Oyamba obwera kwawo, atafika poti akonze Siberia, anayesera kuti adye peyala kumeneko. Kulakwitsa kwawo kunali kuti mitundu ya ku Ulaya yomwe amalima atsopano akuyesera kukula mu nyengo yovuta siingathe kulekerera nyengo yozizira ya malo amenewo.
Koma mapeyala akhoza kukula mchikhalidwe cha nyengo yaikulu ya Siberia. Kuti muchite izi, mukufunikira kusankha mitundu yoyenera yomwe ingapitirire ku Siberia.
Oyenera kwambiri ndi awa: "Severyanka", "Autumn Yakovlev", "Favorite", "Memory of Yakovlev", "Autumn Dream", "Svetlyanka", "Taiga", "Lukashevka", "Nthano". Kuwonjezera apo tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane mitundu ina.
Zosiyanasiyana mapeyala "Northerner"
Mtengo, monga lamulo, umakula si waukulu. Korona nthawi zambiri sali wandiweyani, wochuluka, mawonekedwe a pyramidal. Makungwawo ndi ofewa, imvi ndi mtundu. Amatha mapeyala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana si obiriwira, kuwala kobiriwira. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ophwanyika pang'ono ndi malekezero ozungulira ndi kuzungulira kuzungulira. Maluwa Severyanka woyera, inflorescences ali pa 4-6 zidutswa.
Zipatso, peyala Severyanka, imabweretsa zochepaMaonekedwewa amatengedwa ndi truncated-conical. Akakhwima, chipatsocho chimakhala chobiriwira-chikasu, pang'onopang'ono kutembenuka chikasu ndi kupeza kuwala kosalala. Northerner ali lokoma-wowawasa kukoma, yowutsa mudyo zamkati wa sing'anga osalimba. Zipatso zipsa kumayambiriro kwa August.
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zochepa za mitengo, zipatso zokolola, nyengo yozizira, zokolola zosiyanasiyana, komanso chitetezo cha nkhanambo.
Kuwonjezera apo, izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zovuta: kuwonjezeka kwa mbeu, kukula kwakukulu kwa zipatso, zomwe zimawoneka ngati mapeyala ang'onoang'ono komanso kuchepetsa kukoma. Poyang'ana zovuta, Northerner sagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ndi wamaluwa, koma ndibwino kubzala mitundu yatsopano.
Peyala "Yophukira Yakovlev"
Mitengo mitundu Yophukira Yakovleva kukula mofulumira ndikukula wamtali. Korona wozungulirayo imapanga pang'ono pampando wa nthambi, nthambi za chigoba zimayang'anitsitsa molimba. Mphukira nthawi zambiri imakhala yozungulira ndipo imakhala ndi mphodza pang'ono. Masamba akukula mmwamba, ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mphete ndi serrate m'mphepete mwake.
Mapeyala amapezeka pamadziwe a zipatso ndi kolchatka. Zipatso zimakula mtundu waukulu wa peyala wobiriwira, wofiira. Kulemera kwa mapeyala pafupifupi - 250 magalamu. Kulawa zipatso ndizowona, m'malo mwake zimakhala zokoma komanso zokoma. Mbewu imabereka kumapeto kwa chilimwe - oyambirira autumn. Kawirikawiri zokolola za mtengo umodzi ndi 30-35 makilogalamu a mapeyala. Mu nyengo yozizira, chipatsochi chikhoza kupulumutsidwa mpaka January.
Anabzala izi mosiyanasiyana mu dothi lofikira. Ndi bwino kutsika mu kasupe, kapena mwezi usanakwane chisanu mu autumn, kuwonjezera peat, kompositi. Mbande ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo m'chaka choyamba simungakhoze kuthira manyowa. Mtengo wachikulire sumafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse, chifukwa sichimalola chinyezi chokwanira. Peyala amapereka zotsatira zabwino pa dothi lopatsa thanzi, lopaka madzi.
Zina mwa ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana - zabwino kutengerana chilala, chisanu ndi zodabwitsa kukoma zipatso. Zopweteka ndizochepa kutsutsana ndi nkhanambo ndi kukula kwa mitengo.
Tsatanetsatane wa zosiyanasiyana "Autumn Dream"
Mitengo imakula yaying'ono, imakhala ndi pyramidal, korona yochepa. The mphukira ndi sing'anga wandiweyani, pang'ono kupindika, mtundu wachikasu. Olemera, oblong, masamba ofunda obiriwira, mbaleyo ndi yopindika pang'ono ndi serrate.
Zipatso zimakula pang'ono, osati mofanana kwambiri, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Mtundu waukulu wa zipatso zakupsa uli wobiriwira-wachikasu, womwe umatukuka ndikupeza mawonekedwe a tani yonyezimira. Zipatso ndizosavuta, zowutsa mudyo, zosakanikirana mukulingalira, zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma ndi kowawa, kokondweretsa. Bwerani pafupi mapeto a August. Ngati mutatsata malonda (0-1C), chipatsochi chikhoza kusungidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Olima munda amasonyeza ubwino wotere wa zosiyanasiyana: mitengo yaying'ono, nkhanambo yotetezeka, Zipatso zitha kukhala yosungirako nthawi yaitali. Zowonongeka sizoopsa - ziri ndi mawonekedwe osakondweretsa.
Ndizosangalatsanso kuwerenga za mitundu ya mapeyala a Mitsinje.
About zosiyanasiyana "Svetlyanka"
Mitengo yokhwima ndi yaying'ono ndipo imakhala yokhala ndi korona. Mphukira yolimba imakula kukula kwa sing'anga, kuwala kofiira, ndi nthenga zambiri. Masamba a Svetlyanka ndi osakanikirana, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ochepa, ndi pang'ono.
Zipatso zimakula kukula kwake, pafupifupi 90-120 magalamu. Mapeyala amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozolowereka, khungu limakhala losalala. Mtundu waukulu wa zipatso zakupsa uli wobiriwira-wachikasu. Zipatso zili ndi pulasitiki zakuya ndi pakati, zimakhala zovuta. Thupi la mapeyala amenewa ndi lokoma, lokoma komanso yowutsa mudyo. Zokolola ziri kucha kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September ndipo zikhoza kusungidwa kwa pafupi masiku 90.
Phindu losayembekezereka ndi bwino nyengo yozizira hardiness ndipamwamba chitetezo cha matenda, komanso kukoma kwa mapeyala. Chosavuta ndikutaya kwa zipatso chifukwa cha makulidwe a korona ndipo, nthawi zina, kukolola kwa zipatso za munthu pa nthawi yosungirako nthawi yaitali.
Sor litter "Nthano"
Mitengo Mitundu yachinyengo imatha kukula ponsepakati komanso pamwamba. Kukula mofulumira ndi kukhala ndi korona wa sing'anga makulidwe ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a pyramidal. Nthambizi ndizokwanira. Mphukirazo ndizopakatikati, zofiira ndi mtundu.
Masamba, monga lamulo, ali a sing'anga, ochepa pang'ono ndi ozungulira pang'ono, mtundu wawo uli wobiriwira, alibe pubescence, koma mosiyana kuwala. Tsambali ili ndi serrate ndipo imakhala yokhota pang'ono mpaka pansi. Maluwa okhala ndi mitsempha yam'mimba imakula kukula pakati.
Zipatso Zanthano zazing'ono. Khungu lawo lili ndi kuphulika, kosalala, kobiriwira. Tsinde la peyala ili nthawi yayitali komanso yokhotakhota pang'ono, phokoso la chipatso ndiloling'ono, lokhazikika. Mnofu wa chipatsocho ndi wowutsa mudyo, wobiriwira. Mbewu imabereka kumapeto kwa September ndipo ikhoza kusungidwa masiku 30 mpaka 90.
Mphamvu za akatswiri osiyanasiyana zimatcha yozizira hardiness ndipo, ndithudi, zimakhala zokoma komanso zotsutsana ndi nkhanambo.
Pang'ono pang'ono pa kalasi ya "Uralochka"
Mitengo ya Mitengo ya Uralochka ikhoza kufika mamita asanu mu msinkhu. Nthambi zikukula molunjika, korona siwandiweyani. Makungwa, nthawi zambiri, imvi. Mphukira ndi sing'anga, zolembedwera pang'ono ndi zozungulira. Masambawa ali obiriwira mobiriwira, owala komanso ofewa.
Zipatso ochepa kwambiri - pafupifupi magalamu 45. Khungu ndi lovuta komanso lochepa pang'ono. Akakhwima, zipatso zimakhala golide wachikasu. Tsinde ndilopakatikati, kukula kwake ndipo limayambira mu pulasitiki yaing'ono. Mnofu ndi wokoma ndi wowawasa komanso wambiri wambiri. Nthano zachabechabe zachedwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndi kuphulika ndi September 15-25. Moyo wamasamba siutali nthawi yaitali - mpaka masiku 30.
Ubwino wa mitundu yamaluwa amalingalira: mkulu wachisanu hardiness, kukana nkhanambo, mkulu wa kukana maluwa usiku chisanu. Kuberekera kumachitika ndi kubzala ndi kukulumikiza pepala la Ussuri. Kudulira kumachitika makamaka kwa mitengo yaing'ono, ndipo imatheka ndi cholinga chokonzekera. Kudulira kotereku kumachitika pamitengo akuluakulu kuti abwezeretsedwe.
Description zosiyanasiyana "Dekabrinka"
Ukulu wa mitengo Decakrinka ukhoza kufika mamita asanu. Nthambi zimakula zokhotakhota, zimapanga korona wandiweyani. Akuwombera, osakanikirana ndi kukulakukula molunjika. Masamba ndi oblongola, koma ochepa, obiriwira ndi owala. Tsamba la tsamba limakwera mmwamba.
Zipatso Dekabrinkki pafupifupi, zimatha kufika 90-120 magalamu. Mapeyala ali ofanana, onetsetsani pamwamba. Panthawi yokolola, chipatsocho chimakhala mdima wonyezimira, ndi bulawuni. Mapesi aatali amachokera kumphepete yaing'ono, yochepa kwambiri.
Zipatso zimakhala zokometsera, ndi zokoma zowawa zamkati, zimakhala zonunkhira. Zipatso ziphuka kumapeto kwa zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zoyambirira za mwezi. Moyo wa phulusa ukhoza kusiyana miyezi itatu kapena itatu.
Decabrinka yosiyana imalekerera nyengo yozizirakusagwira ndi nkhanambo, kugonjetsedwa ndi nthata za peyala, zokolola zokhazikika komanso zosakwera. Kusangalatsa ku kukoma kwa chipatso - ubwino wosatsutsika wa zosiyanasiyana Decarinka.
Mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala "Fairy"
Mitengo "yodabwitsa" imakula yaitali. Olungama nthambi amapanga korona wandiweyani wa yopapatiza pyramidal mawonekedwe. Akuwombera kukula kwa sing'anga mu kutalika, mdima wofiira wamdima ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ozungulira kuzungulira.
Masamba ang'onoang'ono amakula kwambiri, amakhala amdima, amdima, ndi osalala. Zipatso zokhwima zimatha kufika pamtunda wa 180-250 g, mofananamo, mawonekedwe olondola.
Ndi peyala yakucha, Fairytale imakhala mtundu wobiriwira. Zipatso ndi sing'anga wandiweyani zamkati ndi zoyera, zachifundo komanso zowutsa mudyo. Kukoma kwa mapeyala kumakhala ndi zokoma zokometsera zokoma.
Zokolola zimapsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Moyo wamapiri sapitirira masiku khumi. Chifukwa chake, Fairytale zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga compote kapena madzi.
Zakale Zakale zimawonedwa kuti ndi zopweteka, koma peyala ili ndi ubwino wambiri: ndithudi, ndibwino kuti nyengo yabwino yozizira yolimba, chitetezo cha nkhanambo ndi peyala mite, komanso zipatso zazikulu kwambiri.
Peyala mitundu "Svarog"
Svarog mitengo ndi yaying'ono kukula kwake ndipo imakhala yolimba korona. Akuwombera kugwa pansi. Masamba ang'onoang'ono a mawonekedwe opota amawombera pamwamba. Mtundu wa leaf ndi wobiriwira, wofiira pang'ono komanso wofiira.
Zipatsozo ndizochepa, zazikulu zooneka ngati peyala, kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi magalamu 80. Kufikira kukhwima, zipatso zimatembenukira chikasu ndipo zimakhala zowala. Mnofu wobiriwira wa kirimu uli ndi zokoma, zokometsera, zokoma. Mukhoza kusonkhanitsa zipatso kumapeto kwa September - oyambirira a October. Pa nyengo yozizira, mapeyala akhoza kusungidwa kwa masiku 90.
Zosiyanasiyana zimapirira nyengo yozizira ndipo sagonjetsedwa ndi bowa, koma amayamba kutengeka ndi chilala.
Mbali za kukula ndi kusamalira mapeyala ku Siberia
Tikaganizira mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yomwe imatha kukula mu mkhalidwe wovuta wa nyengo ya Siberia, tikuwona kuti kulima mapeyala ku Siberia kumathabe. Pomaliza, kufotokoza mwachidule, tipereka malangizo omwe angakuthandizeni kuthetsa mikhalidwe yolima mapeyala ku nyengo ya ku Siberia.
Peyala ndi chomera chokonda kutentha, choncho ndibwino kukula mu malo otetezedwa bwino. Malo osankhidwa ayenera kukhala owala bwino, chifukwa mumthunzi wa peyala nthambi zazing'ono za korona zidzafa ndipo zokolola zidzatha.
Mitundu ya peyala ya Siberia imafuna kuwonjezera ulimi wothirira kumapeto kwa chilimwe. The zochokera nthaka ndi zofunika kwa mapeyala, kwambiri abwino - chernozem, dambo chernozem, imvi nkhalango ndi msuzi.
Musanabzala mapeyala, m'pofunikira kukonzekera nthaka. Kuyambitsa mineral ndi feteleza feteleza kumafunika. Ndi bwino kudzala mbande pa nthawi ya mapeto a mwezi wa April - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.
Gombe lodzala liyenera kukhala lalikulu 80-100cm ndi 60-80cm chakuya. Msosi wa mtengo ukuyenera kupita 4-5 masentimita pansi. Pamene mukulima mmera, muyenera kuwonjezera ma 8 kilogalamu ya feteleza.
Young zomera amafuna kudulira kuti mapangidwe ndipo kenako chitukuko cha korona. M'chaka, mapeyala amafunika kupatulira korona kuchotsa owonjezera mphukira. Pofuna kuteteza makoswe ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa, thunthu ndi zigoba zimaputidwa ndi zinthu zosapangidwira. Komanso, kuteteza tebulo ku tizilombo, tizilomboti timayigwiritsa ntchito.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuwonjezeka kwa mapiri sikufunika kokha ndi dziko lapansi, komanso ndi chisanu, kuti asunge kutentha.
Ngati mutatsatira malamulo onse osavutawa posamalira mtengo wa peyala, ndithudi zikomo chifukwa chokolola.
