Plumeria - kukula ndi chisamaliro kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Plumeria frangipani - maluwa okongoletsera masamba zitsamba ochokera kubanja la Kutrov. Ambiri amatha kubzala chitsamba kunyumba. Frangipani imakula msanga, ngakhale mkati, kutalika kwake kumatha kupitirira 2 m, ngati pamwamba sikudulidwa nthawi. Zomera zazitali zamtunduwu zimadziwika ndi masamba obiriwira achikuda ndi maluwa akuluakulu, m'mimba mwake momwe amatha kufika 0,5 m.

Maluwa a plumeria zoweta amayamba theka zoyambirira za Julayi ndipo zimatha mpaka pakati pa Okutobala, m'chilengedwe limamasula pafupifupi chaka chathunthu. M'malo achilengedwe, chitsambachi chimapezeka ku Ochepa Antilles, ku Thailand, India, Puerto Rico, ndipo malo omwe amapezekako ndi North America.

Mtengowo udalandira dzina polemekeza Charles Plumier wasayansi wotchuka wa ku France, yemwe adaphunzira momwe mbewu zimagwirira ntchito.

Onaninso momwe mungakulire zamkati zam'madzi zonse ndi zokambirana.

Zothandiza zimatha frangipani

Chitsamba, ngati nthumwi zambiri za banja la kutra, ndi poyizoni. Madzi a chomera, akakhudzana ndi khungu, amayambitsa mkwiyo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi chitsamba mutavala zovala m'manja. Koma kuwoneka kwa ma plumeria kumayambitsa nyanja ya malingaliro abwino.

Mwa kuyeretsa mpweya wozungulira ndi kukhalabe wosangalala, chomera chimabweretsa zabwino mosakayikira. Ku Thailand, mtengo umadziwika kuti ndi wamatsenga. Amakhulupirira kuti chomera chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito miyambo, chimakopa mwayi ndi chisangalalo, chimapereka moyo wosafa.

Mawonekedwe akukula kunyumba. Mwachidule

Kuti mukule maula abwino komanso okongola kunyumba, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima ndikupanga malo ozungulira chomera omwe amafanana ndi otentha momwe mungathere.

Kusamalira maula kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Wodziwika bwino maluwa yekha ndi amene angakulitse, wokhoza kupanga bwino pazomera.

Maluwa

Akalulu nthawi zonse amasangalala kuwona maluwa akuterera pawindo lake. Amadzimadzi am'nyumba amakhala chisangalalo chowoneka bwino mkati. Plumeria limamasula kumayambiriro kwa Julayi ndipo limatha mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Pakadali pano, maluwa akulu owoneka asanu osawoneka bwino amawoneka ngati mphukira zazing'ono. Ndiwokongola komanso ofanana kuti kukongola kwawo kumawoneka ngati kopangidwa ndi anthu.

Maluwa ofewa amatha kukhala oyera-oyera, kirimu, pinki, achikaso kapena kukhala ndi mtundu wa motley. Kusinthana kwa kamvekedwe ka mawu kumakhala kopangidwa bwino komanso momveka bwino kotero kuti zimawoneka ngati mmisiri waluso adagwira ntchito pa iwo. Maluwa, monga maluwa onse a coutra, amanunkhira bwino ma amondi. Pambuyo pa maluwa, pods mbewu zakuda zimapangidwa.

Chifukwa chiyani ma plumeria sachita pachimake

Frangipani sachita zomwe amayembekeza ndipo samayamba kuchita maluwa ngati:

• Sindinapume nthawi yozizira kapena nthawi yozizira inali yotentha kwambiri;
• mmera umakula mosavutikira: kuzizira kapena pang'ono;
• pakukula, "kukula" kunakazikika;
• chitsamba chinamera pambewu yotengedwa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mukasintha zikhalidwe zakumangidwa, mbewuyo imaphuka.

Njira yotentha

Thermophilic kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti muzitsatira kutentha kwa boma kuti mbewuyo ikhale yabwino. M'nyengo yotentha, tchire ndizosangalatsa kukhala pa + 27 - 30 ° C, koma mufunika kukhazikika mchipindacho nthawi zambiri, osayiwala kuti ma plumeri akwawo salekerera kukonzekera komanso kuyika pafupi ndi chowongolera mpweya.

Mukugwa, kutentha pang'onopang'ono kumachepa, nthawi yozizira imayenera kutsika mpaka + 16 - 18 ° C, ndiye kuti nyengo yachisanu izichitika muzochitika zonse.

Kuwaza

Zomera zotentha sizivuta m'nyumba, makamaka nyengo yozizira, nthawi yotentha. Chinyezi chachikulu chimafunika. Kuti mupange malo abwino kunyumba, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kupopera.

Ndondomeko ikuchitika ndi wosefedwa tepid madzi.. Masamba ndi mpweya wozungulira tchire umathiridwa mankhwala mosamala kuti usatuluke ndi maluwa. Pambuyo pa njirayi, mbewuyo imasinthidwa kotero kuti palibe chowotcha ndi dzuwa. Ndikofunikanso kuyika mphika wazinyalala papallet ndi miyala yonyowa ndikuyika botolo lamadzi pafupi naye. Mu nyengo yozizira ndi yamitambo simungathe kufafaniza.

Kuwala

Kuunikira kolinganiza bwino ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira maluwa okongola komanso maluwa abwino. Amakonda kuwala kowala. Ndi kuunika kwathunthu mkati mwa chaka kumene kumatha kutulutsa bwino. Duwa lokhala ndi maluwa ndi chitsamba limayikidwa kum'mwera kwa nyumbayo, koma limasanjika masana.

M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, masana masana atachepa, muyenera kuyatsa kuwunikira kowonjezera. Kuwona za izi kudzathandiza chomera kuyika masamba atsopano nthawi yozizira, ndi chilimwe - kukopa aliyense ndi maluwa owala.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira mbewu za hygrophilous ziyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala. Podziwa kuti duwa limakonda kumwa, azimayi ambiri a nyumba amayesetsa kuthirira madzi pafupipafupi. Izi zimatha kudzetsa mbewu. Kuthirira kwa maula kuyenera kuchitika pamene nthaka yauma.

M'chilimwe, izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Chitsamba chimathiriridwa madzi ochuluka. M'nyengo yozizira simakhala madzi ambiri koma ochepa, koma dothi lomwe lili mumphika sililoledwa kuti lizimauma konse. Kuthirira kumachepetsa nyengo yozizira kuti isayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu.

Madzi ochulukirapo otayidwa kuchokera m'maenje okumba ayenera kuthiridwa. Pothilira madzi otentha otetezedwa bwino. Kuti mukhale chinyezi m'nthaka nthawi yayitali, musaiwale za mulching.

Mphika

Mtengowo uli ndi nthangala yolimba, choncho sankhani mphika wamtali wa maula. Pakudula, umasinthidwa kukhala watsopano, womwe umakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 2 moonjezerapo: wamkulu komanso wokulirapo chomera, wokulirapo ayenera kukhala. Ndikofunikira kuti chikhale chokhazikika komanso cholimba kwambiri kotero kuti kulimba kumathandizira kutulutsa tchire.

Dothi

Kuti tikonzere dothi podzisakaniza tokha, tengani malo awiri oyandama ndi gawo la humus, tsamba lamtunda, peat. Mu sitolo mutha kugula dothi la zokongoletsera.

Kuti muwonjezere mphamvu zowonjezera za gawo lapansi, zomangira njerwa, mipira ya thovu, vermiculite zimawonjezeredwa kwa izo.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pakakhala zitsamba zogwira ntchito, maula amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphatikiza. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamaaminidwe ovuta, omwe ali ndi potaziyamu yambiri ndi phosphorous: zinthu izi ndizofunikira pakukula kwathunthu ndi kutulutsa maluwa kwa mbewu.

Nitrogen imafunikiranso, koma yaying'ono kwambiri. Nayitrogeni wambiri adzayambitsa kufa kwa chitsamba. Ndikofunika kuthira feteleza wamadzimadzi, ndikuwasakaniza ndi madzi okhazikika kawiri. Zovala zapamwamba ndi zoyambira kumachitika pambuyo pa kuthirira kwamadzulo, kamodzi masiku 12. Pambuyo pa njirayi, mbewuyo imasinthidwa. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, chitsamba sichidyetsedwa.

Thirani

M'moyo wa chomera, kupatsirana ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri, lomwe limachitika panthawi yake. Tchire tating'ono timaloledwa pachaka chilichonse, ndipo nthawi zina kangapo pachaka, mizu itayamba kutuluka kuchokera m'maenje okuya. Kuthana kwa ma plumeri okhwima kumachitika kamodzi pa zaka 2.5. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala nthawi imeneyi pomwe mizu yamphamvu ya chomera imaphimba dziko lapansi.

Chitsamba chimawilowetsa mumphika wamtali wokulirapo, munthawi yomweyo chimalimbikitsa chosanjikiza, ndikuchotsa gawo lapansi ndi lopatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira. Sikoyenera kufalitsa mbewu zachikulire: ndizovuta kuchita izi popanda kuwononga mizu. Poterepa, ndiye kuti pamwamba pokhapokha ndiye pamatsitsimutsidwa.

Pambuyo povula, mbewuyo imathirira madzi ndikusungidwa kwa masiku angapo. Osadyetsa kwa masiku 21.

Momwe mungalime

Kuti mumange korona wa mbewu, muyenera kudulira. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, nthambi zowonda ndi zowonongeka, masamba akuda, amadulidwa. Poyimitsa kukula, dulira kumtengowo. Kudulira maula sikuthandizira kuphukira, koma kumasintha kukula kwake.

Kuti mupange nthambi zatsopano, ikani phukusi lapadera la kuswana. Kudulira kwa nthawi yayitali kumapangitsa kuti pakhale korona wokongola wakuda.

Mitundu yamadyedwe sangadulidwe.

Nthawi yopumula

Maluwa atatha, nthawi yotsika imayamba. Masamba apansi a mbewu amagwa, njira zonse za moyo zimayimitsidwa. Mtengowo umasungidwa pa kutentha kwa + 14 - 16 ° C. Chinyezi chimasiyidwa pamlingo womwewo. Amaonetsetsa kuti gawo lapansi silikuuma mumphika ndipo palibe chinyezi, apo ayi ma plumeria adzafa.

Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Febere, amayamba kuchotsa pang'onopang'ono chomera kuchokera kumadzi: nthawi zambiri imathiriridwa madzi, kudyetsedwa kumapangidwanso, kutentha kwazinthu kumadzukitsidwa, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuzolowera kuwala kwachilengedwe.

Kuswana

Kuswana kunyumba ndikotheka m'njira ziwiri.

Kukula maula ambiri

Njira yodziwika yopezera mtengo. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu zazikulu, chinthu chachikulu ndikuyika mapiko pansi. Nthawi yomweyo anabzala m'mbale osiyana makapu. Phimbani ndi kanema ndikutentha. Pakaphuka masamba awiri enieni, malo ogona amachotsedwa. Masiku angapo asanaikidwe mbande zokhwima m'miphika yayikulu, amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Wokonzedwa bwino popanda kusokoneza chotupa.

Kufalikira kwa maula mwa kudula

Gwiritsani ntchito podulira. Zodulidwa zimadulidwa ku nthambi zodulidwazo, kutalika kwake kosaposa 0.2 m. Wodulidwayo wapamwamba amawongoka, wotsika - mosazindikira. Masamba amachotsedwa. Ndi swab ya thonje, m'malovu amadzimadzi omwe amapanga timabowo timachotsedwa ndikuwuma mlengalenga. Wobzala mu dothi lonyowa wokutidwa ndi kanema. Muzu mu malo otentha kwa miyezi pafupifupi 2,5. Masamba owoneka akuwonetsa kuti mizu yachitika.

Zomera zopangidwa kuchokera ku zodula zimaphuka m'zaka ziwiri, ndipo zimabadwa patatha zaka zisanu.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kusamala mosasamala kumatsogolera ku matenda, ndipo tizirombo tikuukira chomera chofowoka pafupipafupi. Mutha kudziwa zamavuto pazizindikiro:

• masamba sanatsegulidwe - mbewuyo imakhala yozizira (ikonzanso malo otentha; nthawi yozizira, mutha kuyambitsa mizu ndi thaulo lofunda);
• amatambasula - kuyatsa kosayenera (kukonzanso m'malo owala);
• masamba amagwa plumeria - kukonza mbewu ku hibernation, njira yachilengedwe yachilengedwe;
• pang'onopang'ono kukula, kuzimiririka - kuchepa kwa chinyezi (madzi ochuluka, kuthirira kolondola);
• zowola mizu - chinyezi chinyezi pakuthirira kwambiri (kudula mizu yowonongeka, kuwaza malo athanzi ndi ufa wa malasha, ndikusunthira chitsamba m'nthaka yatsopano, kukonza kuthirira).

Nthawi zina ma plumeria amakhudzidwa ndi kangaude, nkhanambo, mealybug.

Mitundu ya Plumeria kunyumba yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Kunyumba, mitundu iwiri yatchuka:

Plumeria wofiira (Plumeria rubra)

Mtengo wamtali wokhala ndi masamba olemera obiriwira. Maluwa ali ndi fungo lokhazikika. Dawo lawo siloposa 50 mm. Kukula kwa ma red hue kumadalira zaka za maula komanso kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipindacho. Pomera lokhwima, mtundu wake umakhala wowala pang'ono. Pamalo otentha, matalikidwe amtunduwo amawonjezeka.

White Plumeria (Plumeria alba)

Mtengo wamtali wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira a emarodi ndi maluwa akuluakulu oyera-oyera chipale. Maluwa a Velvety amatulutsa kununkhira kosangalatsa kwa amondi.

Kukongola kwachifundo komwe kumafunikira chisamaliro. Ngati mtengowo umasamalidwa ndi eni ake, uwayankha mwachangu ndi maluwa owala bwino komanso maluwa onunkhira bwino.