Chomera chodabwitsa chochokera ku America subtropics chikufala kwambiri pakati pa okonda maluwa. Kawirikawiri duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito mumaluwa achikwati ndi ma boutonnieres. Pali mafunso ambiri pa maulendo okhudza chisamaliro ndi kulima bouvardia. M'nkhani ino tapeza mfundo zofunika kwambiri zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukula msanga wokongola ndi maluwa onunkhira nokha.
Bouvardia: zambiri zokhudza
Mitundu imeneyi ndi ya Bouvardia, yemwe ali membala wa banja la Marenov (Rubiaceae). Bouvardia imapezeka ku Central America ndi Mexico. Kunja, duwa ndi lobiriwira, shrub, kawirikawiri - chomera cha herbaceous.
Ikukula mofulumira. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa shrub kumatha kufika mamita 1. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu 50. Lero, maluwa a Bouvardia amakula osati mu botanical minda, koma akhoza kupambidwa bwino mu yokongola horticulture.
Mukudziwa? Ngati tsiku lina muli ndi maloto omwe mukuwona maluwa awa, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziwa kuti izi ndizotsatila za kusintha kwa moyo wanu. Popeza duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mumaluwa achikwati, maloto nthawi zambiri amalonjeza chikondwerero cha ukwati kapena msonkhano ndi tsogolo lake.
Mitundu ya floriculture
Chomera cha Bouvardia chinalimidwa zaka zoposa zana zapitazo, koma mitundu yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kumunda wamaluwa.
- Bouvardia longiflora.
- Smooth-flowered bouvardia (Bouvardia leiantha).
- Garden Bouvard.
- Kunyumba Bouvardia (Bouvardia x domestica).
Zomwe zingatheke kuti zikule
Monga woimira mvula yam'mvula yam'mvula, Bouvardia amafunikira mikhalidwe yapadera yokula. Kusamalidwa kwa buvardia ndi kulima kwake sikuli ntchito yovuta, koma kusadziwa zamtundu wofunikira kungachititse kuti chiwonongeko chiwonongeke.
Kuunikira
Bouvardia yopita ku dzuwa, njira yabwino yopangira malo ake adzakhala kumadzulo ndi kumwera kwa chipindacho. Maluwawa ndi malo abwino kumene kudzakhala kuwala kokwanira. Kenaka mungathe kukhulupilira za kupanga mapangidwe a maluwa. Bouvardia imakhalanso yotentha kwambiri, koma kutentha ndi dzuwa kumatha kuwononga mbewu.
Kutentha
Chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha kutentha kwa Bouvardia ndi 22-25 ° C. Maluwawo sawopa mantha. M'nyengo yozizira, zimalimbikitsa kuchepetsa kutentha kwa 10-12 ° C, chifukwa izi zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino m'tsogolo maluwa a bouvardia.
Mmene mungasamalire kunyumba
Bouvardia ndi wodzichepetsa, kotero kumusamalira kunyumba kumachepetsedwa kuti akwaniritse njira zofunikira kwa mbewu iliyonse: kuthirira kwa nthawi yake ndi kuthira mlengalenga, feteleza ndi kudulira zolunjika.
Chisamaliro choyenera ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri pakukula klerodendrum, tsiperus, havortiya, kampanuly, plumeria, scinapsus, azalea wa India.
Kuthirira
Pa nthawi ya kukula, zimalimbikitsidwa kuthirira madzi a bouvardia nthawi zonse, ndikuwongolera nthaka moyenera. Makamaka ayenera kulipira kukhetsa, monga chinyezi chochuluka chingayambitse maluwa a maluwa.
Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala odzola kutsukira kawirikawiri mukhoza kuyang'ana nthaka mouma. Lembetseni pansi, ngati, ngati chofufuzira mano chikuwonjezeka ndi masentimita 2-3, palibe malo omwe atsalapo, ndiye nthawi yoti mumve. Mwachikhalidwe chake, Bouvardia ndi wokonda chinyezi, komabe, m'nyengo yozizira, kuchepa kwa kuthirira kwafupika, ndipo kumatonthozedwa kumalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Yabwino chinyezi kwa zomera - 60-70%. Buvardia amakonda kupopera mbewu moyenera kuchokera botolo lazitsulo. Ndipo panthawi ya maluwa, zimakhala zabwino kupeza maluwa pafupi ndi kasupe kakang'ono kapangidwe kapena chotengera madzi.
Nthaka ndi kudyetsa
Bouvardia anali wodzichepetsa kwambiri pansi. Zidzakhala ndi nthaka yoyenera ya zomera. Koma mukhoza kupanga gawo lapansi. Izi zimafuna zigawo zotsatirazi: peat, tsamba, turf, nthaka yosakanizidwa ndi mchenga wambiri. Njira yowonjezera ya chiŵerengero ndi 2: 1: 4: 1.
Dyetsani chitsamba chiyenera kukhala pa nthawi ya kukula, komanso nthawi ya kukula. Pofuna kudyetsa, zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wambiri zomwe zimathandiza osati kukula kokha kwa chomera, komanso pa ntchito yake yofunikira. Kupaka zovala pamwamba pa nthawi ya maluwa kumafunika katatu pa mwezi.
Kudulira
Mitundu ina ya bouvardia imakula makamaka kuti idulidwe. Imodzi mwa mitundu imeneyi ndi Bouvardia yautali kwambiri. Mitengo yotere imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamagulu. Kudulira bouvardii kuyenera kuchitika kokha kugwa kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika, komanso pambuyo pa maluwa.
Mofanana ndi zina zambiri, monga boxwood, bouvardia amafunikanso kupanga mawonekedwe abwino, omwe amathandiza kukulitsa kukula. Ndibwino kuti muzidula nthambi mu theka. Fomu yomwe Bouvardia yomwe imakhala nayo nthawi zonse idzakhala ndi malingaliro ake.
Kusintha malamulo
Odziŵa bwino wamaluwa amakhulupirira kuti bouvardia ayenera kuikidwanso pamene mphika wakale uli kale wochepa.
Ndikofunikira! M'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, maluwa okongola komanso ochuluka amapezeka ku Bouvardia. Maluwa ena angakhale osowa, choncho ndi bwino kukula chomera ichi ngati zaka ziwiri.
Nthaŵi yabwino ya kuika ndikumapeto. Kawirikawiri, chomera chokha chomwe moyo wawo uli pafupi chaka chimodzi chimaphatikizidwa. Kwa Bouvardium yotereyi, wamaluwa amasankha chidebe chachikulu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chitukuko chabwino cha bouvardia chimadalira m'mene nthaka imakhalira ndi zakudya komanso madzi ndi mpweya.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za zovuta za kubereka kwa zomera zina: orchids, zamiokulkas, dieffenbachia, cheflers, laurels.
Buvardia kufalitsa kunyumba
Bouvardia n'zotheka kufalitsa mwa njira imodzi yotsatira:
- Muzu. Dulani chidutswa cha muzu ndi chomera mu nthaka yamba.
- Cuttings. Dulani masentimita 10 aatali kuchokera kumtunda wa Bouvardia ndi kuwabzala mu nthaka ya michere, zomwe zimapangidwa pamwambapa. Gwiritsani ntchito cuttings kukhala kuchokera ku Bouvardia, yomwe ili mumthunzi. Njirayi ndi yophweka. Nsongazo zimachoka mosavuta m'madzi wamba. Pochita izi, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitengo ya cuttings yatsala atatha kudulira. Pamene achinyamata mphukira kudula 2-3 internodes mawonekedwe mizu, iwo obzalidwa pansi, amene amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa wamba wamkulu bouvardia.
- Kugawanika kwa tchire. Njira yosadalirika, chifukwa siimayambitsa zitsamba komanso maluwa obiriwira.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda
Bouvardia, mofanana ndi zomera zina, amatha kugwidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Bouvardia ndi aphid ndi kangaude. Nkofunika kuti wolima munda adziwe tizilombo nthawi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira zomwe zingagulidwe m'masitolo apadera.
Ngati mukufuna kukonda tizilombo, njira yabwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osamba ndi sopo, mowa kapena mafuta. Makamaka ayenera kulipira mapepala a Bouvardii akakula.
Popeza chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda chimakhala masamba achikasu. Iyi ndi malo opatsirana, omwe angabweretse kuuma kwa chitsamba. Pofuna kupewa zoterezi, kuyang'ana tsamba la tsamba la bouvardia tsiku ndi tsiku kumafunika kuyang'ana. Tsamba lililonse lokhala ndi malo owonekera liyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo ngati chomeracho chikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito Bordeaux osakaniza.
Mankhwala abwino kwambiri othandizira tizilombo ndi mankhwala omwe alibe mankhwala. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe alipo "Fitoverm" kuti athetse nsabwe za m'masamba.
Kuchokera ku mankhwala ochizira omwe akuyenera kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, kuwonjezera pa sopo yankho, mungagwiritse ntchito mophweka anyezi ophika pophika, omwe mukufuna 30-35 g a mitu ya anyezi yosweka. Gwiritsani kusakaniza mu madzi okwanira 1 litre kwa maola asanu. Kabati mu njira yothetsera 4-5 g sopo. Pitirizani kuchuluka kwa madzi kwa 1 l ndikupanga mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamapanga chomera cha nsabwe za m'masamba ndi sopo, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti masamba ayenera kutsukidwa kuchokera kunja, chifukwa kukhudzana ndi sopo yankho kumbali ya kumunsi kungayambitse kusamba kwa stomata. Izi zidzasokoneza mgwirizano wa gasi ndikuwononga mbewu.Nkhondo yolimbana ndi akangaude idzadalira nthawi yomwe ikuchitika. Ngati nkhupakuka ikukhazikika pa duwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye rubdowns yowonongeka ndi siponji yonyowa yamasamba idzachita. Ngati nkhupakuka yayenda pamadera akuluakulu a zomera, ndiye kuti mayendedwe:
- Masamba okhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala.
- Musanayambe kuthirira ndikofunika kuchotsa webusaiti yonse kuti mulowemo madzi abwino.
- Gulani mafuta ofunika kwambiri pa pharmacy. Onjezani 1 dontho la 1 l la madzi ndikupukuta masamba ndi njirayi.
- Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe "Afik", "Fitoverm".
- Insektoakaritsid "Aktellik".
Mukudziwa? Maluwa onse m'chilengedwe ali ndi tanthauzo lake. Mwachitsanzo, belladonna, potembenuzidwa kuchokera ku chinenero cha Victori cha maluwa, amatanthauza "mkazi wokongola", tiyi ya tiyi imatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kulekanitsa ndipo akutiuza kuti: "Sindidzaiwala iwe." Komanso, Bouvardia ku Victorian amatanthauza "changu."Limbikitsidwa ndi kukongola, chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri, ndipo khama lanu lidzapindula ndi maluwa ochuluka ndi onunkhira.
