Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kukongoletsa kabichi - zokongoletsa ya yophukira mabedi ndi chilimwe kanyumba

Chokongoletsera kabichi ndi chodzichepetsa chomera chomwe chingakhale chokongola chenicheni cha nyumba ya chilimwe mu kugwa, mpaka kuzizira kwambiri ndi chisanu.

Chomera chodabwitsa ichi chili ndi mitundu yambiri. Ali ndi mitundu yambiri, yosiyana ndi mtundu wawo ndi mawonekedwe a inflorescences.

M'nkhani yathu mudzaphunzira chiyambi ndi maonekedwe a chomera chokongola komanso chodzichepetsa. Tidzakuuzani momwe mungamere ndi kufalitsa kukongoletsa kabichi, momwe mungasamalirire. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza.

Kodi "maluwa" awa ndichifukwa chiyani amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo?

Kabichi kabichi ali ndi dzina lachilatini Brassica oleracea var. acephala. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kabichi curly, komanso brassica. Zomera zabwinozi ndi zamasamba zogwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa ndi chakudya chodetsedwa komanso chinthu chokongoletsera chomwe chimakongoletsa mabedi a maluwa m'nyengo yozizira, pamene pafupifupi maluwa onse atha.

M'chaka choyamba cha kayendedwe kake kabichi, masamba a masamba amakula. Chaka chotsatira, chomeracho chimabala mapesi a maluwa, kenako, zipatso zimapangidwa ngati mbewu. Maluwa a kabichi okha ndi aakulu, anasonkhana mu burashi wopangidwa ndi mulu wa maluwa, ndi kuyima stamens ndi sepals.

Korolla ili ndi utoto wofiira kapena woyera. Tsinde la zomera nthawi yayitali, mizu ndi yofunika kwambiri. Masamba amasonkhanitsidwa nthawi zambiri mumsana, monga duwa. Mitundu yotereyo imatchedwa mutu, kapena rosettes. Mitundu yamaluwa imakhala ndi masamba otalika kwambiri omwe amakhala pamtunda wautali..

Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyana siyana, masamba amasiyana-siyana: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofiira, yobiriwira, lilac, pinki, violet, yofiira, yomwe ingasinthe pa nyengo. Maonekedwe a masamba akhoza kukhala ofewetsa, ofewa kapena oundana, pamphepete mwa pepala losungunuka kapena lopindika.

Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa autumn masamba a brassica amakhala ndi mawonekedwe awo.A: Kutalika kwa hybrids zosiyana kumakhala pakati pa 20 cm ndi 130 masentimita, ndi kukula kwa 90 cm.

Kabichi yokongoletsera ikhoza kukhala yokongoletsa bedi kapena nyumba ya chilimwe pandekha komanso ngati mbali ya zomera zokhala ndi zomera zina. Popeza kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya brassica kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa masamba, zomwe zimapangidwa m'munda, zokhala ndi oimira mitundu yonse ya mitundu iyi, zingathe kupanga mitundu yambiri.

Brassik ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga bouquets. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kukometsera madzi pang'ono, ndipo maluwawo amatha mwezi wonse.

Pakatikati mwa mabedi a maluwa, wamtali wamtali wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya yokongola kabichi yozunguliridwa ndi zomera za rosette amawoneka okongola kwambiri. Mapangidwe oyambirira akhoza kupanga kuchokera ku cabbages ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma kukula kwake. Mitengo ya kabichi ndi yabwino kwambiri popanga makombero..

Tikupempha kuti tiwone vidiyo yokhudza zinthu za yokongola kabichi:

Chithunzi cha kabichi m'makonzedwe a dziko

Umu ndi mmene mafilimu amawonetsera ngati maonekedwe a dziko:

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha brassica

The progenitress wa masiku ornamental kabichi ndi zilombo kabichi ndi yosalala ndi curly masamba., wotchuka ku Greece kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma IV BC. er Aroma akale amayamikira kwambiri kabichi ngati chida chabwino chochiritsa.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, maluwa ambiri a kabichi ndi maluwa anayamba kuonekera ku Ulaya. Anthu a ku Japan anali oyamba kuwona zokongoletsera za kabichi. Iwo anayamba kusankha mitundu yatsopano ya brassica kuti apange minda yawo. Masiku ano, chidwi cha zokongoletsera za yokongola kabichi chikukula paliponse.

Zosiyana ndi zina mitundu

Kukongoletsa kabichi ndiyimilira banja la kabichi, lomwe limatchedwa Cruciferous, mtundu wa kabichi curly. Zili zofanana ndi mitundu ina ya kabichi, koma palinso kusiyana:

1. kabichi yokongoletsera yokha imasudzulidwa makamaka chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwa nyumba za chilimwe ndi mabedi;
2. mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, kabichi imakhala yosagwira kuzizira komanso ngakhale yolimba kwambiri ya chisanu;
3. zokongoletsera kabichi zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amawoneka ngati duwa mfumukazi ya maluwa;
4. mitundu ina nthawizonse imakhala ndi mtundu winawake - wobiriwira, wofiira, wofiirira, koma mitundu yokongoletsera yokha ikhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosawerengeka ya mitundu;
5. Ili ndi masamba osungunuka, ndi Kale kabichi ndi Savoy kabichi - nayenso, koma ena onse ali ndi masamba osalala.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Ubwino wa mkuwa ukhoza kuganiziridwa:

• aesthetics ndi kukongoletsa;
• nyengo ya nyengo;
• mitundu yambiri ya mitundu;
• kukana kuzizira, ngakhale chisanu mpaka -12 ° C;
• kukula ndi mbewu kapena mbande;
• kudziletsa pa kulima;
• matenda;
• luso lobwezeretsa;
• chilengedwe chonse chikugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chodya cha masamba ndi chokongola chomera chokongoletsera.

Zowononga zomera zingaganizidwe:

• masamba obirira ambiri poyerekezera ndi kabichi yoyera;
• masambawo amakhala owawa pang'ono mpaka frostbitten;
• chisamaliro;
• chisanu chisanawoneke bwino.

Kodi n'zotheka kudya?

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa ngati mungadye masamba awa kapena ayi, ndiye dziwani kuti kabichi zokongoletsera zimadyedwa. Amayikidwa mu saladi kapena amawombera ndi mbatata, makamaka ngati masamba ali aang'ono, zamzitini m'nyengo yozizira. Chosalemba chimenecho chikhoza kuoneka chodabwitsa kwambiri, monga masamba amasunga mawonekedwe awo.

Asanaphike kabichi ayenera kukhala mazira, ndiyeno thawed. Njirayi imaletsa mkwiyo. Mukhoza kumulola kudyetsa ng'ombe.

Kodi mitundu yabwino kwambiri yotchedwa ndi yooneka ngati iti?

1. Kai ndi Gerda - kabichi yatsopano yatsopano, yomwe imafika 50 cm m'litali, imakhala ndi emerald ndi masamba ofiira.
2. Kerin - chosakanizidwa chosakanizika 60 cm mu msinkhu ndi rosette m'chilimwe choyamba emerald mtundu, ndiyeno monga kutsegula kwa yosalala masamba - yowala maluwa atatu, ofanana ndi maluwa.
3. Tokyo - miyala ya rosette ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 35, ndi masamba akunja a mdima wobiriwira ndi mkati mkati, pinki ndi ofiira, pang'ono wavy ndi corrugated pamphepete.
4. Kutuluka kwa dzuwa - Mtengo wamtali wokwana 90 masentimita mukusowa thandizo, ndi imodzi kapena zingapo za rosettes za mtundu wodetsedwa kwambiri wofiira-pinki ndi maluwa okongola.
5. Boheme - chomera chokhala ndi ma rosettes otseguka mpaka masentimita 40 mu msinkhu komanso ndi awiri a wavy, wozungulira kapena wojambula masamba mpaka masentimita 55, kusintha mtundu wawo kuchokera kubiriwira kwambiri mpaka kufiira pakati.
6. Nagoya - wosakanizidwa mpaka masentimita 60, wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira, m'mphepete mwa masamba obiriwira komanso pakati pa oyera kapena pinki.
7. Mchira wa peacock - chikhalidwe chochepa mpaka 30 cm, kawirikawiri kukhala ndi mtundu wa masamba ovekedwa kuchokera ku phokoso kunja ndi kuphulika mkati kapena kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka woyera.
8. Kamome wofiira - Chomera chochepa chomwe chimakhala ndi kutalika kwa 15-25 masentimita ndi kuwala kofiira, masamba obiriwira kunja ndi mdima wofiira mkati mwake, mtundu umene umapitsidwanso patsogolo kutentha.

Chithunzi

Onaninso chithunzi cha "maluwa" ndi mayina a mitundu yake:

Kerin

Nagoya

Tokyo

Kutuluka kwa dzuwa

Mchira wa peacock

Pamene kubzala mbewu ndi kukula bwanji masamba kuchokera mbande?

Mukamabzala mbewu, m'pofunikira kuganizira zimenezo zathanzi ndi mbande zamphamvu zimangokhala ndi kusunga bwino zofunikira zonse. Ganizirani zomwe zimabzala ndi kusamalira kunja ndi kunyumba.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira panja

Zowonongeka zimagulidwa pa mtengo wa ma ruble 12 kwa 0,1 magalamu mpaka makumi asanu ndi awiri (245) za makoswe pa mbewu 100, mukhoza kugula mbewu makumi asanu ndi limodzi (7) kuchokera pa tsamba 14 pa webusaiti: semenapost.ru, abekker.ru, semena-tut.ru, 1semena.ru, ncsemena.ru ndi ena. Kutumiza ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg kawirikawiri kumachitika ndi makalata, m'madera a Russia - ndi Russian Post.

1. Nthawi yobwera: Eya, kuopsya kwa chisanu kuyenera kutayidwa.
2. Malo oti afike: chiwembu cha dzuwa kuti zomera zikhale zowala.
3. Nthaka: mchenga kapena loamy.
4. Tikufika: Mbewu 1 imayikidwa pazitsime kuzama masentimita 1.5, mtunda wa pakati pa nyemba ndi 3 masentimita, mbewuzo zimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yosalala.
5. Kutentha: osachepera - 8-10 ° С, maximum - 14-18 ° С, yabwino kwambiri - 10-14 ° С.
6. Kuthirira: Mutabzala, mbewu zimathiridwa mochuluka.
7. Kupaka pamwamba: Pamene mubzala humus ndi phulusa kapena mchere feteleza ndiwonjezeredwa ku zitsime, organic feteleza kapena nitrogenous feteleza akhoza kuwonjezeredwa monga kabichi limakula.
8. Zina zothandizira masamba: Pamene ziboliboli zikufalikira, zimamera ndi ziphuphu za dziko lapansi zakhala pamtunda wa masentimita 6 ndi mzake, kupuma, kumasula ndi kukwera kumachitika katatu pa nyengo.
9. Kukolola: Ngati kabichi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti idye chakudya, ndiye kuti tsamba laling'ono limakololedwa pamene ilo likuphuka, pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la chilimwe ndi yoyambirira yophukira; Kawirikawiri zokongoletsera kabichi zimachotsedwa ku chisanu choopsa pa tsiku louma ndi mpeni ndi fosholo.

Kukula pakhomo

Zomera zobzala zingathe kugulidwa pamtengo wa ma ruble khumi ndi awiri (0,1 gramu) mpaka mabala makumi asanu ndi awiri (245), omwe amatha kugulira mbeu makumi asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera pa webusaitiyi: semenapost.ru, abekker.ru, semena-tut.ru, 1semena.ru , ncsemena.ru ndi ena. Kutumiza ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg kawirikawiri kumachitika ndi makalata, m'madera a Russia - ndi Russian Post.

1. Nthawi yobwera - March, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April.
2. Malo oti afike: loggia kapena malo ozizira kwambiri m'nyumba, bwino.
3. Nthaka: Sakanizani mchenga ndi mchenga mofanana, phulani phulusa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito makapu kapena miphika.
4. Tikufika: mu nthaka yonyowa mozama masentimita 1.
5. Kutentha: osachepera - 8-10 ° С, maximum - 14-16 ° С, yabwino kwambiri - 12-14 ° С.
6. Kuthirira: osamalitsa, koma musalole kuti nthaka iume.
7. Kupaka pamwamba: Phulusa la nkhuni kapena feteleza zamchere zimaphatikizidwira pazitsime zikabzalidwa.
8. Zina zothandizira masamba: Kusankha, chivundikiro, chithunzi chowonjezera cha nyali.
9. Kukolola: chifukwa kudya masamba ang'onoang'ono amakololedwa m'chilimwe; ngati cholinga chachikulu ndi kukongoletsera, ndiye kuti chisanu chimakula; pamene mukukolola kabichi muzigwiritsa ntchito mpeni ndi fosholo.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuwonera kanema za zinthu zomwe zikukula yokongola kabichi kuchokera ku mbewu:

Sungani yosungirako

Bungwe: Kuti muwone maluwa a brassica chaka chotsatira ndikupeza mbewu, muyenera kukumba ma rosettes ndi mizu isanayambike chisanu, kukulunga mizu ndi kukulunga pulasitiki, ndi kupachika masamba a kabichi pamalo ozizira.

Mu kasupe, ikadzayamba kutentha, chomera kabichi mu nthaka ya thawed. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe padzakhala nkhwangwa ndi mbeu zomwe zingabzalidwe nyengo yotsatira.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngati zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi blackleg kapena mizu yovunda, imayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo zina zonse zimaphatikizidwa ndi Phytosporin, motsatira malangizo. Ngati zomera zikugwedezeka ndi slugs, okonda kabichi iliyonse, nkofunika kupopera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda., mwachitsanzo, Slizneedom. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kuthyola dothi ndi kukulumikiza ndi pine sawdust. Phulusa losakanizidwa ndi phulusa kapena mankhwala opopera mankhwala a Commodore amathandizira ku cruciferous nthata.

Kupewa mavuto osiyanasiyana

Ndi njira zabwino zenizeni zothandizira zitha kupewedwa mavuto ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Kuti muchite izi, nthawi zonse muziwombera kabichi, udzu, kutsanulira kumunsi kwake osakaniza mchenga wa mtsinje ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Pambuyo mvula, mumatha kutsuka njira ya superphosphate pa mlingo wa 100 g pa 10 malita a madzi.

Kutsiliza

Kukongoletsa kabichi ndi zachilendo ndi zodabwitsa zokongola chomera, wodzichepetsa kwambiri, zomwe zingamere ngakhale woyang'anira minda yamaphunziro. Ikhoza kudyedwa. Koma chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti iye sachita mantha ndi kuzizira ndipo ndi wokongola kwambiri kuchokera kwa iwo.

Mitundu yambiri ya masamba omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe amakupangitsani kupanga zojambula zosangalatsa zambirimbiri mu flowerbeds ndi minda yomwe imakongoletsa kuyambira nthawi yachisanu mpaka nyengo yozizira, choncho kutchuka kwa mtunduwu pakati pa alimi akukula padziko lonse lapansi.