Mphesa za Ruslan zidabwera ku Russia kuchokera ku Zaporizhzhya minda yazayokha ya amateur obereketsa Vitaly Zagorulko. Anayesetsa kuti apange mitundu yovuta kulimbana ndi zipatso zokhazikika pachaka, kubereka bwino, komanso kusungika bwino. Ma 90s a zaka zapitazi adamubweretsera zipatso mu zonse: zokolola zomwe amapanga, komanso kutchuka kwa wolemba monga Laura, Talisman, Arcadia, Zaporozhye Mphatso, Delight, Ruslan.
Kukula mwabadwa m'zinthu zonse
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya Zagorulko, koma iliyonse imalimidwa ndikupukutidwa. Ntchito yoswana yodziwika bwino idatenga zaka 20. Wokhathamira-wokangalika wofunsayo adalumikizana ndikumakana mpaka atapeza mtundu wokhawo wosakanizidwa womwe umakwaniritsa zofunikira zake zonse: podziyimira nokha, ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso molingana ndi njira zotsatsira malonda. Adaganizira ndikuwona zotsatirazi monga zofunikira kwambiri pazopangira zake zatsopano:
- kupsa koyambirira ndi kucha kucha;
- wokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu komanso zokulirapo;
- kupanda mbewu ndikudziyipitsa;
- kukana matenda.
Ruslan ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya obereketsa Vitaly Zagorulko
Munali m'chipinda chamalonda chamtunduwu chapamwamba kwambiri chomwe amodzi mwa mitundu yake yosakanizidwa, Ruslan, adalowa. Iye, komanso zikhalidwe zina, monga Moor, Libya, Bazhen, Lily of the Valley, Veles, Vodograi, Sofia, mobwerezabwereza adapambana kapena kutenga malo olemekezeka komanso opambana mphoto pazionetsero zamayiko ena zopangidwa ndi minda ndi masukulu aulimi aku Ukraine kuyambira 2008 mpaka 2011.
Kukucha koyambirira kwa mphesa za Ruslan kumalola kuti ubzalidwe kumera komwera komanso dera la chernozem ku Russia
Zikhalidwe zitatu zidakhala makolo a a Ruslan: Mphatso Zaporozhye, Kuban ndi Delight. Zachidziwikire, aborigine akumwera sakanatha kupanga mitundu yakumpoto. Koma, ngakhale zinali choncho, kulima kwa chisanu kumeneku kunakhudza alimi ambiri aluso. Kupatula apo, Ruslan adawonetsa stamina mpaka -250C. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zatsopanozi ziyenera kuti zidafalikira kumpoto kwa Ukraine komanso mpaka kumadera ozizira a Russia. Kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira kumeneku komanso kuphatikizidwa mwakuthupi kumathandizira kuti Ruslan awoneke ngakhale m'minda yomwe ili pafupi ndi Moscow.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu Ruslan - tebulo
Ndipo izi sizonse zodabwitsa za mphesa zamitundu iyi. M'pofunikanso kutchulanso za chitetezo chabwino kwambiri ku matenda aoko, kuthekera kokula m'minda yaying'ono yayikulu komanso yayikulu, kukula kwa mipesa poyera komanso mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Kunena za muluwo ndi chipatso chomwe, ukuluwo unakulakonso. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa izi.
| Makhalidwe | |
| Gawo la tebulo Ruslan | Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, popanga timadziti ndi ma vin, ma jellies, marmalade, ndi zoumba zoumba. |
| Acidity Ovomerezeka | 6.5 g / l |
| Zambiri za shuga | 17,5 - 18,5 g |
| Gulu | Muluwo ndi wopatsa. Kulemera kwapakati pa 700-800 g. Record kulemera kwa 1300 g. |
| Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a mwana wosabadwayo | Kulemera kwa gawo limodzi ndi 14-20 g. Mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira ozungulira. |
| Mtundu ndi kukoma | Zipatso ndi zakuda buluu, pafupi ndi zakuda. Imakoma kukoma, kosalolera, ndi kukhudza kwa maula. |
| Khalidwe La Peel | Peel yocheperako yokhala ndi matte odziwa ndi yofowoka komanso yosaoneka mukamaluma zipatso. |
| Mafupa | 1-2 zidutswa pa chipatso chilichonse. |
| Kukula kwa burashi ndi zipatso | Masiku 105-110. |
| Zopatsa | Pamwamba. Maburashi samakonda kukhetsa. Amatha kupendekera pamtengo kwa nthawi yayitali osawonongeka pachipatsocho. |
Zithunzi Zithunzi: Mphesa za Ruslan kuchokera kwa obereketsa Zagorulko
- Mitundu ya Ruslan ndiyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kupangira timadziti ndi ma vin, jelly, marmalade, ndi zoumba
- Kulemera kwa gulu la a Ruslan ndi 700-800 g, pomwe kulibe burashi
- Zipatso sizokonzeka kukhetsa ndipo zimatha kupachikidwa pamtengo kwa nthawi yayitali osadzivulaza.
Ndemanga wamaluwa pa mphesa za Ruslan
Ndimakonda kwambiri Ruslan, ngakhale sanakhale ambiri ndipo sizinganene kuti adayesedwa kwazaka zambiri m'malo ambiri. Koma ndimalimbikitsa kwa aliyense, kuphatikiza polima m'malo ozizira. Fomu la haibridi limakhazikika ndi kukhazikika, limakoma zoonekeratu kuchokera ku Kuban, ndipo mwinanso limapitirira, ngakhale mulibe nutmeg, koma zolemba zina zabwino. Timakhwima m'chigawo cha Ogasiti 1-5. Mu 2013, chitsamba chidawonongeka nthawi yachisanu, monga zina zambiri. Kubwezeretsa, kuwonetsa masango angapo.
Evgeny Polyanin//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=180.0
Ruslan wanga akadali wachichepere. Chaka chatha, adabzala ndi chogwirizira kuti azikhazikika. Zinakula bwino. Mukugwa, idadulidwa kuti ipange fan. Chaka chino, mphukira zamphamvu zisanu zikubwera, imodzi ili ndi gulu laling'ono. Pakalipano pali ana ambiri ondipeza, ndipo, chosangalatsa, ngakhale mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a inflorescence pa ana anga ondipeza.
Mphesa za Vlad//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=180.0
Wamaluwa odziwa zambiri amadziwa kuti masamba a Ruslan ndi osavuta kugwa
Ruslan akadali ndi vuto ... Mwamwini, ndimakonda mavu. Makamaka atatha kuswa. Ngakhale kukoma, kukula kwa zipatso ndi ma bullets, nthawi yakucha ndi magawo ena onse zimagwirizana nane. Sindikudziwa kuti ndi ndani, koma tchire langa silikula chonchi, mwachitsanzo, chi Talisman. Koma pamwamba pa avareji.
KI//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=16125
Njira za Agrotechnical zokulira nthawi yakula
Ruslan, ngati ngwazi yake yodziwika kuchokera pa ndakatulo ya Pushkin, ndiwokhazikika, amatha kudziyimira payekha. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti sangayamikire zabwino komanso chisamaliro chanyengo chanyengo ndi nyengo ya kukula.
Kubzala odulidwa
Ngakhale nthaka yake ndi yosavuta kutengera, chikhalidwechi chimakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi dothi lophatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa humus ndi peat. Onetsetsani kuti mwakonza ngalande kuchokera pansi pa dzenjelo m'munsi mwa dzenjelo, apo ayi kuzungulira kwamadzi kumabweretsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha bowa ndi nkhungu pamasamba ndi zipatso kapena ngati zipatso zakuphulika.
Zidulidwe musanabzalidwe mu nthaka ziyenera kuzika mizu mu yankho lamadzi michere
Zitsime zodulidwa mizu ya Ruslan zakonzedwa pasadakhale, pafupifupi masiku 15 njira yobzala isanachitike. Izi ndizofunikira kuti dothi likhazikike komanso pang'ono bwino. Makoko ayenera kukhala ozama komanso otakataka, popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakula osati mobisa, komanso mobisa. Atayala mbande mu maenje onyowa, amakumbidwa pang'ono, ndikuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda ndikukhazikikanso. Njira yofunikirayi yokumbira bwino isungabe chinyezi pamizu ndikulepheretsa mapangidwe kutumphuka padziko lapansi.
Pansi pa mphesa pangani mabowo akuluakulu mpaka 80cm ndikuzama
Mtunda wolimbikitsidwa pakati pa mbande ndi 1.5 metres, ndi pakati pa mizere mukulima mafakitale - osachepera 3 metres. Pofika pakati pa nyengo, mpesa umakula kuti pasapezeke malo, koma padzakhale mipata yokwanira kutsitsira mbewuyo ndikudutsa pakati pawo nthawi yokolola. Mtengowo umathandizanso kuti matenda a mpesa wapafupi akhale ndi vuto lililonse.
Mtunda pakati pa mbande uzikhala osachepera 1.5 metres, kuti atakula asazime
Kubzala mitengo ya Ruslan ndikothandiza kwambiri mu kasupe, ngakhale kuti zodulidwazo zimakololedwa mu kugwa. Kulera ndi masanjidwe ndibwino nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira.
Chisamaliro choyambirira
Kusamalira mphesa kulinso kovuta kuposa kutembenukira m'munda. Amafunikira kuthirira, kulima, kuchotsa maudzu ndi kuvala pamwamba, osanenepetsa kuti dzira likhala lopanda mphamvu, ndipo zokolola zake ndizosemphana ndi malire.
Ma feteleza atatu am'madzi amnyengo itha kukhala okwanira ngati:
- mpesa ndi waung'ono ndipo suvutika ndi matenda;
- kubzala mipesa nthawi imodzi kunachitika mu nthaka yachonde;
- mpesa unalolera nyengo yachisanu bwino osataya.
Kuthirira koyamba ndi kuphatikizira kwa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu kumachitika mchaka pambuyo pa kudulira mwaukhondo.
Mavalidwe ochepera ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusamalidwa kwa mphesa
Lachiwiri ndi lachitatu kudya kumachitika munthawi ya budding ndi kucha zipatso. Izi zitha kukhala muzu komanso kupopera mbewu masamba kwa masamba ophatikizika ndi potaziyamu phosphate kapena mafeteleza ovuta. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pofuna kupewa poyizoni ndi zotsalira zaulimi zosakanikirana ndi zipatso, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuikidwa osachepera milungu iwiri musanatola zipatso.
Kuopsa kwa matenda a mphesa ndi tizirombo
Zosiyanasiyana zimanenedwa kuti ndizoletsa matenda a fungus ndi mphutsi ndi powdery mildew, zomwe zimawonetsedwa mawonekedwe amtundu wonyezimira wachikaso paz masamba, fungal pubescence pamasamba ndi zipatso, fungo la kuvunda kwa nsomba. Matenda ndi owopsa kwa mphesa - zinthu zikavuta, mutha kutaya 50 mpaka 90% ya mbewu. Mwanjira imeneyi, matendawa amadutsa msanga kuchoka pamtengo wina kupita wina. Mtengowo umayamba kutembenukira chikasu, zipatsozo nkuuma.
Kutsekemera pamasamba ndi zipatso ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro za kufatsa
Kuteteza Matenda a Fungal
Kupewa kupewa matenda ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri posamalira mphesa zamtundu uliwonse, ziribe kanthu kuti kufalikira kwamatenda kumatchulidwa bwanji. Malamulo akuluakulu a ntchito yoteteza ndi awa ndi mfundo izi:
- Pewani kuthilira kwamadzi nthaka. Kuongolera, kumasula, mpweya wabwino kumathandizira kupewa. Awa ndi abwenzi a mphesa.
- Ikani dothi pamizu ya mtengo ndi udzu, zokutira, peat, utuchi. Izi zimapulumutsa mmera pakusowa chinyezi komanso kwa mpweya wabwino.
- Pewani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunikira kubzala. Zodulidwa zimabisidwa pokhapokha ngati chisanu chikuzizira chatha, dothi liziwuma mpaka + 6 + 80C. Usiku nthawi yotentha, mmera wachichepere uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu.
- Chotsani mizera yake munthawi yake, ndipo mphukira zatsopano ziyenera kumangirizidwa kuti zithandizire kuti masango asagwere pansi pakucha.
- Kuchita njira zodzitetezera kawiri pa nyengo ndikukonzekera bwino kwamkuwa, sulufufu, chitsulo, monga: Bordeaux fluid, colloidal sulfure, Oksikhom, mkuwa ndi iron sulfate.
- Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zitawoneka, nthawi yomweyo muzithana ndikubzala ndi fungicidal kukonzekera. Kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitika momveka bwino malinga ndi dongosolo lomwe opanga opangidwawo analimbikitsa. Mitundu yoyenera ya mphesa ndi Quadris, Cabrio Top, Champion, Ridomil Golide, Abiga Peak.
Kumbukirani kuti pali zokonzekera zambiri za fungicidal. Pofuna kuti musapatse chizolowezi cha mphesa kwa amtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu, ndikofunikira kusintha nyengo ndi nyengo, kapena kuvala pamwamba.
Njira zofatsa kwambiri zodzitetezera ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus zimaphatikizira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi zitsamba zonunkhira kwambiri kapena zowotcha: nettle, chamomile, tsabola, adyo, anyezi ndi ena. A prophylactic wabwino amakhalanso phulusa lamatabwa, nthawi zina owazidwa pansi pa tchire.
Zithunzi Zojambula: Njira zakuthana ndi Matenda a Mphesa
- Kutsegulira ndi kutsekula kumapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala ndi mizu yoyenera.
- Kukulira ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zonunkhira ndi zitsamba zowotchera kuteteza mphesa ku matenda
- Fungicide Ridomil Golide tikulimbikitsidwa kupewa ndi kuwongolera matenda oyamba ndi mphesa
- Kumwaza mphesa ndi mkuwa wokhala ndi Bordeaux kumathandiza kupewa kufinya
Nkhondo yolimbana ndi phylloxera
Asanayike zodulirazo m dzenje, ziyenera kufufuzidwa kupezeka kwa tiziromboti. Imodzi mwa zoopsa kwambiri kwa mphesa ndi phylloxera, kapena aphid. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono chachikasu timadya masamba ndi mphukira ndi mizu. M'nyengo yozizira, mphutsi zake zimakhazikika pamizu, kuziboola ndi phenoscis motero kuphwanya umphumphu wawo. Nthaka ikayamba kutentha, tiziromboti timakwawa pansi, pomwe timayamba kuzungulira kwawo kowononga.
Mphutsi za Phylloxera zimangotsatira osati masamba okha, komanso mizu
Kuwonongeka kwa zodulidwa kuchokera ku chomera chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi izi kumatha kuonekera ndi maliseche. Idzakhala ndi makulidwe achilengedwe kapena ma tubercles. Zomwe zimayambukirazo zimayenera kutumizidwa kumoto nthawi yomweyo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mpesa wodwala womwe udesawo udakolola. Dziko lapansi kuchokera kumalo owonongedwa liyeneranso kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso zaka khumi kupewa kubzala mphesa pamenepo.
Koma bwanji ngati phylloxera ikapezeka m'nthaka yayitali? Pali njira imodzi yokhayo - kuchititsa mphesa mobwerezabwereza ndi dichloroethane. Koma chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawo ndi poizoni wapoizoni, 20 ml yake yomwe ndi yokwanira kuyambitsa poizoni, chithandizo cha minda ya mphesa chokhala ndi dichloroethane chikuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi gulu lotsimikizidwa la akatswiri azachipatala kapena amisala.
M'minda yamphesa yazing'ono, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala odziwika ngati Acellik, Kinmiks, Fozalon, Fufanon.
Zithunzi zojambulidwa: phylloxera - imodzi mwazilombo zowopsa za mphesa
- Chimawoneka ngati tsamba la mpesa lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi phylloxera
- Tizilombo ta phylloxera yoopsa ndikutha kuwononga mbewu yonse ya mphesa pakatha masiku
- Ngati nsabwe za mphesa zikapezeka, njira zokhazokha zokhazokha zimafunikira.
Yodulira masamba ophukira mitundu Ruslan
Kudulira ndi mtundu wa miyambo, yokakamiza nthawi iliyonse yophukira, mosatengera zaka za chitsamba cha mpesa. M'nyengo yotentha, mpesa umakula ndikukula kotero kuti ndizosatheka kuzilola kuti zizipita nthawi yozizira mwanjira iyi. Mpesa wosadulidwayo udzafalikira bwino, ndipo chaka chamawa ngati sufa, umapereka chitukuko chofulumira kotero kuti zipatso sizingodikire. Ndipo zabwino zoyenga ndizabwino.
- Choyambirira, chimapangitsa chitsamba kukhala chogwirizana komanso chosavuta nthawi yachisanu;
- Kachiwiri, idzakonzanso mpesa, ndikupanga kuthekera kokula chaka chamawa;
- Chachitatu, zithandiza kukonzekera zodula zapamwamba kwambiri kuti zimalitsidwe kasupe wotsatira.
Kudulira kwa masamba kumachitika kuti apange chitsamba ndikuwonjezera zokolola
Pamaso kudulira kwakukulu, chitsamba chimayang'aniridwa, ndikuwulula mphukira zouma ndikuchotsa masamba otsalawo. Kupangidwe kwa mipesa kuli kale kuyambira chaka choyamba cha moyo. Mphukira zonse zokulira pamnyengo zimachotsedwa pa izo, kupatula zitsinde ziwiri zokha, zomwe masamba atatu atsalira. Chaka chotsatira, maso a 3-4 amasungidwa mphukira.
M'chaka chachitatu, manja awiri amapangika, pomwe nyengo yamawa ikupita kumbali zonse za thunthu. Kuti izi zitheke, zopindika zokulira zimafupikitsidwa mpaka 50cm ndi kuchuluka kwa maso osapitilira 4. Mphukira zonse zotsikira zimachotsedwa. M'chaka chachinayi, manja amawongolera pamalowo, koma njira zonse zapachaka zomwe zimadulidwa zimadulidwa. Ntchito yonse imachitika ndi pruner waminda ndi wofunkha.
Tchire lopangidwa mokwanira limapezeka ndi chaka chachinayi cha mpesa
Panja pa mpesa nyengo yachisanu imapangidwa molingana ndi malamulo oyendetsera nyengo yomwe mphesa zimabzalidwa. Ngati malo ogona safunikira, ndiye kuti nthambi zimapanikizidwa bwino kuti zithandizire.
Mphesa za Ruslan ndizowonetsera zenizeni m'mundamu munjira yeniyeni komanso yophiphiritsa. Wosadzitchinjiriza, wokhala wolimba kwambiri, wotsutsana ndi matenda komanso yakucha koyambirira, amatha kukhala "chiwonetsero cha pulogalamu" pamalowo, popanda kuwononga eni ake. Zimachitika kuti masamba otsekemera ndi ovuta kukula ndi kusungirako kuposa mphesa za Ruslan, makamaka ngati mpiruwo ndi wokulirapo.
