Kodi ndikuthekanso kubzala maluwa kumeneku: kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndikufunika kachitidwe

Mitundu yoposa 35,000 ya ma orchid imadziwika. Kuchokera ku Greek, "orchid" amatanthauzidwa "ngati gulugufe." Ichi ndi maluwa okongola omwe safuna chisamaliro chovuta. Mtundu wofala kwambiri wobzala kunyumba ndi phalaenopsis. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imatha kutulutsa pafupifupi chaka chonse. Monga mbewu zambiri zakunyumba, ma orchid amafunika kumuyika. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati nkotheka kutulutsa maluwa pamaluwa.

Orchid

Zifukwa Zosintha

Zaka 2-3 zilizonse, orchid wapanyumba amafunikira kusintha kwa gawo ndi mphika. Koma pali nthawi zina pomwe simungachedwe kuzengeleza, chifukwa chomera chikhoza kufa. Chifukwa chake, ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingakhudzire nthawi yomwe maluwa amasinthira:

Kuvunda

Ngakhale mbewu itangowoneka yabwinobwino poyamba, ichi sichizindikiro kuti zonse zili mu dongosolo ndi mizu. Chifukwa chakuti makamaka ma orchid amabzalidwa mumiphika wowoneka bwino, sizovuta kudziwa chikhalidwe cha mizu.

Mfundo yoti kuvunda kumayamba kuonekanso ndi duwa lokha:

• masamba ndi maluwa amachepetsa kukula kapena kuleka kukulira limodzi;
• masamba ayamba kusintha mtundu, kutembenukira chikasu;
• mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba;
• maluwa ndi masamba ayamba kumera ndi kutha.

Njira yowola mizu imayamba chifukwa duwa nthawi zambiri limathirira madzi. Kuti magwiridwe antchito azikhala bwino, mizu imayenera kupukuta isanatsirire. Kuwala kumakhudzanso. Ndi kupanda kwake, mbewuyo singatenge chinyezi chofunikira. Ngati gawo loyera ndilopanda mphamvu kapena losauka, izi zimaphatikizapo mpweya wosakwanira kufikira mizu, pomwe mizu "imatulutsa".

Kuwonongeka kwa maluwa

Tizilombo

Pali mitundu ingapo ya tizirombo tomwe titha kuswana m'nyumba m'nyumba zanyumba:

• mealy ndi mizu mealybug;
• nsabwe za m'masamba;
• kuponya;
• chishango chachikulu ndi chishango chabodza;
• choyera;
• akangaude ndi owonda;
• udzudzu wa bowa.

Imodzi mwa majeremusi ovuta kwambiri ndi mealybug ya ufa. Tizilombo timawoneka ngati tating'ono 5mm kukula kwake. Akazi achikulire kapena mphutsi ndizovulaza. Amabaya chimeracho ndikupeza michere kuchokera pamenepo. Akagundidwa, ma enzyme amalowa mu chomera chomwe chimapangitsa zovuta za mbewuyo. Tikagwidwa ndi matendawa, mbewuyo imayamba kutengera matenda aliwonse.

Mphutsi imakhala ndi kukula kwa 2-4 mm, mtundu wonyezimira kapena wachikasu. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha kuwononga mizu ndi gawo la mlengalenga. Amadya madzi a orchid. Tizilomboti tikawonongeka, mbewu imayamba kufooka kwambiri.

Ma nsabwe za m'mimba zimawoneka mosavuta pachomera. Ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo imachulukana mwachangu. Pali nsabwe za m'maso zachikasu kapena zobiriwira. Imatha kukhazikika pamtondo uliwonse. Amabowola chimera chadambewu ndikudya chakudya cham'mimba.

Ngati masamba a maluwa okongola a orchid ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono osawoneka, ndiye kuti mbewuyo idakomoka. Awa ndi mitundu yolephera yolimbana ndi tiziromboti yomwe imakhala pam masamba kapena maluwa. Amakhala ochepa kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mapiko, mothandizidwa ndi omwe amatha kuwuluka kuchokera ku chomera kupita ku china, kufalitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Scale kapena pseudoscutum nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pamitengo kapena mitengo ikuluikulu. Izi tiziromboti timayamwa madziwo ndikutulutsa chinthu chomata. Imaphimba mbewu za mmera, zomwe zimasokoneza kupuma ndi kukula kwa maluwa. Matendawa akagwidwa ndi tiziromboti, masamba a orchid amayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa.

Whitefly ndi kachilombo kakang'ono, komwe kutalika kwake ndi 1 mm, komwe kali ndi mapiko owala. Amayamwa mankhwalawo muzinthu za mbewu. Pamaso pamasamba masamba okhazikika achikasu ndi shuga timadzi tokoma. Maluwa amayamba kufooka ndikuleka kukula.

Vuto lodziwika bwino kwambiri kwa mbewu ndi kangaude. Nthawi zambiri, amapezeka pomwe pali maluwa m'nyumba. Ngati madontho oyera ndi tsamba loonda patapezeka pamalowo, ndiye kuti ali ndi kachilombo. Kumbali yosiyana ya pepalali, prokusi ndi zolembapo zasiliva.

Tizilombo

Mizu yazinthu

Matenda a mizu ya Orchid amagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• tizilombo. Pankhaniyi, mbewuyi imakhudzidwa kwathunthu. Mizu yawo imakutidwa ndi mawanga kapena mikwingwirima;
• bakiteriya. Ndi matenda oterewa, zilonda zam'mimba zimawonekera pamizu ndi madzi omwe amatulutsidwa kuchokera;
• fungal. Pankhani ya matenda otere, mizu imakutidwa ndi pachikasu kapena pinki.

Njira zopatsira kunyumba

Funso lofunika lomwe amafunsa poyambira wamaluwa: kodi ndizotheka kutulutsa maluwa kapena maluwa? Phalaenopsis orchid ilibe nthawi yowuma. Amakonda kumera: Masamba amakula, kapena maluwa amatuluka.

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yonyamula ndi masika. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala zochitika zotere, mwachitsanzo, matenda achomera, omwe amafunika kumuika mwachangu, ngakhale maluwa atamasulidwa kapena ayi. Kodi ndizotheka kutulutsa maluwa pamaluwa? Mutha kutero, ngati simukuphwanya mizu.

Kuthirira

Kuti muthane ndi zofunikira zonse zonyowa, muyenera kumvetsetsa izi:

• Ngati mukuthira duwa osawonongeka ndikutsuka mizu, osasintha dothi, mumphika watsopano, maluwawo samazindikira kusintha kumeneku, sasiya kuphuka. Mutha kupitilizabe kuthirira, malinga ndi zosowa za chomera, malinga ndi pulani yakale;
• kuti ndikazika ndikuchita ndikuchepetsa mizu yowonongeka, ndikusintha dothi, boma lapadera lothirira likufunika.

Mukangodzula, mutha kuthirira duwa ngati likufunika dothi latsopano. Ngati dothi ndi lakale komanso lomwe linali koyambirira, simuyenera kukhala akhama ndi kuthirira, ndibwino kudikirira masiku 4-5 kuti muume bwino. Ngati mbewuyo imalowetsedwa m'chilimwe, kuthirira koyamba kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa maola 24, ngati maluwawa atalowetsedwa nthawi yozizira, patatha masiku 2-4.

Kuthirira

Kusankha kwamphamvu

Thanzi linanso la mtengowu limatengera kusankha kwa mphika wa maluwa. Dongosolo la duwa ili liyenera kulandira mpweya ndi kuyatsa, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kaye. Mizu sayenera kukula mpaka makoma a chidebe.

Chomwe muyenera kukhala mphika woyenera wa orchid:

• Payenera kukhala kuchuluka kwa mabowo okwirira pansi pa mphika. Madzi othirira okwanira adzadutsa pakati pawo, ndipo mpweya wabwino nawonso udzachitike. Ngati muli mphika zochepa mumphika womwe mungafune, mutha kukumba nokha;
• chomera chamtundu wa orchid, muyenera kusankha poto wokulirapo masentimita angapo kuposa wakale. Pansi pa mphika uyenera kukhala 3-5 masentimita okwanira;
• Zotengera zazikuru kwambiri siziyenera kusankhidwa, chifukwa mphamvu zonse za chomera zidzalowetsedwa ku mizu kuti mudzaze mphika wonse. Maluwa oterewa amakhala osowa kwambiri pachimake. Komanso m'mbale zazikulu, gawo lapansi lidzauma nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mizu ivunde.

Thirani dothi

Orchid ndi mbewu yotentha yomwe imamera pamitengo. Sichikula m'nthaka wamba. Kuti maluwa akule bwino, gawo loyenerera limafunikira. Zosakaniza zapadera zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo, omwe amaphatikizapo makungwa amitengo. Zowonjezera zina monga moss, makala ndi fern mizu nazonso zingawonjezedwe.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha dothi lolondola la orchid ndi kukongola kwake. Iyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Makungwa sayenera kukhala akulu kwambiri, koma ochepa. Gawo laling'ono sililola kuti mpweya udutse ndikuwuma kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimatha kuwononga mizu ya mbewu.

Nthaka ya maluwa

Mutha kukonzekera nthaka ya duwa nokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:

1. Sungani khungwa la paini pamtengo wakugwa.
2. Muzimutsuka bwino ndi madzi.
3. Sankhani magawo 1.5-6 masentimita pogwiritsa ntchito pruner.
4. Wiritsani kwa mphindi zingapo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti musafe.
5. Pambuyo kuwira, nadzatsanso ndikuphika kachiwiri.
6. Pukuta, koma osati kwathunthu.

Maluwa a Orchid

Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amalowera m'nyumba maluwa. Nthawi, kuchuluka kwamaluwa a orchid, ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa mu ora la phalaenopsis akhoza kukhala osiyana. Makina amtunduwu ndi osiyanasiyana. Maluwa amatha kukhala a monophonic kapena okhala ndi mitsempha yautoto kapena mawanga.

Kodi limatulutsa kangati

Kukula kwa maluwa otengera maluwa kumadalira msika wa mbewu. Achichepere kwambiri sangathe kupanga ma peduncle. Koma ngati mbewuyo ili kale ndi zaka 1.5-2, imayenera kuphuka. Chiwerengero cha masamba chimakhudzanso maluwa a orchid. Ngati wapanga kale ma sheet 5.6 amphamvu, ndi wokonzeka kupanga masamba.

Pali nthawi zina zakudekha pomwe orchid safuna kusangalatsa ndi maluwa ake okongola. Ngati izi zikuchedwa, mutha "kudodometsa" chomeracho, mwachitsanzo, ikonzanso mphika m'malo watsopano. Izi zikuthandizira kukula ndi duwa.

Nthawi yochuluka bwanji

Maluwa amasamalidwa bwino kwa miyezi ingapo ngati akusamalidwa bwino komanso malo abwino. Mitundu ina ya duwa imatha kuphuka kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Maluwa a Orchid amayamba kuyambira pomwe bud imayamba. Pambuyo poti yatseguke kwathunthu, duwa limapitilirabe kukula ndikukula kwa masiku ena angapo. Masamba onse amatseguka pang'onopang'ono.

Zomera zikagwetsa maluwa ake oyamba, masamba ena mwina sangatsegulidwe kapena kukhalapo. Chifukwa chake, maluwawa a orchid amatalika kokwanira.

Monga lamulo, masamba omwe ali pafupi ndi kumapeto kwa peduncle amayamba kuphuka kaye. Kuti muwulule bwino maluwa, masiku 1-2 amafunikira. Pansi pa kulemera kwa masamba ndi maluwa, peduncle ikhoza kuthyoka, kupewa izi, muyenera kumatira ndodo ya pulasitiki kapena yamatabwa mumphika ndikumangirira peduncle kwa iwo.

Maluwa a Orchid

Kusamalira maluwa kwina

Maluwa atasinthidwa, amayenera kuyikidwa pamalo osatentha, omwe amatetezedwa ku zojambula ndi kuwunika kwa dzuwa. Kutentha kokwanira kwambiri kwa chomera chofesedwa ndi 20-22 ° C. Popanda chosafunikira, musakonzenso mphika koyamba, masiku 10. Kenako, maluwa ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwachizolowezi.

Sichiyenera kuloledwa kuti kusintha kwa kutentha, kuwunikira, ndi chinyezi cha mpweya zisinthe kwambiri. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuthirira, monga: kusamba, kusinja, kuthirira kapena kupopera. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata, kasupe ndi chilimwe - kawiri masiku 10 aliwonse.

Chifukwa chake, kupatsirana kwa orchid ndi njira yoyambira, yomwe ndiyofunika kuganizira mfundo zina. Pambuyo pake, chinthu chachikulu ndikupereka chisamaliro chabwino. Pokhapokha maluwa adzakondwera ndi maluwa akutali.