Mtengo Mnogouradnik ndi wa Shchitovnikovye.
Mitengo ya nkhalango yomwe imakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, komanso masamba obiriwira a mdima.
Kawirikawiri amamera m'malo amdima m'madera omwe ali ndi nthaka yabwino, yosasunthika ndi yovunda.
Iwo ali musati mulekanitse zoonjezera zofunikira za chisamaliro. Monga lamulo, iwo amapanga tchire cholimba cha kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake omwe amafanana ndi ndodo.
Fern Mnogovornik ndi wa banja la Shchitovnikov limodzi ndi Chitovnik ndi Kochezhednik. Komabe, amadziwika ndi mbiri yawo ndi chokongoletsa chapadera.
Mitundu
Kwa onse okonda fern, mzere wambiri ndi kupeza kwenikweni.
Iyi ndi fern yaing'ono yokhala ndi masamba okongola (vayyami).
Mu chilengedwe, alipo pafupifupi 200 mitundu makamaka kukula m'madera otentha a kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Komabe, pali mitundu yomwe ikukhala kumpoto kwambiri, kuphatikizapo pakati pa Russia, Belarus ndi mayiko a Baltic.
Ambiri mwa awa ndiwo mitundu yotsatira:
Brown
Imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yokongola kwambiri ndipo imapezeka nthawi zambiri yozizira. Chomeracho chimasunthira kuchoka pamtunda wobiriwira. Masamba ali ndi kutalika mpaka masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri. Ziri zonyezimira komanso ndi khungu lakuda.
Zili ndi mdima wobiriwira, ndipo mbali zonsezi zimakhala ndi tsitsi laling'ono, pamapeto pake omwe amakhala ndi maonekedwe a mdima wonyezimira.
Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a lanceolate, m'munsi omwe ali ochepa kwambiri. The scape ndi yaifupi. Mitundu yonse ya sporangia imasonkhanitsidwa mumtundu wotchedwa sorus, womwe uli pamunsi mwa mbale, iwo amamanga bristle.
Chomeracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo okongoletsera, kukonza, ndi kubzala m'minda ya miyala. Brown ali ndi zambiri mkulu wachisanu hardiness.
Chithunzi cha zithunzi Brown Brown
Mtsinje
Zimaganiziridwa mitundu yosawerengeka. Ndiwo chomera chosatha chomwe chimakhala ndi tinthu tambirimbiri tating'onoting'onoting'ono, tomwe timaphimba ndi zotsalira za petioles. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a lanceolate ndi nsonga zabwino. Kutalika kwa petioles kumafikira pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndi awiri. Zili ndi mafilimu akuluakulu ovoid.
Sorus anapeza mizere iwiri yokhazikika. Mitengo imeneyi imamera pamatanthwe, komanso mumadontho amtundu wakuda. Amachulukitsa chifukwa cha mikangano yomwe imapsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Zithunzi zojambula mozungulira:
Nthenda
Iwo amadziwika ndi nyengo yozizira hardiness. Kutalika kwa masamba okhwima ndi masentimita oposa makumi atatu, ndi cirrus ndi nyengo yozizira. Nthenga za Spore zimamangirizidwa pa pepala pamwambapa. Sori ali kumbali zonse za mitsempha yamkati ndipo amasonkhanitsa mizere iwiri.
Ma frisi a Greenish ali ndi kutalika pafupi masentimita makumi asanu ndi anai. Kwa nyengo yozizira hardiness mtundu uwu wa zomera ukhoza kutchulidwa ndi gawo lachinayi. Mitengo yambiri yabzalidwa mu penumbra.
Mitundu ya zithunzi Verkheplodny:
Kutetezedwa
Ndi osati nyengo yozizira-yolimba. Ili ndi masamba a lanceolate m'ndondomeko, kutalika kwake komwe kumafikira mita imodzi. Nthakayi imakhala yamphongo ndipo imajambula m'nyengo yozizira.
Chithunzi cha zithunzi Chikutetezedwa:
Gawo zitatu
Ichi ndi fern ndi rhizome yaifupi. Nthaka yosauma bwino yomwe ili ndi okwanira feteleza ndi yabwino kwa iyo. Pakuti nyengo yozizira yolimba imatha kukhala ndi gawo lachinayi. Chomeracho chimapanga chitsamba cholimba chokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita makumi anai.
Pakuti nthambi za rhizomes zimadziwika ndi kuchepa kukula. Masamba atatu ndi mtundu wobiriwira amayamba kuchokera ku petioles. Bzalani amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofuna kukongoletsera makamaka chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake. Sichimawonongeka ndi tizirombo kapena matenda. Kuonjezera apo, imakula bwino pa dothi losiyana pansi pazigawo zilizonse zowala.
Chithunzi cha zithunzi cha gawo zitatu:
Kuthira mizu
Zima zozizira zimatchula zachinayi ndi magawo atatu. Iye zochepa - pafupifupi masentimita 25. Cirrus ndi yozizira masamba amasonkhana m'makona okhalapo. Mphepetezi ndizowoneka bwino komanso zokhotakhota. Monga lamulo, masamba amamera kumtunda kwa fern, yomwe imayambira mizu ndipo imakhala ngati chiyambi cha chitsamba chatsopano.
Chithunzi chazithunzi Kuwongolera:
Tsushima
Chomera chokhala ndi masamba aatali omwe ali ochepa-katatu m'ndondomeko, kuphatikizapo mbolo. Zimakhala zofiira komanso zowonongeka. Malingana ndi digiri ya yozizira hardiness ndi gawo lachisanu.
Chithunzi cha zithunzi Tsushima:
Prickly
Chomeracho chiri pafupi mamita imodzi. Masamba ake ali ndi zokongoletsa. Ndi nyengo yozizira, yobiriwira, yobiriwira. Mbali yakumtunda ya nkhalangoyi ndi yaubweya wochepa, am'mphepete ali ndi zikopa ndipo m'malo mwake ndi owopsa. Ntchentche sizimauluka, ndikupanga chitsamba chosatha cha mawonekedwe abwino.
Chithunzi cha Thorny:
Zambirimbiri
Olimba kwambiri Fern yomwe imapanga mphukira ndi masamba awiri omwe ali ndi mdima wobiriwira. Masambawa amatchulidwa kwambiri, omwe amadzaza ndi mamba woonda kwambiri. Sori anasonkhana mumzere umodzi pambali pa mapepala.
Chithunzi cha mitundu ya Multiresnitchaty:
Bristle
Ndi mbewu yokha yozizira-yozizira. Kutalika kwa fern uku kumafikira masentimita zana. Amadziwika ndi nyengo yozizira yomwe ili ndi minofu komanso mtundu wobiriwira. Mapira a cirrus agwedezeka m'mphepete mwake, pamapeto a omwe ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa. Fern imaperekedwa ngati mawonekedwe a chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu.
Iye amalingalira zokongoletsa zokhazikika Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito mochepa m'madera osungunuka bwino, otetezedwa ku mphepo yamkuntho ndi mphepo.
Zomwe zimakhala zowonongeka komanso zowonongeka zimakhala zowonjezera.
Kuchokera mmenemo kunapezedwa subspecies zambiri, zomwe zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
Congestum
Ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita makumi atatu, nyengo yozizira, masamba obiriwira. Ndizo zosiyana siyana ndi masamba owongoka, komanso nthenga zapafupi, zomwe, monga lamulo, zimagwirizana.
Zithunzi zamakono Congestum:
Dakhlem
Kuyambira kale Fern ndi masamba atatu omwe ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Mitundu yam'madzi imakhala yamtundu winawake ndipo imakhala ndi petioles ya golide, yomwe ili ndi tiyi tochepa. Mtsinje wokhala ndi mpweya wozungulira womwe umasankha malo otukuka.
Photo subspecies Dakhlem:
Herrenhausen
Chomera chokongola chokhala ndi masamba owala komanso otsala ndi akuluakulu omwe amapanga chingwe cha pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Fern alibe zokwawa nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chomera chokongola kwa zaka makumi angapo.
Zithunzi zojambula zithunzi Herrenhausen:
Plumozum-Densum
Amakula mpaka pafupifupi masentimita 45. Chitsamba chili ndi masamba ozungulira ndi masamba a nthenga, zojambula ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Pa fern iyi, sankhani malo okhala ndi mpweya wabwino, wotetezedwa ku zojambula ndi dzuwa.
Photos subspecies Plumozum-Densum:
Volastoni Proliferum
Chomera chochepa Lili ndi mawonekedwe okongola, ofanana, masamba ochuluka a masamba obiriwira.
Chithunzi subspecies Proliferum Volastoni:
Shiney Holi Farms
Fern, amene kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita makumi anayi. Masambawo ndi obiriwira ndi minofu kukhudza, Zili zobiriwira, ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ang'onoang'ono.
Zithunzi zojambula zithunzi Shini Holy Farms:
Kusamalira kwanu
Chinyezi ndi kuunikira
Pakuti kulima mizere yambiri ya mtundu wina ndi bwino kusankha chiwembu ndi chinyezi chakuda. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti malowa amatetezedwa ku dzuwa, komanso kuchokera ku mazira ndi mphepo yozizira.
Ambiri mwa iwo akhoza kukula mosavuta mumthunzi, m'munda, gawo lachonde kwambiri, lomwe liri ndi ngalande yabwino.
Pokhala poyamba fern ya m'nkhalango, Mzere wambiri ukhoza kukulira pamunda. Iye amamuuza popanda mavuto ngakhale opanda pogona.
Adiantum, Schitovnik, Orlyak.
Mitundu ina, gawo lina liyenera kuperekedwa: miyala ikuluikulu yokhala ndi nthaka yochepa pakati pawo. Zikatero wangwiro wosweka njerwa.
Kujambula ndi kudulira
Fern sikufuna nthawi zonse kusintha. Choncho, kupatula imodzi yokha pachaka kudzakwanira.
Amachitika m'chaka, akunyamula mphikawo kukula. Pakuti zomera zimasowa madzi okwanira.
Komabe, sikoyenera kulola kupanga mapangidwe amadzimadzi, chifukwa izi zidzakhudza kukula kwa mbewu.
Kuteteza chochitika choterocho kumathandiza kukonza ngalande.
Komanso pamadontho a kasupe, omwe amakulolani kuchotsa ziwalo zakufa kapena zakuwonongeka.
Kuswana
Mzere wambiri ukhoza kufalikira m'njira zingapo. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mwa kugawa chitsamba kapena cuthi rhizomes. Kuberekera kumapangidwanso ndi spores, koma panopa ndi kovuta kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino kunyumba.
Kusiyanitsa masamba a chitsamba kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kasupe, nyengo isanayambe maluwa, kapena kumapeto kwa nyengo ya chilimwe.
Mizere ina ya polysper ingadzuke mu nthaka ndi masamba omwe akukula pa petioles.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mzere wapamtima kwambiri osagonjetsedwa tizirombo ndi matenda ambiri. Choncho, ndizosavuta kwambiri kuti chomera chizindikire zizindikiro za chisokonezo. Chipatala choopsa kwambiri ndi chiwerengero. Pofuna kuteteza fern kuchokera pamenepo, m'pofunikira kuchiza ndi mankhwala apadera pamaso pa maluwa.
Zothandiza
Chomera ngati mzere wambiri alibe zinthu zothandiza.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira ntchito monga zokongoletsera kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito miyala yamtengo wapatali komanso mavalidwe oyambirira a malo osungunuka.
The polyrow lero ikuimiridwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu.
Odziwika kwambiri mwa iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kukongoletsa malo omwe zomera zina sizilandiridwa.
Amachulukitsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, osati kusamala.
Chinthu chachikulu ndichokuteteza ku dzuŵa ndi mphepo, komanso madzi abwino. Mitundu iyi idzakongoletsa malowa kwa zaka zambiri.
