwa pansi pa mphetezo, zimasiyidwa.
• Malo a Spilov opangidwa ndi phula kapena penti.
• Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa chisanu cha Sverdlovsk dera, ndibwino kusamalira zokwanira za chisanu pafupi ndi mizu. Kuphimba shtamb ndi korona ngakhale kumpoto sikumveka bwino.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Sverdlovchanka imatsutsa kwambiri matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, dzimbiri ndi bakiteriya zimawotcha.

Choncho, njira zothandizira zidzakhala zokwanira.

Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo oyimilira okula mtengo wabwino:

• Kuchotsa mwachangu kwa mizu yozungulira kumsongole kumachepetsa kwambiri kuchulukitsa kwa mavairasi ndi majeremusi.
• Kukumba nthawi zonse nthaka kumalimbikitsa khalidwe lake.
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa feteleza mchere kumasintha maonekedwe a dothi, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka ku malo a tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Kusonkhanitsa panthaŵi yake ndi kuwotcha masamba osagwa, ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinyama.
• Njira zothandizira kumaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso fungicides. Kusintha mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ayenera kusamala kwambiri. Mlingo woonjezera umakhala woopsa kwa zomera ndi anthu.

Kukaniza matenda ndi: Bere Russkaya, Chuddesnitsa, Feeriya, Silent Don ndi Talgar kukongola.

Sverdlovchanka ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kwa osamaluwa wamaluwa, chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake. Ndipo imodzi mwa mitundu yochepa yomwe ingathe kukula pamatentha kwambiri.