Anakumana ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa omwe akhala akulima nkhaka kwa zaka zingapo akudziwa mtolo wa nkhaka.
Dzina la mitundu iyi ya mitundu inawonekera chifukwa cha zikuluzikulu za nkhaka izi.
Ndipo mbali imeneyi ndi mphamvu ya zomera kupanga node imodzi yokhala ndi ovari imodzi kapena awiri nthawi yomweyo.
Pamene akuswana mitundu ndi hybrids, obereketsa amaika khama lalikulu kuti athandizire tchire motsutsana ndi zotsatira za matenda osiyanasiyana.
Chiwerengero cha mazira m'mimba mwachindunji chimadalira zifukwa zingapo, zomwe zimakhalapo pa kukula kwa zomera, kuchuluka kwa dzuwa, malo olima (wowonjezera kutentha kapena dothi), komanso momwe zomera zimakhalira.
Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti mitundu ya gululi ikukula mofulumira pakati pa wamaluwa.
Chifukwa cha izi, n'zotheka kuphunzira kwambiri momwe zingakhalire munthu aliyense kapena wosakanizidwa.
Zosiyanasiyana "Blizzard"
Zotsatira zatsopano zotchedwa parthenocarpic hybrid. Bwererani mofulumira kwambiri, zipatso zikhoza kuchotsedwa ku tchire patatha masiku 37 - 38 mutatha mphukira zoyamba za mbande.
Zomera zimaoneka ngati zofooka, kutalika kwa kutalika, kumbali kumbali kumakula mofooka kwambiri, kumapeto kwa tchire iwo samawoneka. Mtundu wa maluwa a maluwa. Mu fomu imodzi ya ovary 4 - 5 mawonekedwe. Zipatso ndizochepa, 6 - 8 masentimita m'litali, 60 - 68 g mulemera, elliptical mu mawonekedwe.
Pamwamba pamakhala ndi zikopa zazikulu, pubescence ndi bulauni, ndipo khungu lenileni ndi lobiriwira ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu. Zosiyanasiyana sizakhudzidwa ndi panopa ndi downy mildew.
Kukoma kwa chipatso ndibwino kwambiri, ndipo sikungasokoneze pamene kumalongeza kapena kukonza. Kulima kuli kokwera, 15.5 makilogalamu pa mita imodzi iliyonse. mita mita.
M'madera a madera okhala ndi nyengo yoziziritsa, sizingatheke kufesa mbewu mwachindunji mu nthaka, chifukwa iwo amangoyima chabe. Ngati derali liri kumwera, ndiye kuti mukhoza kudumpha msinkhu wa mbande zomwe zikukula pakhomo.
Kufesa mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, ndipo ngati palibe mbande, ndiye kuti njirayi idzachitika pambuyo pa theka la mwezi wa May. Maonekedwe a nthaka ndi kutentha kwa mpweya ayenera kukulitsa mbewu kumera.
Kudzalitsa mbande kungatheke kuyambira theka la mwezi wa May kufikira theka la June. Popeza chiwerengero cha parthenocarpy n'chofanana ndi 100%, ndiye kuti simungadandaule ndi malo omwe mukulima, popeza zipatsozo zidzakhazikitsidwe.
Nkofunika kuti mbeu za prikopat zikhale zochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapanga mpata pakati pa zomera pafupifupi masentimita 40.
Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu mu chisamaliro cha tchire ndi kusamalira mitundu yonse ya nkhaka. Nkofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitsuka zomera, komanso ndi madzi otentha omwe atha kukhazikika.
Akatswiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya trellis yolima zomera. Ndondomeko yoyenera ndiyo kudula mphukira yotsatira. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza muyenera kudzaza zosowa zonse.
Zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyana
Oyambirira kucha kucha - parthenkarpik. Zipatso zamakono zimapezeka m'masiku 40 - 45 mutatha mbande. Zitsamba zowonjezera, ndi mphamvu yowonjezera, nthambi imakhalanso yofiira.
Ponena za mtundu wa maluwa, ndiwo makamaka akazi. Mu sinus ya tsamba limodzi mukhoza kupanga ma ovari asanu. Zipatso zimakhala zazikuluzikulu (10-12 masentimita), zimakhala zooneka ngati zobiriwira, zobiriwira ndi mtundu wochepa wonyezimira mikwingwirima.
Tsambali lili ndi timabercles tating'onoting'ono, kuchulukanso kwa zinthu zopanda pake ndizopakatikati, pubescence wa mtundu wofiira wofiira ndi wawung'ono. Nkhumba zazikulu za nkhaka ndi 90 - 120 g.
Kukoma kwa chipatso ndibwino kwambiri. Zokolola zazikulu, 14.5 makilogalamu pa mita imodzi. mita Zosiyanasiyanazi zimagwirizanitsa chitetezo cha claasosporia. Zosiyanazi ndi zosiyana ndi otsala nkhumba nkhaka kuti tchire tili ndi zokolola zoyambirira kupangidwa kupatula yoyamba. Pa chifuwa chimodzi cha tsamba mukhoza kupanga zipatso ziwiri ndi zisanu.
Muyenera kuyamba kukula tchire ku mbande. Kufesa kwa mbeu kungathe kuchitika pasanafike chapakatikati mwa mwezi wa April, pamene pali kuwala kokwanira kumene mbuto imakula, ndipo kutentha kumakhala kokwanira (20 - 23 ̊С).
Nkofunika kuti mbande zikhale zolimbikitsidwa ndi nthawi ya kusindikizidwa pansi, mwinamwake tchire idzafa. Kuti tipeze kukula mokwanira, mukufunikira madzi nthawi zonse ndi manyowa mbande. Kufika kumakhala kochepa. Kuwaza mbande kungakhale pamene chisanu chapita.
Kuti zomera zibereke chipatso, nkofunika kusunga madzi nthawi zonse, kumasula ndi kuzungulira nthaka, ndi kuthira madzi nthawi zonse.
Mitengo ya zosiyanasiyanazi ingakhalenso wamkulu pa chithandizo chothandizira kukolola. Tiyeneranso kuti tichotse namsongole nthawi zonse, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Sungani "Mnyamata ndi chala"
Partenokarpik. Nkhumba yoyamba yakucha - Zipatso zamakono zimabwera pakapita masiku 37 mpaka 39 zitatha. Mtundu wa maluwa a maluwa. Mitengo ndi yamphamvu, nthambi ili pamwamba pa pafupifupi. 3 - 6 mavairasi amapangidwa mu mfundo imodzi.
Zipatso zapakatikati (8-10 masentimita), zobiriwira zobiriwira, ndi zazikulu zazikulu zaminga ndi minga yambiri yoyera. Kulawa ndi khalidwe la zipatso zatsopano ndi zothandizidwa ndi zabwino kwambiri. Mitengo ya zosiyanasiyanazi imafuna kuyatsa bwino.
Sakani osakhudzidwa ndi zoona ndi zofooka, mazira a maolivi ndi ma cucumber. Kuchuluka kwa zokolola ku 1 lalikulu. m. 10 - 12 makilogalamu.
Zidzakhala zabwino kukula mumtunda uliwonse - ndi wowonjezera kutentha, ndi kutchire. Kufesa mbewu za mbande ziyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa theka la April. Kuwombera pansi kungatheke kuyambira kumapeto kwa May. Ngati akuponya mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, mukhoza kuikapo poyamba. Kusamalira mbande bwinobwino.
Kuchuluka kwa kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi mbande ziwiri - 3 pa 1 lalikulu. m, ndi poyera pansi - 3-4 chitsamba. Malo a tchire awa ayenera kukhala odziwa zambiri.
Mbali za chisamaliro ndi kuthiriridwa, zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse, kulima nthaka, kuti zisapangidwe zowonongeka, kutulutsa feteleza zosiyanasiyana, komanso kupopera mankhwala a tchire ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Madzi tchire amafunika madzi ofunda, kumasula nthaka mwamsanga mutatha kuthirira, ndi kudyetsa ndizofunikira kuphatikiza ndi kuthirira.
Sakani "Mabedi a Mfumu"
Msuzi wosakanizidwa ndi njuchi, pakati pa nyengo (masiku 45 mpaka 48). Kutentha kwakukulu, mphukira za kutalika, mapesi amamangidwa ndi digiri.
Zipatso zimakhala zozungulira, 9-11 masentimita yaitali, 80-90 g kulemera kwake, zophimbidwa ndi zikuluzikulu zamatenda ndi zofiira zoyera. Nyama kapena rindzi ndizowawa, koma zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma.
Pali mitsinje yowala pamtunda, zomwe zimapangitsa zipatsozi kukhala zokopa kwambiri. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito masamba a zosiyanasiyana monga atsopano a saladi, komanso kumalongeza ndi kusuta.
Pa chifuwa chimodzi cha tsamba timapanga ma ovari ambiri. Avereji zokolola, 5, 3 - 6.2 s. mita Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikulimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa nyengo ndipo siigwidwa ndi downy powdery mildew.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande zikhoza kuchitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa May. Kuwombera mbande kungakhale mwezi ndi theka pambuyo pake, pamene iwo apanga kale masamba awiri kapena atatu. Ngati mwasankha kuti musamere mbande, ndiye kuti kuyika mbewu kungatheke kuyambira kumapeto kwa May. Chida cholowera - 40x40 cm.
Popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yopanda ulemu kwa nyengo, palibe chofunikira pachisamaliro cha tchire. Zokwanira kuti azitsuka bwino zomera, ndipo amatha kulimbana ndi chiguduli chochepa.
Chizindikiro choyamba cha kusowa kwa chinyezi ndi chofooka cha masamba, ndiye muyenera kuthirira tchire ndi madzi okwanira okwanira. Muyeneranso kuchita zina zonse kuti muzisamalira nkhaka.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga zawekha mungu wosiyanasiyana wa nkhaka.
Sakani "Master"
Zosakaniza - parthenokarpik kornishonnogo mtundu ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa maluwa. Oyambirira (masiku 40 mpaka 45). Kutentha kumakhala kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, komanso kusowa kwa chinyezi m'mlengalenga ndi nthaka. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mphukira zakufupika zimapangidwa ndi zomera, choncho nthambi sizing'onozing'ono.
Mu node imodzi imapangidwa kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 6 mazira. Zipatso zapakatikati (10 - 12 masentimita), masekeli 80 - 110 g, elliptical, wandiweyani. Tsabolayi ili ndi ming'oma ndi minga yoyera, yobiriwira.
Thupi la nkhaka izi ndi crispy, chokoma kwambiri, ndi fungo losangalatsa. Nyama kapena rind ndi zowawa. Zitsamba zimabereka zipatso kwa nthawi yayitali, sizimakhudzidwa ndi maolivi, ma nkhaka zithunzi ndi powdery mildew. Koma zomera zimatha kuonongeka ndi downy mildew.
Kukula mbande kumatha kudumpha, koma kokha ngati nyengo ya dera ili yofatsa. Pankhaniyi, kufesa mbewu kungatheke kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa April mpaka m'ma June. Ngati adasankha kukula mbande, ndiye kuti kufesa mbewu kungatheke kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa April kufika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.
Tchire tating'ono tingathe kuikidwa pansi kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June, ndipo mbande zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mu wowonjezera kutentha ngakhale kale. Kukula kachulukidwe ndi wamba.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yodzichepetsa muchisamaliro, kotero kukula kwa tchire sikungakhale nthawi yambiri. Muyenera kumwa madzi nthawi zonse, kuthira manyowa, kutsitsa, komanso mukhoza kumangiriza ku trellis kapena ku waya wotambasula pakati pamtengo.
Zosiyanasiyana "Zojambula Zojambula"
Partenocarpic wosakanizidwa wakucha kucha. Zitsamba sredneroslye, nthambi yofooka, mtundu wa maluwa ambiri aakazi. Mu chipatso cha 4 - 5 zipatso zimapangidwa.
Zipatso ndi zazifupi, zokha 5-6 masentimita yaitali, zolemera 50-55 g, za mawonekedwe obiriwira, zobiriwira. Tsambali liri ndi mabala wakuda ndi mapopu, komanso mikwingwirima yowunikira.
Kukoma kwa chipatso ndi chabwino. Zokolola ndi 6.5 makilogalamu gawo limodzi. Tchire ndizodzichepetsa, ndipo sizimakhudzidwa ndi nkhaka zamakono ndi powdery mildew.
Zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi ndizofunikira kumalongeza, koma zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsopano.
Mungayambe ndi mbande, ndipo mukhoza kudumpha malo awa. Ndikofunika kusamalira mbande m'njira iliyonse kuti tchire cholimba chidzakula kuchokera kwa iwo. Kufesa mbewu ndi mbande, ndipo kale mu nthaka zikuchitika nthawi yeniyeni.
Kujambula mbande ndikugwiritsanso ntchito. Kupanga mlingo wamba - 3 - 4 mbande pa 1 lalikulu. m
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yodzichepetsa, choncho imatha kulimbana bwinobwino ndi kusintha kwa madzi kapena kuthirira. Kutsegula ndi kukulumikiza kuyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira, pamene madzi atha kale.
Tchire za zosiyanasiyanazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito njira yopangira trellis.
Sort "Okhotny Ryad"
Yoyamba wosakanizidwa, tchire amayamba kufalitsa kwa 37 - 40 tsiku litatha mphukira. Gherkin parthenkarpik. Chokolola choyamba chidzakhala chochuluka kwambiri, chifukwa ndi gawo loyamba la parthenocarpy lomwe liri lapamwamba kwambiri.
M'mphepete, mtundu wa maluwa ndi wazimayi, mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha mphukira zowonjezera zimadalira pa katundu pa iwo: zipatso zambiri pa mphukira zoterezo, sizidzakula. Zipatso zapakatikati (8 - 11 masentimita), zimakhala zozungulira, ndi zochepa za ma tubercles, pamapeto pake omwe ali oyera.
Nkhaka kusunga zabwino kukoma onse mwatsopano ndi zamzitini / marinated. Mu njira imodzi yokha maonekedwe angapange (kuchokera 2 mpaka 6). Chipinda ndi zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri a nkhaka, kupatula ku downy mildew.
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya mmera yomwe imayambira kumera, ndipo pambuyo pake - fruiting. Kufesa mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa mu nthaka yotentha nthawi kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka pakati pa April. Mukhoza kuyendetsa masamba kuti tchire tizimva bwino.
Mitengo ikakhala ndi tsamba lachitatu kapena lachinayi, ndiye kuti mukhoza kugwetsa pansi. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti nthawi imeneyi sipadzakhala usiku wa chisanu.
Kusamalira tchirezi n'chimodzimodzinso ndi kusamalira nkhaka zambiri. Muyenera kuthirira ndi kudyetsa tchire, ndiye kuti adzapereka zokolola zambiri. Ngati zomera zimakhala ndi zamasamba zambiri, ndipo zipatso sizinapangidwe, ndiye kuti mapeto a mphukira zikuluzikulu ayenera kuikidwa.
Sungani mabedi anu a nkhaka, "onetsetsani" iwo ndi mtolo wa nkhaka kuti mutenge zokolola zambiri poyerekeza ndi nyengo yapitayi.
