Chuma chachuma ndi phindu - wakuda currant zosiyanasiyana "Belarusian sweet"

Shrub ya mabulosi amapezeka mumunda ndi fungo lapadera ("currant" - mu Russian yakale).

Kotero ife timamutcha iye kwa mazana angapo currants, kusiyanitsa mtundu wa zipatso pa zakuda, zofiira ndi golidi.

Mdima timakonda: molingana ndi kugawa kwachizoloŵezi, zopindulitsa zapadera za zipatso, machiritso a zinthu zonse zamtchire.

Sitileka kukolola zipatso za zomera zakutchire, koma timakonda kwambiri zipatso zosiyanasiyana.

Chigawo cha kuswana ndi mbiri yoswana

Mitundu yakuda ya currant yakuda ndi makontinenti onse a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Kwinakwake currant akuyimira ndi mitundu imodzi yokha, monga ku Europe, ndi kwinakwake ndi mitundu ina yonse ya 149. Makamaka zipatso zambiri zakuthengo - Siberia, Far East ndi North America.

Ntchito yaikulu munthu yemwe anali akugwira ntchito yobiriwira yakuda kuyambira muzaka za m'ma 1500 anali kupeza zipatso zazikulu kusiyana ndi chirengedwe ndi kupereka zatsopano zamoyo-kukana matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Chifukwa chake, zomera zamasamba komanso lero zikugwira nawo mbali popita, ndikupereka makhalidwe apadera monga "Belarusian Sweet".

Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi, abambo a National Institute of Critical Studies of Belarus anagwiritsa ntchito njira yovuta yolumikizira interspecific.

Iwo anatenga ngati mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mawonekedwe a 2-4D kapena 2-6D, mwa chikhalidwe chimene chikhalidwe cha mitundu yambiri ya ku Ulaya ndi mitundu yambiri yosankhidwa kuchokera ku Siberia ndi ku Far East inakhudzidwa.

Zaka 10 zowonjezereka zidapititsa mayesero osiyanasiyana kuti zilowe mu Register Register mu 1979 monga zikulimbikitsidwa kulima m'madera 10 a Russian Federation.

Masiku ano, kalasi yovomerezeka, yodalirika "Chisakasa cha Belarus" - munda wamtengo wapatali m'minda ya mafakitale ndi m'madera aumidzi a madera 45 a Russia. Amadziwika kuti ndiwo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu imeneyi m'malo ozungulira a Non-chernozem.

Komabe, mitundu monga Bagheera, Gulliver, Venus, Dachnitsa, Valovaya ndi Dobrynya nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'minda ya dera lino.

20 zipatso wakuda currant mu chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku - tsiku lililonse thupi lathu mu ascorbic asidi.

Chithunzi

Kutanthauzira kwa Chi Belarusian Chokoma currant zosiyanasiyana

Black currant "Malingaliro achi Belarusi". Ndizo jamu lolunjika, chomera, chomera. M'chilengedwe, imasankha nkhalango zowonjezereka, zigwa ndi mtsinje. Kukula nokha kapena m'madera.

Kwenikweni, zizoloŵezi zomwezo zimakhalanso zosiyana siyana. "Chisakasa cha Belarus":

• Amakonda kuwala, koma sachita manyazi ndi penumbra;
• Amakonda nthaka yobiriwira, koma imakula bwino pamtunda;
• mantha a kutentha amasintha maluwa ndipo salola kulemba madzi.

Mu mthunzi, chomeracho chikhoza kuimitsa fruiting, ndi pafupi ndi chigwa chakutenga chikho.

1. Shrub malinga ndi kutalika kwake, amadziwika kuti ndi amphamvu (mpaka mamita 1.2), malinga ndi kufalikira kwa mphukira - kusamba kwapakati (mpaka 1, 2 mamita).

   Fomuyi imakhala yozungulira, yopanga chitsamba champhamvu champhamvu.

   Amakula chaka chilichonse kuchokera kumunsi ndi mphukira zatsopano, zomwe zimayamba kale kunthambi, ndipo patatha zaka zitatu - zimabala chipatso.

   Amapanga mafupa a chitsamba, omwe pakatha zaka zisanu ndi zitatu amatha kukolola. Nkhungu zowonjezera zimadulidwa patapita nthawi, ndipo chomera chakale, chomwe chafika zaka 15, chimalowetsedwa ndi chatsopano.

2. Mizu ya mizu ali ndi dothi lalikulu mamita 30, koma mtengo waukulu ukhoza kupereka mizu yamphamvu pansi (mpaka mamita 2). Choncho, ndikofunika kuti mubzala ndikuganizira za kuya kwa madzi.
3. Currant Akuwombera amaimiridwa ndi mitundu iwiri (yosakaniza, chipatso, maluwa, kolala). Zilinso zosiyana ndi mtundu: zina mwazo zimakhala za mtundu wa anthocyaonic - mumtundu wofiira wofiira-violet, womwe umadalira chilengedwe cha acidic.

   Kutalikirana pakati - imvi, kusindikiza pang'ono. Mphukira iliyonse yatsopano ili ndi magawo atatu okulirapo komanso 2 (pamwamba) fruiting zones.

4. Impso malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito: kugona, kukula ndi maluwa. Pa mphukira zosiyana, masamba amasiyana mu mtundu, kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Maluwa akukula amapereka kukula kwa mphukira, maluwa - zipatso. Ogona - akudikirira m'mapiko, pokhapokha ngati zinthu zili zovuta kwambiri.
5. Masamba - zobiriwira (zochepa ndi zowala pamapeto a nthambi) zili ndi mapangidwe atatu omwe ali ndi pakati. Pamwamba pa kapepala kameneka ndi kofiira, makwinya, wavy m'mphepete mwa mano. Kuwombera - wofiira-wofiirira, utali wautali.
6. Maluwa - Wodzikonda, umene umadalira chiŵerengero cha stamens ndi gawo. Mtunduwu umakhala wobiriwira kwambiri, maluwawo amakhala ofanana ndi belu, okhala ndi mazati asanu ovundala, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu burashi, pomwe amatha kutsegulidwa maluwa ndi masamba nthawi yomweyo. Maluwa samachitika nthawi imodzi, koma sequentially: kuchokera kumunsi mpaka kumapeto kwa brush.
7. Brushyopangidwa mu maluwa, mu nthawi ya maonekedwe a ovary amayamba kukula kwa 7 cm (3-6 zipatso). Kubzala zipatso ndi zofanana ndi maluwa, nthawi zonse. Mabulu omasuka, opachikidwa, nthawi zina amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu.
8. Berry - zonunkhira, zonunkhira, osati zoyikidwa, muzigawo zosiyana za kukula zimasintha mtundu wobiriwira kupita ku bulauni ndi mdima wakuda; khungu limanyezimira, lakuda ndi dyes - kuchokera ku gulu la flavanoids; mabulosi onse akulemera 1.6 magalamu. mpaka mbewu 37.

   Mavitamini "C" omwe amapatsa zipatso zimapatsa chipatso chokoma kwambiri. Kuwonjezera zipatso kumabweretsa kukhetsa.

9. Perekani mitundu - makilogalamu 5 kuchokera kumtunda kapena 12 t / ha (mu mafakitale). Kukonzekera kumawonjezeka zaka zoposa 4-5, kenako kumakhala kukhazikika (mpaka zaka 12).

   Kukolola kwakukulu kwa chitsamba kumawoneka pa zaka 6-8. Ngakhalenso zovuta pa nthawi ya maluwa sizikhudza zokolola.

Monga kunanenedwa, kukoma kwa currantyi ndibwino, komwe kumapangitsa kupanga kupanikizana kwabwino, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikizapo mitundu ya maapulo a chilimwe: Yellow Sugar, Korobovka, Red Hill, Papirovka, Dachny.

Kupsa nthawi yomweyo kwa zipatso mumtsinje kumatsogolera ku kukula kosiyana kwa chipatso, chomwe chimakhudza kuwonetsera. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yofooketsedwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba.

Main zoyenera Belarusian wakuda currant mitundu:

• Kuyambira kale mu fruiting (kwa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo wa mbeu);
• luso lotha kupanga mungu ndi mphamvu mpaka 72%;
• zambiri pachaka fruiting;
• kucha kucha (pakati pa mwezi wa July);
• kwambiri ogula khalidwe la zipatso;
• chiwerengero cha ntchito;
• chisanu hardiness;
• kukana matenda a bakiteriya ndi nkhupakupa;
• kubalana bwino mwa kukalumikiza.

Ntchito ya zipatso

Popeza kuti Chiswando cha Chi Belarus chimakhala chosiyana siyana, chingagwiritsidwe ntchito motere:

• kuti achire zolinga, mu multivitamin kukonzekera (zipatso, masamba, masamba) ndi anti-inflammatory ointments, pogwiritsa ntchito gamma-linolenic acid yomwe ili mu mbewu;
• chifukwa chokongoletsera, monga chinthu chokonzekera;
• monga chomera chokoma (30kg / ha);
• monga zonunkhira (tiyi, kvass, sauces) ndi zonunkhira za pickling;
• monga chophatikiza cha zakudya za zakudya (shuga-kuchepetsa saladi);
• monga zipangizo zopangira zakumwa ndi zokometsera: timadziti, compotes, syrups, kissels, mapiritsi, vinyo, liqueurs, yogurt, jams, jams, jellies, pastila, kudzaza kwa pie ndi maswiti;
• monga chipatso cha kuzizira kozizira ndi kusunga kukoma kwa zipatso zamoyo.

Black currant imakhalabe ndi zinthu zonse zothandiza pokhapokha pozizira, komanso mu mtundu uliwonse wa ntchito yopangira nyumba.

Zimayenda bwino ndi currants, mwachitsanzo ndi mitundu: Andreichenko, Natalie, Jam, Wokondedwa.

Chisamaliro

Chimene mukufuna kudziwa "Chisakasa cha Belarus" kukula ndi kubereka zipatso m'munda wanu.

1. Kusankha malo abwino:
   • kutsekedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu;
   • ndi kuunikira kokwanira;
   • otetezedwa ku madzi a masika panthawi yotentha;
   • kuchotsedwa kuchokera pansi pa madzi;
   • nthaka acidity si yaikulu kuposa pH7.
2. Kufika mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa Oktoba, kupeŵa kusamutsidwa komweku.
3. Zolengedwa muzomwe zimapangidwira zofunikira (mkati mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana) ndi mtanda (ndi mitundu ina) pollination. Pa nthawi yomweyi mtunda wa pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 mamita.
4. Pofuna kusintha nthawi zonse chitsambacho potsalira za mphukira, poyamba idabzalidwa pansi pa mphindi ya 45 ° kotero kuti mphukirazo zikhale ndi malo oyenera.
5. Mothandizidwa ndi kudulira kasupe kungathandize kwambiri mbewu kubwerera pambuyo yozizira, kusiya 10-12 mphukira za mibadwo yosiyana.
6. Nthawi zonse kuthirira - 10 malita pansi pa chitsamba.
7. Kutsegulira kumayenera kutsogolera kuthirira.
8. Kupalira ndi kofunikira kwa currants.
9. 2 nthawi pa nyengo currants makamaka sprayed ndi yankho la mkuwa sulphate.
10. Kukonzekera chitsamba m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse owuma ndi chingwe cholimba kuti mutuluke m'tchire mu gawo lachimake.

Mu chisanu choopsa kwambiri, pakati pa dzinja ndibwino madzi madzi ndi nthaka pansi pake ndi madzi otentha. Matenda oterewa amachititsa kuti tsaya likhale lokwanira komanso kukula kwa zipatsozo.

Ponena za matenda, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi matenda omwe amafala kwambiri pa zokolola zamtunduwu zomwe zalembedwa pa webusaiti yathu. Zinalembedwa: anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, oidium ndi mildew, komanso //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha .html, dzimbiri, bakiteriya kutentha ndi khansa ya bakiteriya, rubella.

Black currant zosiyanasiyana "Belarusian sweet" - chuma cha thanzi ndi phindu mu chomera chimodzi. Bzalani mzere - kupambana mu zokolola.