Krestovnik krupnoyazkovy - South African language "munthu wokalamba"

Senecio - Dzina lachilatini la zomera zazikulu ndi zosiyanasiyana zosiyana siyana ndi mwini munda - zimachokera ku mawu akuti "senex", "wokalamba".

Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mitundu yambiri ya zomerayi imakhala ndi tsitsi la silvery kapena madengu a "maluwa" maluwa atatha.

Krupnoyazykovy krestovnikKomabe, imakhala popanda "imvi", ndipo popanda "tsitsi".

Krupnoyazykovy krestovnik ndi wamtali wobiriwira wa liana ndi masamba amchere mpaka masentimita 8 - utoto kapena motley, wokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu ndi mawanga.

Maonekedwe a leaf - katatu kapena pentagonal, ndi mbali yapakati, kotero "lirime" lokhala ndi mbali zomveka bwino, kumene mtundu uwu wobatiza unalandira dzina lachilatini "Senecio macroglossus" ("lirime lalikulu").

Mwachilengedwe, mpesa uwu umakula ku South Africa, kuphatikizapo m'madera ouma a Natal. Kuchokera pano pakubwera dzina lina la chomera: "Natal ivy".

Mwa maonekedwe a krestovnik wamkuluZili ngati zowala, koma zimasiyana kwambiri: masamba omwe amawoneka bwino kwambiri: obiriwira, obiriwira, ndi zokutira.

Mfundo yakuti "ivy ivy" ndi tsamba labwino kwambiri lomwe limalongosola kumene dzinalo limatulutsidwa: kulumikiza. Dzina limeneli lapatsidwa kulemekeza klein wa ku Germany wotchedwa Klein, yemwe adaphunzira bwino mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya krestovniki.

Kuwonjezera pa zokongola masamba ndi pabuka pakati mitsempha ndi brownish-wofiirira, wofiirira cuttings, "Natalian Ivy" amakongoletsa m'nyengo yozizira ndi oyambirira kasupe ndi yaying'ono maluwa otumbululuka achikasumonga daisies.

Madzi a chomera ndi owopsa. Ngati zimakhudzana ndi khungu, zimayambitsa kukwiya komanso zomwe zimachitika, ndipo ngati zimalowa m'thupi, zimayambitsa poizoni.

Choncho, krupnoyazkovy krestovnik sayenera kukhala wamkulu kumene kuli ziweto ndi ana ang'onoang'ono.

Chithunzi

Kusamalira kwanu

Zonse mulungu wamkulu-woweruza wodzichepetsa ndipo samafunikanso chilichonse mu chisamaliro. Vuto lalikulu ndi kusungidwa kwa nyengo ndi kutentha kwa nyengo: pamene kusokonezeka m'nyengo yozizira, mpesa uwu uli ndi chizolowezi chogwetsa masamba onse.

Kuunikira

"Natal ivy" imafuna kuwala kowala koma kosiyana. Kuchokera kuwonjezereka kwakukulu, masamba ake amatembenukira chikasu ndi kupiringa. Mawindo a kumpoto okha ndi omwe amatsutsana nawo, ndipo kumwera kwa dzuwa, nyengo yozizira imakhala yofunika.

Kutentha

Kutentha kwa chilimwe chabwino ayenera kukhala tsiku - osapitirira madigiri 25, ndipo usiku - kuyambira 12 mpaka 16. Kukonzekera kwa nyengo kwachitsulo ndibwino kwambiri pa 15-18 madigiri, ndi kotheka kuchepa kufika madigiri 12.

Zolemba za dothi

Dothi la krestnikovayenera kukhala wamba kwa zokoma: ochepa kwambiri, osati owonjezera thanzi, otayirira, opanda mpweya ndi chinyezi chovomerezeka.

Kuchokera kokonzeka kupanga nthaka zogwirizana ndi zomwe zimapangidwira cacti ndi zokometsera.

Nyimbo zotsatirazi zikulimbikitsidwa kuti azidzipanga okha: ndalama zofanana za sod, tsamba lapansi ndi mchenga wochuluka; magawo awiri a nthaka ya sod ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga kapena perlite; sod, tsamba lapansi, peat, humus ndi mchenga - mofanana.

Tikufika

Chidebe chodzala "Natal ivy" ndi bwino kusankha chokwanira osaya komanso osati aakulu kwambiri. Ndi miphika yabwino kwambiri ya phala, yomwe imapangitsa kuti madzi asatuluke komanso kupuma kwa mizu - ceramic, popanda kupitirira kwa glaze. Payenera kukhala ndi dzenje lakutsitsa pansi.

Kuchokera m'munsimu malo osanjikiza a dothi lowonjezera kapena miyala yochepa - Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino - kenaka muike chipinda chadothi chovala mizu ya zomera.

Mizu ya mizu - chiopsezo cha anthu onse osakaniza ndipo pamene chodzala chiyenera kutetezedwa makamaka. Kenaka amadzaza ndi ophatikizidwa, popanda kupondaponda, gawo lodzala.

Kuwaza

Malingana ndi kukula kwa msinkhu ndi msinkhu, Lilime lalikulu lalikulu la mbewu linaphatikizapo zaka zonse 1-3 (zomera zazing'ono - kawirikawiri) m'nyengo yamasika, ndipo mphika umasankhidwa kokha pang'ono kuposa kale.

Pambuyo kugula ndikupereka nthawi ya "Natalian Ivy" kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yokwanira kwa zinthu zatsopano kwa iye kwa milungu iwiri.

Panthawiyi, ndi bwino kusunga chomeracho, osasiya makope omwe alipo kale: mavuto monga matenda ndi tizilombo toononga akhoza kuonekera kuchokera ku nyumba yanu yatsopano.

Ndiye, ngati chomeracho "chikubwera" kwa iwe mumtsuko wovuta kwambiri, uyenera kuupaka, kuwona zinthu zofunika: chophimba choyenera ndi dzenje pansi, chotsekera chotsitsimula, nthaka yosakaniza.

Mukamayikanso, muyenera kufufuza momwe mizu yajambulira imagwira.

Ngati pali malo oonongeka, amachotsedwa, malo ovulalawo amawaza ndi makala omenyedwa. Pogonjetsedwa ndi mizu ya mealybug, muyenera kutsuka mizu, chomera chomera, ndiyeno muzitsata nthaka mumphika ndi tizilombo todothi.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya baptist, Lilime lalikulu limakonda kuchepetsa kuchepa - Kupopera mankhwala mobwerezabwereza m'chilimwe, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - zosavuta, koma ngati chomera chiri mu chipinda chofunda. Kusamba nthawi ndi nthawi mumsamba kudzapindulitsanso mpesa uwu.

Kukula ndi kudulira

Chiŵerengero cha kukula kwa krestovnik yaikuluyi chimadutsa 20-30 masentimita pa chaka, ndipo mwinamwake icho chingakhoze kukula mpaka mamita atatu m'litali. Chitsamba chokonzekera kunyumba chikufuna kuthandizira ndi kudulira.

Tumizani izi liana masikakuti apange wakuda nkhuni chitsamba, chotsani kumasulidwa nyengo yozizira ndi kukonzanso mbewu.

Mtundu uwu wa gadfly umangom'masula msanga masamba pa mphukira zakale, amawonetsedwa kuti ziwonongeke.

Choncho, nthawi zosatha "ivyanja za Natalian" nthawi zambiri zimakula kwa zaka 2-3, kenako zimalowetsedwa ndi zitsanzo zachinyamata zomwe zimakula kuchokera ku cuttings.

Kuthirira

M'nyengo yozizira, "ivy ivy" za madzi nthawi zina zimathiriridwa, kugogomezera mfundo yakuti kupewa kutayira masamba. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, madzi amatha kudula, koma nthawi zambiri, komanso m'chilimwe - mpaka kawiri pa sabata. Pamene kuthirira, nthaka yapansi ya nthaka iyenera kuuma.

Kupaka pamwamba

Kuyambira kuyambira March mpaka August, kuphatikizapo, kawiri pa sabata, Liana amadyetsedwa ndi apadera osakaniza kwa m'nyumba zomera ndi kukongoletsa masamba. M'nyengo yachisanu-yozizira musayambe kuvala.

Maluwa

Creeper iyi, mosiyana ndi Ivy weniweni, imamasula chikasu "daisies". Ngati pa mulungu wanu wamtunduwu, ziwalo zawo zakuda ziwululidwa - izi ndizomwe zimasamalira zomera. Kunyumba, nyengo yamaluwa imakhala pakati pa nyengo yozizira - kuyamba kwa kasupe.

Kuswana

Krupnoyazchkovy krestovnik mosavuta zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings ndi mpweya layeringzovuta kwambiri - mbewu.

Njira zoberekera:

1. Kubalana ndi cuttings.
   Cuttings 4-5 masentimita yaitali amadulidwa mu kasupe kapena chilimwe, ndipo zigawo zili pansi pa mfundo.

   Kubzala zinthu zouma, masamba awiri apansi amachotsedwa, kenako amamera mumdima wambiri, osakaniza.

   Monga lamulo, mizu imapangidwa mu sabata, ndiyeno zidutswazo zimabzalidwa mzidutswa zingapo mu mphika ndi ngalande ndi nthaka yofanana.

2. Liana iyi ikhoza kukhala zimafalitsidwa ndi masamba cuttingszomwe zimangokhala zouma pang'ono, kenako zimatumizidwa ku chotengera ndi madzi kuti zisanayambe kutentha.

   Pambuyo popanga mizu, tsinde la masamba limakula mumdima wosakanikirana ndi mchenga, kenaka nkubzala mu mphika ndi nthaka "wamkulu".

3. Kubalanso poyika.
   Krupnoyazykovyy krestovnik mwa kufuna kwawo kufalitsidwa ndi layering. Mphamvu yakeyi ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutseketsa "voids" m'munsi mwa masamba okhwimitsa: mu mphika womwewo umodzi wa nthambi ukugwa pansi ndikukhazikika.

   Posakhalitsa imayamba mizu ndikupanga mphukira zatsopano. Mankhwalawa akhoza kutumizidwa ku miphika ina. Pambuyo pa rooting, iwo amalekanitsidwa ndi kholo liana.

4. Kufalitsa mbewu.
   Njira yoperekerayi ndi yovuta komanso yambiri. Kuonjezera apo, mbewu ziyenera kukhala zatsopano - mwinamwake kumera kwake kukucheperachepera.

   Kufesa kumachitika mu March, pamwamba pa mvula yowonjezera mchenga. Phimbani ndi filimu ya pulasitiki, nthawi zonse perekani mpweya wowonjezera, yang'anani chinyezi chochepa cha gawolo.

   Mbewu, ngati sizinathenso kumera, zimamera masiku 7-10. Pakubwera masamba awiri enieni, mbande ingakhale pansi.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Matenda opangidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera kwa mulungu:

1. Kusamba ndi kufa kwa masambaKuwonekera kwa madera a browning ndi chizindikiro chakuti chomeracho chimasungidwa m'chipinda chofunda kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yosauka ndi ulimi wambiri.
2. Dera lakuda la masamba - Zotsatira za kutuluka kwa nthawi yaitali kwa dzuwa.
3. Mawanga a Brown ndi abulauni pa masamba, nthawi zambiri pamodzi ndi chikasu chawo, zimawoneka pamene dothi limanyowa, makamaka kuphatikizapo kutentha kwakukulu, kuphatikizapo ngati madzi amathirira madzi ozizira kwambiri.
<>Small, kawirikawiri inalipo masamba, apatsidwe mphukira - zotsatira za kuunikira kokwanira.
4. Kutayika kwa mitundu yokongola - zotsatira za kusowa kwa kuwala kapena zakudya

Krupnoyazchkovy krestovnik chinawonjezeka kutonthozeka kwa chinyontho chambiri mu nthaka, makamaka muzitali kutentha zinthu.

Zikatero, zomera zimakhudzidwa. matenda a fungal ndi kuvunda.

Ngati mutha kugwira ntchitoyi kumayambiriro, nthawi yomweyo ikani mpesa pamalo otentha ndikutsitsa pansi, pali mwayi wobweretsa "Natal ivy".

Mbali zonse zokhudzidwa, zokhutidwa ndi mawanga achikasu kapena imvi powdery mildew, ayenera kuchotsa, kudula ufa wa fungicidal kukonzekera.

Ngati matendawa apita kutali, uyenera kuchotsa mipesa, kusunga zipatso zingapo zathanzi.

Aphid, mealybug, kangaude, nkhanambo, kapena thrips zimatha kukhala pa masamba a mulungu..

Madera omwe amakhudzidwa ndi tizilombowa ayenera kutengedwanso nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi osamwa. Njira zothandiza kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Mbali ya pansi pa mpesa ndi yovuta kwa mealybug. Zikakhala ngati tizirombo, mizu imatsukidwa ndipo nthaka imachizidwa ndi tizilombo todothi.

Maluwa okongola kwambiri a ku South Africa ndi masamba ndi maluwa okongola - "daisies" - chinenero chachikulu cha Senegal, Senezio macroglossus, "Natal ivy", kulumikiza - tsamba lolimba komanso lodzichepetsa kwambiri.

Pokumbukira malamulo ofunika, chomerachi chimakula mofulumira ndipo chimangowonjezereka ndi masamba ndi masamba omwe amasunga masamba obiriwira kapena madontho a chikasu ndi mikwingwirima ya zomera za amayi.