Ng'ombeyo ndi imodzi mwa nyama zoyamba kuzidya. Ndipo m'nthawi yathu ino, chinyama ichi ndi gwero la kupanga, mkaka ndi nyama.
Ng'ombe izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama. Ng'ombe sizimangosungidwa pamapulasi akuluakulu, komanso kunyumba. Monga ndi ziweto zonse, muyenera kusamalira ng'ombe, kuwapatsa malo abwino odyetsera, malo ogona, ndi zina zotero. M'munsimu mudzaphunzira zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi ng'ombe monga a Dutch.
Ndi zizindikiro ziti zakunja zomwe inu mungakhoze kuzizindikira mtundu wa Dutch?
Ng'ombe zimapatsa anthu mkaka, umene umakhala ndi calcium zofunika kwa anthu. Ng'ombe za Dutch zomwe zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri. Choncho, ng'ombe za mtundu uwu ndi za mkaka.
Ng'ombe za Dutch ndizo mwa mitundu yakale kwambiri.
Dzina la mtunduwo likhoza kumveka kuti ng'ombe izi zinafalikira ku Holland. Kuyambira nthawi zakale, ng ombe imadziwika ndi zokolola zambiri. Masiku ano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madera achi Dutch imafalikira, otchuka kwambiri ndi Friesian.
Ku Russia, ng'ombe izi zinabweretsedwa pansi pa ulamuliro wa Peter Wamkulu, ndipo zitatha izi ziweto zinayamba. Asanayambe kusinthika, mbadwa za Dutch zinalengedwa ndi 22 peresenti ya eni eni. Ku Russia, ng'ombe zamtundu umenewu zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito poweta ng'ombe zina, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi mtundu wa Kholmogory.
Kufalikira kwakukulu kwa mtundu wa Dutch ku Ukraine kunayamba m'ma 1930.
Mkaka wapamwamba wokolola unapangidwa chifukwa cha kuswana ntchito komwe kwachitika kwa zaka zambiri, obereketsa pa ntchitoyi sanamvetsetse nyama za mtunduwo.
M'zaka zapitazi chinali chitukuko chachikulu cha mtundu wa Dutch.
Zomwe akunena za mtundu wa Dutch:
- Kutalika kwa nyama imodzi pazomera kumafikira masentimita 130. Ng'ombe yamphongo imachokera ku 540 mpaka 640 kilogalamu, mulu wa ng'ombe umakhala wolemera 810 mpaka 1000 kilograms. Kulemera kwake kwa mwana wang'onopang'ono kamodzi kumafikira makilogalamu 40. Kupha kulemera ndi 60 peresenti.
- Thupi la ng'ombe liri bwino, lili ndi mafupa olimba ndi minofu yabwino.
- Mutu uli wouma ndipo pang'ono umapangidwira.
- Chifuwacho ndi chokwanira komanso chakuya. Kumbuyo kumbuyo kuli kosalala. Mapeto a mtunduwo ndi otsika.
- Kumbuyo kwa thupi kumakhala kosalala komanso kofiira.
- Khungu la Dutch ng'ombe ndi zotanuka ndi zoonda, tsitsi ndi lofewa.
- Ng'ombe ya udder imakula kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mbale.
- Mtundu wa mtundu wa Dutch uli wakuda ndi woyera.
Makhalidwe abwino omwe amaimira a Dutch:
Mkaka wapamwamba, umene uli makilogalamu 4400, mkaka wa mkaka ndiwo magawo anayi. Palinso ng'ombe zomwe zimayika zolemba, zomwe zimakhala ndi mkaka woposa 11,000 kilogalamu, ndipo zili ndi mafuta 4.16 peresenti.- Ng'ombe za mtundu uwu ndi oyambirira, itatha ng'ombe itabereka mailosi 160 pambuyo pa theka la chaka.
- Mtundu uwu ndi kholo kuti tipeze mitundu yambiri yodziwika ya ng'ombe.
- Mtunduwu uli ndi makhalidwe abwino a nyama.
- Chifukwa cha zizindikiro zabwino za mkaka ndi nyama, mtunduwu umabzalidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
- Ng'ombe za Dutch zimalekerera nyengo zosiyanasiyana.
- Chibadwidwe chopanda matenda osiyanasiyana.
Makhalidwe oipa analipo panthawi yomwe asanabadwe nawo, nthawi yathu sinazindikire.
Mbali yaikulu ya mtundu wa Dutch ndikuti ndi maziko a makampani a mkaka. Kubereka kumapatsa mkaka wabwino ndi mafuta abwino. Chinthu chosiyana pa mtunduwu ndi kusasitsa kwake mwamsanga. Choyamba, kudula nkhuku kumapanga zaka khumi ndi theka.
Kodi zokolola za a Dutch zimakhala zotani?
Chifukwa chosankha bwino zomera ndi zokolola zapamwamba, kupanga mkaka kungafotokozedwe.
Ng'ombe za Dutch ndi za gulu la mkaka. Monga tafotokozera kale, zokolola za ng'ombe imodzi ndi pafupifupi 4400 kilograms. Palinso ng'ombe, zomwe zimapereka ma rekodi omwe amapereka makilogalamu oposa 11,000 a mkaka. Mafuta a mkaka ndi oposa theka.
Nthenda yamtundu ndi yabwino kwambiri. Kupha kukolola kumafika makumi asanu ndi limodzi peresenti.
M'nthaŵi yathu ino, iyenso inachitidwa kuswana ntchito. Ntchito imeneyi ndi cholinga chowonjezera mafuta a mkaka, ndi kuonjezera mapuloteni. Pofuna kupeza kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro izi, asayansi apanga chakudya chapadera cha ziweto, malingana ndi kulemera kwawo ndi msinkhu wawo.
Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yake yapamwamba kwambiri, ng'ombe za ku Netherlands zakhala zikuyenda bwino padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi mtundu umenewu ku Germany anabedwa Mitundu ya Ostfrizian. Ku America ndi ku Canada kumabereka mtundu Holstein-Frisians. M'mayiko a ku Ulaya, pamaziko a mtundu uwu wobedwa wakuda ndi variegated swedish ndi Chidanishi. Mwachibadwa, mtundu uliwonse watsopanowu uli ndi makhalidwe ake enieni.
Kuchokera ku mbiri ya mtundu uwu, zikuwonekeratu kuti mtunduwu wadutsa msewu wautali kwambiri wa mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe, kuti ukhale wotere, ngakhale kuti ntchito yopititsa patsogolo mtunduwu ikuchitika, tinganene motsimikiza kuti ng'ombe iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino ya mkaka padziko lapansi.
