Kuphatikizika kwa gawo lanyumba yanyumba kumathandizira pakukula kwake. Nthawi zambiri, dothi la dracaena limapezeka pakati pa dimba, koma gawo loyenerera lingathenso kukonzedwa kunyumba kuchokera munjira yoyendetsera bwino.
Kodi dothi limakonda dothi lotani?
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, imamera ku Africa ndi Southeast Asia, komwe dothi lokhala ndi mitundu yambiri komanso yambiri yopumira limakhala lambiri. Mawonekedwe ofanana ndi dziko lapansi ndi a dracaena kunyumba.
Gawo lofunikira polimbikitsa maluwa
Zofunikira ndi mchere
Dothi loyenera la dracaena liyenera kukhala ndi zofunikira zonse zofunikira kuti mbewu zikule. Pansi pa mchere (dongo, peat, mchenga) umaphatikizapo: calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, chlorine, sulufu, chitsulo, magnesium, ayodini ndi zinthu zina. Dziko lapansi lili ndi nayitrogeni ambiri, momwe michere imapezeka mwambiri (nyama zotulutsa, masamba owola).
Zofunika! Dracaena, monga chomera chilichonse, amatha kuyamwa michere yokha yosungunuka m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhalebe chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kodi zinthu zonse zadothi lapansi ndi ziti?
Chilichonse chimakhudzidwa ndi moyo wa chomera kuti chithe kugwira ntchito inayake. Ndikusowa chinthu chimodzi, dongosolo lonse la maluwa limatha. Zinthu zazikulu m'moyo wamtunduwu:
- nayitrogeni (wothandizira kukula, makamaka gawo lazomera);
- potaziyamu (yofunikira pakuchitika kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'maselo a chomera);
- phosphorous (amatenga nawo gawo mu kagayidwe kake), amathandizira kutsimikizira kwa zinthu zoyambira pazakudya);
- calcium (okhazikika maselo a mbewu).
Zowonjezera zina zofunikira - zofunikira za dothi la dracaena:
- magnesium, mkuwa ndi manganese amakhudzidwa ndi photosynthesis;
- chitsulo chimayambitsa kupuma;
- boron imapangitsa kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, chakudya, ma amino acid;
- Sulfure imakhudzidwa ndi metabolism ya protein.
Monga lamulo, nthaka yachonde imaphatikizapo zinthu zonsezi mokwanira. Zotsalira zake ndi mchenga wonyansa komanso dongo lolemera. Dothi lomwe limakwaniritsa zofunikira za dracaena limakhala ndi pafupifupi 70% ya nthaka yachonde.
Momwe mungasankhire malo a deraena
Dera loyenerera la dracaena limakhala loamu pansi, losakanizika ndi mchenga ndi humus, nthawi zina peat. Ogulitsa mundawo amagulitsa zosakanizika zopangidwa ndi dothi zomwe ndizoyenera Dracaena, mitengo ya kanjedza ndi ficus.
Zomwe dothi zilipo
Kuphatikiza pa gawo limodzi la mbewu, mutha kugula nthaka yamaluwa. Kuphatikizika kwake kumakwaniritsa zosowa za dracaena. Ndi nthaka yanji yomwe kampaniyi imafunikira? Ogwira ntchito za maluwa amaona zabwino za zigawo zochokera ku Terra Vita, Flora, Fasco, Greenworld.
Zimakhazikika pa humus vermicompost. Kuphatikiza apo, peat ndi perlite amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dothi lotere limaphatikizidwa kale ndi feteleza, ndipo safuna zina zowonjezera. Kuthana ndi mankhwalawa sikufunikiranso.
Muyenera kudziwa! Ngati ndizosatheka kupeza gawo linalake, aliyense wapadziko lonse lapansi ayenera kumwedwa ngati maziko. Pofuna kuti athe kuyandikira kuti atengeko ma dracaena, zinthu zofunika zimayambitsidwa.
Kukonzekera kwa zigawo za dacaena
Ngati mupanga gawo lapansi la maluwa ndi manja anu, muyenera kusakaniza ziwalo zonse padera ndikusakaniza musanabzala. Kukhala kosavuta kwa okhala kumidzi kupeza zigawo zoyenera. Siloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito dothi posakanikirana ndi dothi loposa 30% ya malo osamba chipinda.
M'mene mudzalako dyala (zosankha zingapo):
- Phatikizani zofanana: tsamba humus, mchenga wowuma, nkhalango (kuchokera ku thundu kapena linden);
- 1 mbali peat, 0,5 mbali ya mchenga, gawo limodzi m'munda dothi, 0,5 mbali yolumikizidwa makungwa a mtengo wabwino (thundu, phulusa, elm) amatengedwa gawo limodzi la manyowa kapena manyowa;
- 1 gawo la mchenga ndi humus, magawo atatu a nkhalango, 1 chikho cha makala osweka pa 5 l osakaniza;
- 1 mbali peat, 2 mbali humus (vermicompost), 1 mbali perlite kapena vermiculite, 0,5 gawo coconut fiber.
Zofunika! Chofunikira china cha dothi la maluwa a poto wa maluwa ndi dothi. Imayimira miyala yayikulu masentimita 1-3. Itha kuduladula miyala, miyala yophwanyika, dongo yokulitsidwa kapena njerwa yosweka.
Zopangira gawo lapansi la mbewu
Pomwe dothi likonzeka, feteleza wa michere amawonjezeramo. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wama granular okhala ndi mndandanda wambiri wa zinthu (Bona forte, Fasko, WMD). Pokhala dothi lonyowa, pang'onopang'ono masambawo amasungunuka, kudyetsa mizu ya dracaena.
Dera lolumikizana bwino
Mukamatuta dothi losakanikirana, pamakhala funso loti tichotse tizinthu tating'onoting'ono, mazira a tizilombo toononga, maudzu mbewu. Panthawi yosakanikirana ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimapezeka, mpaka feteleza atawonjezeredwa, dothi limatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pali njira zingapo zothandiza njira zolera.
Akuba
Nthaka yokonzekereratu imathiridwa mu chopopera chodzikongoletsera ndi nsalu ndikuyika mumphika wamadzi otentha. Mafuta otentha amadutsa padziko lapansi, ndikuwononga matendawa. Nthawi yothirira dothi 30-40 min. Munjira, ziyenera kusakanikirana kuti zizithira yunifolomu.
Frying
Gawo laling'ono limathiridwa pa pepala lophika ndikuyika mu uvuni. Kutentha kwa 160-180 ℃ kudzilimbitsa kumatenga mphindi 20.
Spill fungicide
Pokana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, olima maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu permanganate, Fitosporin, Maxim. Yankho lamadzimadzi la zinthu izi limaphatikizidwa ndi dothi.
Malo othawa kupha tizirombo
Zolakwika zazikulu pakukonza dothi
Wofesa maluwa akukonza dothi la dracaena ndi manja ake ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mtundu uliwonse wa zopangidwa zomwe zasungidwa. Nthaka itha kutengedwa pafupi ndi thunthu la thundu, elm, birch, alder. Ndikokwanira kumwaza masamba omwe adagwa ndikusonkhanitsa dothi labwino kwambiri la 5 cm. Osatola dothi kumadera omwe ali kufupi ndi misewu, mapepala okhala ndi malo. Humus kuchokera manyowa ndi zinyalala zinyalala ayenera kukhala wazaka 3-4.
Peat ndi yoyenera sing'anga acidity, yosenda bwino. Kunja, kumawoneka ngati misa yowoneka yakuda bii. Peat yofiira ndi magawo osagwirizana siabwino. Mchenga ndi woyenera kumtunda waukulu, wopanda mafakitale, popanda kusakanikirana ndi dongo. M'malo mwake, mutha kugula vermiculite m'sitolo. Mukamawonjezera makala, onetsetsani kuti zomwe zatulutsa polyethylene sizilowa mumphika.
Zambiri! Dothi lofunika kuti duwa likhale losalala, lonyowa. Ikapakidwa chibakera, imayenera kupanga mtanda winawake womwe umagwa mosavuta ikaponyedwa.
Mawonekedwe olondola a dothi
Zoyenera kuchita ndi dziko lakale?
Chovala maluwa ndikusinthiratu ndi dothi chimachitika chaka chilichonse, pomwe chikukula mwachangu. Mtengo wachikulire umayikidwanso mumphika watsopano zaka zitatu zilizonse, ndikumwaza nthaka yatsopano. Nthaka yomwe idakola dracaena imakhala ndi zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi michere yambiri ndipo zimatha kutenga matenda. Iyenera kuyikidwa mulu wa kompositi kapena, ndikatha kuwongoletsa bwino, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito.
Thirira nthaka
Pobwezeretsanso, dothi lakale limawonjezeredwa ngati gawo lomasulira gawo latsopanolo. Gawo la nthaka yakale sayenera kupitirira 30% ya kuchuluka kwa gawo lapansi.
Mukayamba kuyika maluwa, muyenera kudziwa bwino malo omwe pakufunika Dracaena. Kupatula apo, ichi ndiye chinsinsi cha moyo wautali wa chomera ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola.
