Amazing gloxinia: kufotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Krasnoyarsk ndi Red Riding Hood, zithunzi za duwa ndi maonekedwe a kulima kwake

Gloxinia - maluwa padziko lonse lapansi. Pansi pa chilengedwe, limakula ku Latin America. Ndipo dzina lake lossaiŵalika limachokera kwa botanist wotchuka wa padziko lonse, Benjamin Gloxin.

Malo gloxinia ndi tuberous osatha ndi tsinde lalifupi ndi lolemera, masamba okongola a mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Maluwa ofanana ndi maonekedwe a belu, ophweka kapena awiri, pinki, ofiira, oyera, ofiira, ofiira, odula kapena awiri, amafika masentimita asanu m'litali ndi masentimita 7.

Gloxinia ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu, yosiyana ndi mzake ndi mthunzi ndi mthunzi wa maluwa, kukula kwa mbewu yokha ndi masamba ake. Mitundu yonse yoonekera kwambiri ndi gloxinia yofiira.

Ndani anapeza chomera?

Pambuyo pake, wasayansi wina wa ku Ulaya - German Wilhelm Zinning anapeza ndipo anafotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa - "majeremusi". Chinyengo chinali chakuti iwo anali ofanana gloxinia, koma ndi dzina losiyana.

Katswiri wazitsamba wa ku Germany anapeza kuti duwa ili ndi mizu ya tuberous. Akatswiri a sayansi anazindikira kuti anatulukira, adatchula mndandanda wa maluwa, ndipo anayamba kutcha "Syning." Koma alimi olima maluwa sadagwirizane ndi zofunikira izi ndipo adatchedwanso "gloxinia".

Kodi zimawoneka bwanji?

Kutalika, duwa likhoza kukhala kuchokera masentimita asanu ndi limodzi mpaka asanu ndi limodzi, mpaka masentimita 70 kapena kuposa. Mitundu ina ya gloxinia ndi zitsamba, pamene zina ndi zitsamba.. Inde, zomera za herbaceous zimagonjetsa.

Kukula kwa chaka chokha cha chomera chosatha kumayambira kumayambiriro kwa masika ndipo kumatha mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Kumapeto kwa autumn ndi nyengo yozizira, gloxinia imatha, kuchepetsa ntchito yake. Dothi la udzu limafa, ndipo nyengo yachisanu imakhala yozizira pansi pothandizidwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'chilimwe.

Pakubwera kwa kuwala koyamba kwa dzuŵa, masambawa amachotsedwa, masamba oyambirira akuwonekera. Pakapita masabata angapo, mapesi ndi pedicle amachoka pansi. Pa aliyense wa iwo, pangakhale phindu limodzi mpaka asanu ndi awiri.

Zosiyana za mitundu ya gloxinia zikuphatikizapo:

1. Maonekedwe amafanana ndi mabelu.
2. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa.
3. Kutalika kwakukulu.

Okonda ambiri amasokoneza gloxinia ndi violet. Koma izi ndi ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri ndi zomera, kusiyana kwakukulu kwa wina ndi mzake kudzakhala maluwa. Mu heroine wa m'nkhaniyi, iye, monga taonera, amawoneka ngati belu, ndipo mu violet - pansi. Komanso, chiwerengero cha maluwa pa mbeu iliyonse chidzakhala choyamba pazoyamba.

Gloxinia ili ndi njira zingapo zobereketsera.:

• mizu;
• masamba;
• mbewu;
• zojambulajambula.

Zosiyanasiyana: kufotokoza ndi chithunzi

Ndipotu, wamaluwa ndi amalima amaluwa m'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi amakopeka ndi mitundu ya gloxinia, yomwe ili ndi maluwa ofiira. Malo razvodchiki amatsatira zofanana zomwezo. Kufiira kumawoneka kowala kwambiri, ndipo, monga akunena m'dziko lathu, "olemera".

Kamphanga Kakang'ono Kofiira

Dzina la zosiyanasiyana linali chifukwa cha masango aakulu a maluwa ofiira, ofanana ndi kapu. Chipewa choterocho chimapezeka pa chomera chochepa cha mchenga panthawi ya maluwa. Ili ndi mtundu wofiira, pang'onopang'ono umadetsedwa kumbali yoyera yamkati. Masamba ndi mthunzi wamdima wobiriwira ndipo amawumbidwa pansi.

Tsambalo ndi lobiriwira, lopambana, m'mphepete mwake limapindikizidwa mkati. Chithunzi gloxinia ndi masamba "kapu" ,wonetsani zazikulu zonse za duwa ili

Krasnoyarsk

Maluwa omwe mumawakonda kwambiri, chithunzi chomwe mungachione kukongola kwake. Zimayesedwa kwambiri.

Palinso maluwa amodzi osakanikirana opanda mabala a mtundu wosiyana.. Mapeto a petals nthawi zonse amakhala owala kuposa m'munsi mwa duwa rosette.

Malamulo okula

Gloxinia - wodzichepetsa kwambiri poswana maluwa. Wodzilima woyamba adzawakula bwino. Mukungofuna kutsatira malamulo angapo:

1. Kuunikira kokwanira - Gloxinia ikuchokera ku Central America, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimasowa kuwala kwambiri. Chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa pambali pa dzuwa, kapena pamalo owala a m'munda. Mwinamwake maluwa a penumbra, koma ndiye kukumbukira kwambiri udzu wobiriwira kuposa maluwa owala.

   Mudzazindikira mwamsanga kuti nyama yanu ilibe dzuwa lokwanira ngati masamba akuyamba kukula. Mukamatsatira njira yowunikira, amawoneka mozungulira kapena pansi.

2. Kutentha kokwanira - Chomeracho chikufuna ulamuliro wa kutentha kwa dziko lakwawo, ndiko kuti, otentha. Mwa madigiri - izi ndi za + 20 Celsius. Kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikiro ichi ndi mayina 8-10 mpaka mmwamba, gloxinia amasiya kupanga zojambulajambula. Pa kutentha pansi pa madigiri 18, gloxinia ikhoza kufa.

3. Mthunzi wochuluka - Gloxinia amakonda nthaka yonyowa komanso osati mpweya wouma. Chifukwa chake, kuwaika pafupi ndi magetsi otentha kungakhale kulakwitsa koopsa. Kupopera mbewu ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse kumathandiza kukhazikitsa nyengo yozizira.

   Kuthirira kumakhala kobwerezabwereza komanso kosavuta, koma kuti madzi asawonongeke ndi kuwononga mizu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti payenera kukhala ndi ngalande mu mphika. Odziŵa bwino wamaluwa anadza ndi mtundu wotsitsa moyo kwa izi. Pofuna kusungunula bwino dothi, sphagnum moss ikhoza kuikidwa pansi. Adzatenga zina mwa chinyezi ndikupatsanso pansi.

Kusankhidwa kwa dothi

Mitundu yofiira ya Gloxinia ili ndi zofanana zofanana ndi nthaka ndi kukula kwa zinthu zina zonse.

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira ndi yopuma.. Kuchokera ku dothi losakanikirana popanga Gloxinia, ponseponse ponseponse komanso kuphatikizapo malo okhala ndi mchenga tidzakhala abwino. Mlingo wa acidity sayenera kukhala wapamwamba kuposa 6.5 Ph. Gloxinia sichidzayamba kukula mu nthaka yosavuta. Musanadzalemo, ndibwino kuti tithetse nthaka ndi yankho la manganese kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Ngati mukukonzekera kukula maluwa osati m'munda, koma mumphika, muyenera kulingalira mfundo izi:

• mphika ukhale wozungulira;
• Gloxinia amasankha zida zopanda kanthu;
• Zinthu zomwe mphika wapangidwa sizilibe kanthu.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba anabzala zomera zoyenera mphamvu, okhala ndi awiri a masentimita 7-10. Pakuti digitali ya gloxinia iyenera kuwonjezeka kufika pa masentimita 15.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Gloxinia ndi ofanana ndi maasitasi monga zomera zonse za herbaceous. Mitundu ya zinyama, ndithudi, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amakhala mkati mwa nthaka osakaniza.

Adani wamba ndi awa:

1. thrips;
2. kangaude;
3. aphid;
4. mbozi;
5. nematodes.

Mankhwala odabwitsa kuchokera ku sitolo yapadera amathandiza kuthana nawo pamene agwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo.

Mwazirombo zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu uwu wa maluwa, muzu zowola, blackleg ndi imvi zowola ayenera kudziwika. Matenda onse a gloxinia amayamba chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira.. Pochiza, munthu ayenera kuyamba kuchepetsa msampha m'nthaka, kuchotsa zilondazo ndi kuchiza ndi fungicides.

Njira zoberekera

Kupirira kwachilengedwe kwa gloxinia ndi wapadera nyengo ya makolo ake kunakhudza maluwa a kuswana. Chomera ichi chingatchulidwe mosamalitsa kuti chilengedwe chonse, chifukwa chimawonjezeka pafupifupi njira zonse zodziwika ndi sayansi:

• Mbewu - yofesedwa pamwamba pa nthaka kuyambira November mpaka February. Mphukira zoyamba zimaonekera patapita masiku 14. Pakuwonekera kwa timapepala 2-3 tating'ono ting'onoting'ono ta gloxinia, timapatulidwa kapena kuikidwa m'zinthu zina.
• Masamba - Tsamba loyera limadulidwa mosamala. Kuphatikizidwa kumapangidwira pakati pa mitsempha yamkati ndikuyikidwa muzolowera mumtunda wothira. Posakhalitsa amawombera adzawonekera kuchokera kumalonda pa tsambali lapachiyambi.
• Tubers - Miphika yamagazi imagawidwa kotero kuti 1-2 mphukira amakhalabe pa gawo lirilonse. Dulani pansi owazidwa ndi malasha osweka ndi kubzala mu nthaka yonyowa.
• Cuttings - wathanzi cuttings ndi masamba amalekanitsidwa ndi tsinde yaikulu ya chomera. Tsinde lililonse liyikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi, ndipo pambuyo pooneka mizu yabzalidwa pansi.

Abale ndi mitundu - zomera zofanana

1. Hippeastrum - maluwa amphamvu omwe ali ndi anyezi aakulu (mpaka masentimita 20 m'mimba mwake) ndi mizu yopangidwa bwino.
   Pakati pa maluwa, kuponyera maluwa akuluakulu omwe amakhala ochuluka akhoza kufika kukula kwa nkhonya za munthu. Maluwa ali ndi mithunzi yambiri: yofiira, yoyera, yachikasu.
2. Coleria - Mbale wapamtima wa Gloxinia. Mbali yapadera - masamba ophimbidwa ndi maolivi. Maluwa amafanana ndi mabelu, koma amakhala ndi maonekedwe a surreal chifukwa cha malingaliro awo osagwirizana.
3. Tuberous Begonia - komanso kukongola okondedwa ndi florists padziko lonse kuchokera pawindo sill. Begonias ali ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a tchire. Mitundu ina imamera pachilimwe, ndipo ena - chaka chonse.
4. Streptokarpus - Wina wachibale gloxinia. Kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe osiyana a masamba, iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ochepa. Maluwawo ndi osiyana, iwo amawoneka mozungulira pa streptocarpus.
5. Achimenez - maluwa osatha shrub. Maluwa, akuoneka ngati belu, ali ndi maziko aakulu kwambiri. Motero, iwo amawoneka akuwonetseredwa. Maluwa - mpaka kawiri pa nyengo.

Kutsiliza

Kuphulika kofiira gloxinia kudzakuthandizani kukongoletsa nyumba yanu kapena munda wanu wokongola komanso wosawala maluwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Iwo ali odzichepetsa kwambiri mu chisamaliro ndipo sangapange mavuto aakulu. Kutsatira ndondomeko zosavuta zothandizira kudzakuthandizani kusangalala nawo kwa zaka 10.