Aliyense amadziwa kuti maula amawoneka bwanji. Ichi ndi chomera chokondeka cha wamaluwa chifukwa cha zipatso zake zosangalatsa komanso zokoma.
Lili ndi katundu wothandiza, wolemera mu mchere ndi mavitamini. Mapulogalamu a phala ali ndi potaziyamu, fluorine, sodium, mapuloteni, zakudya zamagetsi, chakudya, vitamini B1, B2, C, E, ndi PP.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa plums kwapezeka malo ake mu mankhwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga ndi matenda a impso, amatha kuchotsa thupi la munthu la cholesterol. Pamene kudzimbidwa ndi matumbo m'mimba kumakhala ndi poizoni wofatsa.
Kudya plums kungakhale kothandiza kugwidwa, matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, matenda osokoneza bongo. M'nkhaniyi tiona zochitika zonse za kulima nyumba zowonongeka.
Phula kunyumba: kufotokoza mtengo wa zipatso
Ovomerezeka wamaluwa samadziwa, mtengo - mtengo kapena chitsamba.
Mtengo uwu uli ndi korona wooneka ngati dzira, zaka zowonjezera zimafika zaka 15, ndipo chomeracho chingakhale ndi moyo kwa kotala la zaka zana limodzi.
Mitengo yoyambirira ya plums ingabereke mbewu kale chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, koma kenako mitundu - mwachisanu ndi chimodzi.
Mphukira imakhala ndi mizu ya taproot, ndipo pafupifupi mizu yonse imakhala masentimita 35. Mabala si aang'ono, mtengo ukhoza kufika mamita 15. Muli wamfupi, wophweka, elliptical kapena obovate, pamphepete mwasamba, otsika kuchokera kumunsi. Masambawa amakhala masentimita 10 m'litali, mpaka masentimita asanu m'lifupi. Maluwa atatu amatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa amodzi.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi msinkhu, zosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa chisamaliro, zokolola za plums kuchokera mtengo umodzi zikhoza kufika 70-100 makilogalamu.Zipatso za maulawo zikhoza kukhala zachikasu, zofiira, zofiirira, zakuda buluu kapena zobiriwira zobiriwira. Nyumba yamwalayi imalumikizidwa ndikuphwanyika kumbali zonse ziwiri. Zipatso zingapangidwe kapena kuzungulira.
Madontho a kubzala kunyumba plums
Kumadera ozizidwa ndi nyengo yozizira, kubzala mitengo imakhala masika, pamene masamba asanakwane pachimake. Koma m'madera otentha a maulawo akhoza kubzalidwa mu kugwa, kotero adzakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ku chisanu. Komabe, ngati mbande ikubwera kwa inu mu October kapena November, iwo akulimbikitsidwa kukumbidwa musanayambe kasupe ndikuphimbidwa ndi masamba a spruce ku chisanu. Pamene chisanu chigwa, ndikofunikira kujambula chisanu cha matalala pa nthambi za spruce. Pakubwera kasupe, pamene masamba oyambirira akuyamba pachimake, mbande zapakhomo zimabzalidwa mu dzenje lokonzekera.
Malo
Malo oti nyumba zowonongeka ndizofunikira kusankha kuchokera kumwera kwakumadzulo kapena kumwera kwa malo. Kukula plums ndi lamulo losasintha. Ma plums ndi thermophilic, choncho ndibwino kukula ndikukula pamtunda kuchokera kumtunda, kumene nthaka imapuma bwino.
Mmerawo ukhoza kubzalidwa pamphepete mwa dzuŵa. Ngati dera likukula mumtunda, ndiye bwino kulima mapulaneti mpaka mamita 0.5, ndi mamita awiri mpaka mamita awiri. Kuwombera kwapakhomo kumakhala kovuta ku dothi, pamene kulima ndi kuwasamalira kuli kosavuta, koma zingakhale bwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lakuda kapena dothi lakuda.
Maonekedwe a nthaka yobzala
Nthaka yobzala iyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale, malowa amafunika kukumba, panthawi imodzimodziyo kupanga feteleza zamchere ndi zamasamba zamtundu wapamwamba. Popeza ndi bwino kubzala mazira kumayambiriro kwa autumn, muyenera kukumba m'deralo ndikukhala okalamba kwambiri m'dera lanu pansi pa dothi loyera musanabzala.
Mukudziwa? Ngati mutha kukonzekera kumapeto kwa nyengo, m'pofunika kukonza malowa masiku 14 isanachitike.Ngati nyengo ili yofewa, m'pofunikanso kubzala mazira mu kasupe, ndikukonzekera nthaka m'dzinja. Mukamabzala, kukumba dzenje, ndikuyang'ana mizu ya mbewu, mizu sayenera kukakamizidwa ndi makoma a dzenje ndikukwera mmwamba. Kawirikawiri, dzenje limakumba kufika mamita 0.5 m, ndipo lonse-mpaka mamita 0.7.
Zipangizo zamakono zopangira ma plamu
Chipatso ndi chomera chodziwika bwino, kotero zidzakhala zosavuta kudziwa luso loyenerera la kukula kwa nyumba. Kuti mtengo ukhale wolimba ndi kubweretsa zokolola zabwino, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungakonzekerere dzenje lodzala, nthawi, komanso ndondomeko ya kubzala kunyumba.
Tsiku lofika
Nthaŵi yobzala nyumba zowonongeka zimadalira kwambiri nyengo. Kumadera akum'mwera, zomera zimabzala bwino m'dzinja. Ndibwino kuti mupange mtengo mu kasupe pakatikati, koma kupulumuka kwabwino kwa maula omwe anabzala m'dzinja ndi kotheka. M'dera limene nyengo imakhala yovuta, nyumba yamaulendo alibe nthawi yokhala pansi, choncho chodzala chiyenera kuchitika kasupe. Mukamabzala plums, munthu ayenera kuganizira osati nthawi yokha, komanso nyengo yake ikukula. Mabungwe amakulira pokhapokha atapuma.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati chomeracho chinayamba kukula, ndiye kuti sichiyenera kuthamangitsidwa kumalo atsopano.
Kukonzekera dzenje
Dzenje la kubzala nyumba zimayenera kukumba mozama masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi (70 cm), ndipo chapamwamba chapamwamba cha dziko lapansi chimapangidwira kumbali imodzi ndizitsulo m'munsi. Pakatikati mwa dzenje muyenera kuyendetsa galimoto yaitali, msinkhu wotsika pamwamba pa nthaka uyenera kukhala wa theka la mita.
Chombo chimayendetsedwa ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi peat ndi humus.
Ndondomeko Yokwirira Zipatso
Kuyala plamu yoyenera n'kofunika kwambiri. Choyamba ndi kukonzekera dzenje lodzala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Dulani zonsezo ndi chisanji cha dziko lapansi. Mazu a chimbudzi ndi feteleza sayenera kulankhulana. Muyenera kuyendetsa galasi pamgombe. Mukamapanga maula omwe mukufunikira kuti mizu izuke 6-7 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka. Kenaka, muyenera kupanga sapkopat sapling, pamene mukupondaponda kwambiri nthaka ndi phazi lake. Mangani chomeracho ndikuchimathira.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji ndalama zapakhomo
Plamu si mtengo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri, wosabzala ndi kusamalira sikutanthauza khama, ngati mukudziwa nthawi ndi choti muchite.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi kufika kwa kasupe kumafunika kupachika mitengo ya mbalame. Izi ndi zofunika kuti akope mbalame zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi tizirombo.Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa March, mukhoza kupitirizabe kudulira pakhomo. Mu April, nthaka yozungulira mtengo wa mtengo iyenera kukumbidwa ndi feteleza ya nayitrogeni. Kwa mitengo yomwe ili ndi zaka zoposa chaka chimodzi, m'pofunikira kutenga 150-200 g ya urea kapena calcium nitrate, ndi plums yomwe imayamba kuphulika, 350-400 g.
Kukumba nthaka kuzungulira thunthu iyenera kukhala mosamala kwambiri, osapitirira masentimita 10, kuti asawononge mizu. M'nyengo yamasika, muyenera kuchita ntchito zowononga ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga zomwe zingapezeke mu makungwa a mtengo kapena m'nthaka yozungulira thunthu.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, pambuyo pa maluwa, amafunikira mchere ndi organic feteleza feteleza. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha chilimwe ndi chimodzimodzi ndi masika. M'nyengo yotentha, nyengo youma, nyumba zowonongeka zimayenera kuthiriridwa.
Chakumapeto kwa August, mtengo umayamba kubala chipatso, ndipo mukhoza kukolola kale. Pofuna kukonzekera mazira pa nyengo yozizira, pangani madzi okwanira kuthirira mtengo. Kenaka, ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane zikhalidwe za kulima bwino plums.
Nthawi zambiri kumamwa madzi pakhomo
Madzi akunyumba amafunika kuti nthaka yakuya ikhale yothira 40 masentimita. Kuthira madzi pa nthawi yokula kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mphepo, nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa nthaka kudutsa nthawi zisanu. Pansi pa mitengo yaying'ono, madzi amathiridwa mpaka 6, ndipo pansi pa mapulogalamu okwana 10. Kuthira kwachangu kwa plums ndilofunikira, ilo limanyoza nthaka ndi chinyezi mpaka kasupe pomwe nthawi yomweyo imapangitsa kukana mitengo kwa chisanu.
Malo apamwamba okongoletsera kunyumba
Zovala zapamwamba zodzikongoletsera panyumba nthawi zambiri zimamasulidwa padziko lapansi. Zovala zapangidwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa zaka zinayi pa mlingo wa 11-13 makilogalamu pa mamita, ndi mchere feteleza kamodzi pa zaka zitatu.
Potash ndi feteleza phosphate zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwa, ndi feteleza zamchere m'chaka. M'chaka choyamba ndi chachinayi kuyambira kubzala kwa nyumba, 70-90 g ya ammonium nitrate, 150-180 g wa superphosphate ndi 45-50 g ya potaziyamu mchere amaphatikizidwa pamodzi ndi kukumba.
Mu chaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri cha moyo wa mtengo, mlingo wa kudya umapitsidwanso kawiri.
Zomwe zimadulira mtengo wa zipatso
Kudulira mitengo yambiri ya nyumba kumakhala nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene kutaya kwa madzi kumayambira.
Mukudziwa? Popeza phala lamaluwa limakula mwamphamvu zaka zoyambirira za moyo, kudulira bwino kumachitika bwino m'chaka chachiwiri.Korona wa mtengo umapangidwa zaka zoposa zisanu. M'chaka chomwe maulawo adabzalidwa, sayenera kudulidwa, koma m'kati mwachiwiri masika okwana 7 akuwoneka pansi pa mtengo, womwe uli pamtunda womwewo ndi 45º ngodya pamtengo.
Panthawiyi, mukhoza kuyamba kupanga tier, pamene mukufunika kuchoka pamtengo pamtunda wa 50 cm, ndipo nthambi zomwe zimakula zimachotsedwa. Nthambi zomwe ziri pamwamba pa thunthu pa ngodya ya 40º zimachotsedweratu bwino, mwinamwake zikhoza kutha panthawi ya fruiting. Nthambi zotupa ziyenera kudulidwa ndi ⅓, ndipo ena onse amachoka pamphete, popanda kusiya stumps. 
Mphunzitsiyo ayenera kufupikitsidwa kuti mtengo wa chaka chimodzi ukhale wokwana mamita 1.8 m'chaka chachitatu cha moyo wa mtengowu, mphunzitsi ayenera kufupikitsidwa masentimita 40 pamwamba pa nthambi yopambana kwambiri, chifukwa choti woyendetsayo azikula molunjika.
Kudulira otsogolera mu chaka chachinayi kuyenera kuchitidwa kotero kuti ndikutalika kuposa nthambi za mafupa pafupi ndi masamba 6. Wotsogolera ayenera kudulidwa mpaka kutalika kwake ndi mamita 2.5. Pambuyo pa korona, kudulira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikitsa kukula kwa nthambi zatsopano za zipatso, zomwe zimapereka mbewu yaikulu.
Ndikofunikira! Kudulira zida zapakhomo zomwe zimakhala ndi zipangizo zowonongeka, mabala onse ayenera kukonzedwa ndi munda.
Matenda ndi kupewa tizilombo
Kunyumba pakhomo mutabzala sikufuna kokha kutsirira ndi kudulira, imakhalanso ndi chitetezo ku tizirombo. Kuchiza mankhwalawa kumakhala kumapeto kwa March, pamene kutaya kwa mbewu sikunayambe. Kuti mupeze yankho muyenera kuwonjezera 700 g wa urea pa 10 malita a madzi. 
Pa chithandizo, opanga mankhwala omwe amabweretsa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga omwe adapulumuka patatha nyengo yozizira, koma zomera zimalandira zowonjezera nayitrogeni. Ngati masamba a mtengowo atha, koma mulibe nthawi yowagwiritsira ntchito ndi urea, ndiye kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga Agravertin, Iskra-bio, Fitoverm.
Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, mitengo imatulutsidwa ndi yankho la "Zircon" kapena "Ekoberin", izi ndi zofunika kuti pitirizani kukana kwa mtengo ku matenda ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.
Makhalidwe apanyumba amachulukira bwanji
Maula ndi mtengo umene ukhoza kubala ndi kuwombera, miyala, mizu ndi yobiriwira cuttings, kumtumikizanitsa. Kenaka, tikuganizira njira iliyonse yoberekera mwatsatanetsatane.
- Kuberekana kwa mizu yachitsulo imayambira ndi njira yosavuta komanso yofulumira, yomwe imapangitsa kukula kwa mizu yolimba nthawi yomweyo. Pa mtunda kuchokera ku maula muyenera kusankha ana omwe ali bwino, kukumba muzu ndi kuwalekanitsa ndi mayi omwe ali pamtunda wa masentimita 20 kuchokera pamtengo. Dulani mzuwu ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi phula la munda, kotero kuti palibe matenda.
- Kudzala mfupa. Kuti muchite izi, fupa liyenera kukulunga mu nsalu kapena kuikapo firiji ndikuyiika mu firiji kuti ikhale yopangidwira kuyambira nthawi yophukira mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March. Kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, fupa limabzalidwa mu mphika ndipo, pamene limamera, limasamalira, monga momwe chizolowezi cha mbande chimadyetsedwa ndi kuthirira. Mbewu ikamera pang'ono, imabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti ikule. Chaka chotsatira, ali wokonzeka kuti afike pamalo osatha.
- Kubalana kwa maula ndi zobiriwira za cuttings zikukhala zotchuka kwambiri chifukwa zimabweretsa zotsatira zofulumira. Kudyetsa nkhumba kuyenera kuchitika mu June, pamene mphukira ikukula. Pakutha, ayenera kukhala masentimita 40, ayenera kuikidwa m'madzi. Kenaka, zidutswazo zimagwirizanitsidwa, ndipo zotsalazo zimasiyidwa usiku wonse mu njira ya "Heteroauxin". Pambuyo pake, amafunika kuwonjezereka kwa petiole ya tsamba lakutali pamtunda wa 45º pamtunda wa masentimita 7, ndipo pakati pa mizere iyenera kukhala masentimita 5 5. Pambuyo pa zidutswazo, mizu iyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Pamene maula akufalitsidwa ndi mizu ya cuttings, ayenera kudulidwa ku mphukira mu kugwa kapena kasupe. Ndikofunika kukumba mphukira pamodzi ndi mizu, atadula zidutswazo mpaka utali wa masentimita 15. Muzu wa cuttings umabzalidwa mu May komanso wobiriwira, pamtunda wa masentimita 10 wina ndi mzake, pansi pa chipewa choonekera.
- Kuti phulusa lazitsulo likhale losafunika ndalama ndi kumtengowo. Chigawo choyamba chikhoza kukula kuchokera ku mwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mizu ya mbeu wamkulu. Chitsa cha mitundu yotsatirayi chigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati katundu: Moscow, Renclod, Skorospelka wofiira, Ugorka. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yozizira kwambiri.
Kukolola maula kumangidwa
Mofanana ndi mitengo ina ya zipatso, nkofunika kudziwa nthawi yomwe chipatso chimawombera mutabzala. Kukolola pakhomo kumakhala kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Pali malamulo ena pamene mukusonkhanitsa plums zomwe ziwathandiza kukhalabe atsopano.
Ndi bwino kusonkhanitsa zouma panthaka. Kumayambiriro, pakadali mame, simuyenera kusonkhanitsa mutatha madzi kapena mvula. Ngati zipatsozo ndizowonongeka, ndiye kuti moyo wawo wazitali umachepetsedwa.
Zipatso zikapangidwa, ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa. Musati mudikire nthawi yomwe iwo amakhala ofewa. Mukasungirako kapena kutumiza zowonjezera, zipatso zathanzi, zogwirizana ndi tsinde zimasonkhanitsidwa. Sera pamapulumu imateteza iwo kuti asawononge malo ovuta. 
Yambani kusonkhanitsa plums kuchokera kumapeto kwa nthambi zotsika, kusunthira pamwamba. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa zipatso kuchokera pamwamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito benchi kapena makwerero. Kuima pa nthambi sikoyenera, chifukwa nkhuni ndizovuta. Ngati plums amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungirako kapena kayendedwe, simungathe kugwedeza mtengo kuti plums agwe.
Kuti phindu ndi mankhwala a chipatso azikhala kwa nthawi yaitali, mu chipinda chomwe plums chidzasungidwe, kutentha kumafunika kuchokera 0 mpaka 2 ° C, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 80%.
Mukudziwa? Zipatso zipse nthawi yomweyo, kotero zimakolola maulendo awiri.Ngati mumatsatira malamulo omwe ali pamwambawa, zokolola zokolola sizidzakhala zochepa, ndipo mabala omwe akukhala nawo kunyumba adzasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
