Pafupifupi m'munda uliwonse, mapeyala amakula. Ngakhale chikhalidwechi ndi chotentha, olima m'maluwa amabzala ku Russia konse. Kuti peyalayo ikule bwino ndikukula mu zikhalidwe za m'chigawo cha Moscow, ndikofunikira kusankha zosiyanasiyana, zodzala, ndi malo ake.
Mukadzala peyala m'malo ocheperako
Mbande zazing'ono za peyala ku Moscow zitha kubzalidwa nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira, pomwe zina zake zimayenera kukumbukiridwa. Kutambalala mu kasupe kumachitika masiku otentha asanafike, omwe malinga ndi njira yapakati amagwa kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi. Monga lamulo, amasankha nthawi yomwe matalala agona kale, koma masamba pamitengo sanawonekere. Mukugwa, wolima mundawo ali ndi nthawi yambiri yobzala - kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembala mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala. Nyengo yamvula isanayambe, mbande zimakhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika ndikukonzekera bwino nyengo yozizira.
Kubzala peyala kumapeto kwa malo okhala
Musanadzalemo peyala patsamba lanu, muyenera kuganizira zochita zingapo kuti muchotse mbande kuti zitha bwino m'tsogolo.
Kusankha kwa Giredi
Makhalidwe a mdera la Moscow ndiwakuti chilimwe m'derali kukutentha, nyengo yotentha imakhala yozizira, ndipo chisanu chimadza molawirira kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, thaws komanso kutentha kwakutali kumachitika. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chidwi chochuluka chimayenera kulipidwa pakusankhidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana: mmera uyenera kupatsidwa osati kungokana chisanu, komanso kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu. Ganizirani mitundu ina ya mapeyala, omwe amakonda kwambiri malo okhala.
Lada ndi Chizhovskaya adzakhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha njira yapakatikati. Angathenso kukhala kolimbikitsidwa kwa wamaluwa a novice chifukwa chamasamalidwe osamalidwa. Mitunduyi imabweretsa chaka chilichonse kubweretsa zipatso zabwino zonunkhira komanso zokoma.
Chimodzi mwa mitundu yoyenera Chigawo cha Moscow ndi Pear Chizhovskaya
Katunduyu adzapereka zokolola kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Zosiyanasiyana ndizachilengedwe, zopangidwa ndi chisanu, chitetezo chokwanira, chimabala zipatso nthawi zonse. Zipatso zimatha kudyedwa osati zatsopano, komanso kukonzekera kuti zizisungidwa.
Peyala ya cosmic ikhwima pofika mwezi wa Ogasiti ndipo imakhala ndi zipatso zambiri, sizigwirizana ndi nkhanambo, ikukhazikika pakusamalidwa. Ndizoyenera kuganizira kuti mitundu ya chilimwe sioyenera kusunga kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yochepa - kuyambira milungu iwiri mpaka masiku 40.
Wovambulidwa ku Efimova - mitundu yotchuka yakucha ya nyundo. Zipatsozi zimawoneka bwino komanso zimakoma kwambiri. Koma kusiyanasiyana kuli ndi vuto limodzi lalikulu - kukana chisanu. Komabe, ngati mtengowo umaperekedwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera, ndiye kuti peyala m'chigawo cha Moscow ndikondweretsanso zipatso zokoma. Ngakhale kuti ndi nthawi yachilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira, sikuti ndizochepetsedwa nthawi yozizira kupita kwa mapeyala osachepera nthawi yozizira.
Mitundu ya peyala Nyadnaya Efimova imakhala ndi chisanu chochepa, koma chisamaliro choyenera, imatha kusangalala ndi zipatso zokoma m'matauni
Otradnenskaya - zipatso zipsa kumapeto kwa September ndipo zimatha kusungidwa kwa miyezi itatu. Peyala ndi yoyenera makamaka kumalongeza.
Ponena za mitundu yozizira, m'chigawo chomwe anthu amawaganizira sichikhala chofala chifukwa cha nyengo. Zipatso za mitunduyi zilibe nthawi yoti zipse musanakolole komanso kungozizira.
Malo okula
Pakubzala peyala, muyenera kusankha malo abwino oti sangabise chilichonse. Ma 5-6 mita akuyenera kuchotsedwa munyumbayo. Kubzala mbande kumayenera kuchitika m'malo osawopsezedwa ndi madzi. Madzi oyandikira pansi sayenera kuyandikira kuposa 3 m padziko lapansi.
Mpando suyenera kukhala wouma chabe, komanso.
Kuti peyala lizimva bwino, dothi liyenera kukumana ndi zofunikira monga madzi ndi mpweya wabwino. Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti chonde chikusungidwa mu mizu ndikulola mbewu kuti ikule bwino ndikukula.
Podzala peyala, muyenera kusankha malo abwino oti sangabise chilichonse
M'minda yolimidwa bwino, dzenje lobzala mbewu yomwe mukufunikira siyikakonzedweratu. Zikhala zokwanira kukumba pang'ono kakang'ono kukula kwa mizu ya mmera ndi chomera moyenera. Ngati dothi lomwe lili patsamba lino ndilabwino, ndiye kuti kukonzekera koyeneranso kuyenera. Pankhaniyi, dzenje lobzala limadzaza ndi zofunikira zomwe zimapatsa thanzi peyalayi kwa zaka zochepa.
Kusankha Mmera
Mukamasankha zodzala, muyenera kuzipenda bwino, kuzifufuza, kupatsa chidwi chokha ndi zitsanzo zabwino. Ngati kumwera mutha kubzala mitengo pachaka, ndiye kuti kumadera akumpoto kwathunthu ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbande zazaka ziwiri. Pogula, amayang'anitsitsa mphukira yapakati: iyenera kukhala yosalala, yosinthika, yopanda kuwonongeka ndikukhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 80-85 cm.
Mukamagula mmera wa peyala, muyenera kupenda thunthu ndi mizu yake
Ngati mmera wokhala ndi mizu yotseguka ndikusankhidwa, ndiye kuti mizu iyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa. Ayenera kukhala athanzi, osinthika, osakhala malo owuma komanso owola, ndikukhala oyera pakudula. Mukamagula zinthu zobzala mumtsuko, ndiye kuti, ndi mizu yotsekeka, mutha kuchotsa gawo lapansi kuti muwonenso mizu yake.
Kanema: momwe mungasankhire mmera
Kutambalala
Ngati mitengo ingapo yabzalidwa pamalopo, muyenera kutsatira njira ina ya malo ake. Mtunda pakati pa mapeyala zimatengera mwachindunji chomera chomwe adalumikiza. Ngati chidebe chotalikirapo chikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Ankalumikiza, ndiye kuti njira yobzala ikhale motere: 5 m pakati pamitengo mumizere ndi 6 mita pakati pamizere. Kwa mitengo yokhala ndi chitsa chocheperako, pulani ya 4 * 5 m imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pazomera zazing'ono - 3 * 4 m.
Chonde ndi gawo limodzi la mbewu yomwe kumtengowo idalumikizidwa kumtengo kapena tsinde.
Omwe alimi ena m'malo mwawo amabzala mitengo mokwanira kuti mitundu yambiri ibzalidwe. Koma popita nthawi, peyala imakula, yomwe imasokoneza kukula ndi kukula kwake, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusintha ndikuchotsa zochuluka.
Kukonzekera kwa dzenje
Mukabyala peyala, muyenera kukumba, ndipo ndibwino kuchita izi kuyambira kugwa. Mizere yake iyenera kukhala motere: 1 mita mulifupi ndi 60 cm. Njerwa zosweka ziyenera kuthiridwa pansi, zomwe zimagwira ngati chopopera. Khomali lotalika masentimita 50 limayendetsedwa pakatikati pa dzenje kuti ikonzetse mmera. Mtengo wolimba komanso wopangidwa bwino ungabzalidwe kokha m'nthaka yabwino. Kudzaza dzenje pansi pa peyala, zigawo zotsatirazi zakonzedwa:
- 2 zidebe za humus;
- 2 zidebe za peat;
- 400 g wa potaziyamu sulfate;
- 200 g wa superphosphate.
Dzenje logonera liyenera kukhala mita imodzi ndi 60 cm
Ngati dothi ndilopendekeka, ndiye kuti ndiwofunika kuwonjezera zidebe ziwiri za mchenga wowuma. Zida zonse ndizosakanikirana bwino.
Kufika pang'onopang'ono
Asanabzala, mbande zimayikidwa kwa maola 5-6 m'madzi. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera zowonjezera mapangidwe a mizu, mwachitsanzo, Kornevin. Mizu yotsatana imadulidwa masentimita angapo. Kupereka bwino kumatira kwa mizu pansi, amaphikidwa mu dongo lamadzi. Ntchito zonse kukonzekera zikamalizidwa, mutha kuyambapo. Imachitika motere:
- Pansi pa dzenjelo, amapanga phiri laling'ono pomwe mmera udzaikako, ndikufalitsa mizu yake, kenako ndikuwaza ndi dothi lapansi.
Pansi pa dzenjelo, pansi pamakhala dothi, pomwe mmera umayikidwa
- Pendekerani pansi, kuyesa kuti musawononge mizu.
- Dzazani bwino bowo lanu, ndikuyika mmera kuti muzu wake ukhale wazitali masentimita asanu ndi limodzi.
Mbewu za peyala zimabzalidwa kuti khosi la mizu ndi 4-6 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka
- Mmera umamangirira msomali ndi nsanza.
Kupanga mtengo kuthana ndi mphepo, umamangirizidwa ndi msomali wamatabwa
- Kuzungulira mitengoyo kumapangitsa dothi loumbika kuti lisunge madzi nthawi yothirira.
- Mutabzala, ndowa ziwiri zamadzi zimathiridwa pang'onopang'ono, dothi lozungulira mmera limadzaza.
Mutabzala pansi pa peyala, ndowa zamadzi 2-3 zimathiridwa, ndikulola kuti zimere
Khosi la muzu ndi malo osinthika kuti mizu ikhale gawo la mlengalenga.
Khosi la mmera ndi malo osinthika a mizu kupita mlengalenga
Mmera uyenera kuthiriridwa mosasamala kanthu kuti kukugwa mvula kapena ayi. Madzi amafunikira osati kungothira nthaka, komanso kuti nthaka ikhale yofanana komanso kuchotsera voids muzu.
Vidiyo: Kubzala mbande za peyala
Momwe mungabzalale peyala m'dzinja m'matumba oyandikira
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kubzala kwa peyala m'chigawo cha Moscow ndichisankho chambiri chodzala. Kuphatikiza apo, mutabzala mu yophukira, kuuma kwa mtengo nthawi yachisanu kudzakhala kwakukulu. Ngati pazifukwa zina mmera mutagula sutha kubzalidwa panthawiyi, mutha kungoyimitsa mpaka kumapeto. Mbali yodziwika bwino pakubzala kwa nthawi yophukira ndikuti mizu sifupikemo pansi pake, koma mbali zowonongeka ndi zakufa zokha zimadulidwa. Kupanda kutero, njira yonse yokonzekeretsa ikamatera dzenje ndikutera ikufanana ndi njirayi.
Zolakwika zazitali
Ngakhale kubzala kumakhala kosavuta, kuyang'anira kulikonse kungayambitse kuchepa kapena kukula kwa mmera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zolakwika zomwe oyambitsa wamaluwa ayamba kupanga:
- Sikoyenera kukonzekera dzenje lanyumba musanabzalidwe, popeza muzu wa mbande umazika mizu, chifukwa chomera sichikula bwino.
- Podzala, musatenge mbewu zokhala zaka zoposa ziwiri. Zakalezozo zikamera, zimapweteka kwambiri ndikaziika kumalo ena.
- Mafuta ambiri a feteleza ayenera kupewedwa mutabzala, chifukwa izi zimakhudza kukula kwa mizu.
- Simuyenera kubzala peyala pasadakhale, chifukwa chake gawo lakumwambalo lidzayamba kukhazikika ndipo mtengowo umangoyimitsa nyengo yachisanu ikayamba.
Mukabzala mbande, zolakwika zimatha kupangidwa zomwe ziyenera kupewa: 1 - kubzala kolakwika, mizu yake ndi yopanda tanthauzo ndikugwada; 2-cholakwika, kukwera kwambiri, mizu ndi yopanda kanthu; 3-molakwika, khosi la mizu limakhazikika kwathunthu; 4-zolondola
Bzalani peyala mothandizidwa ndi nyakulima wa novice. Komabe, kuti mupange bwino njirayi, ndikofunikira kuganizira zina, komanso kuwunika ukadaulo wa mbewuyi. Pokhapokha izi mmera ukadzamera bwino ndikuyamba kukula ndikukula.
