Hibiscus - woimira bwino banja la Malvaceae, wokongola, wokongola, wamaluwa osakanikirana ndi ofewa, amaloza pamapeto, masamba a emerald. Kufalikira ku malo otentha. Chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kosasangalatsa ndi kudzichepetsa, amakula kwambiri monga maluwa a nyumba, hibiscus amadyedwanso, amavala ngati chokongoletsera komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto.
Mukudziwa? Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa hibiscus kunayambira nthawi ya Greece yakale. Ku Ulaya, kunabwera zaka za XVII kuchokera ku Asia.
Mitundu yotchuka ya hibiscus
Pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana atatu padziko lapansi. Mitundu itatu yotchuka kwambiri ya hibiscus ndizo Chitchaina, Siriya, zimafalitsidwa.
Chinese
Chinese Hibiscus (Chinese Rosean, China Rose, Indoor Rose) - zodzikongoletsera, shrub zobiriwira zowonjezereka zomwe zikukula pazilumba za Pacific ndi kumwera kwakumwera kwa Asia. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 500 ya hibiscus.
Amatha kufika mamita atatu kupita kumtunda, ali ndi masamba amdima a emerald okhala ndi mapepala ndi zazikulu (mpaka masentimita 16 mumtanda). Mtundu wawo umasiyana ndi kapezi ndi pinki, kuchokera ku malalanje oyaka mpaka chikasu.
Pambuyo potsegula maluwa, duwa limakhala pafupifupi tsiku limodzi, ngakhale kuti nyengo yonse ya maluwa imakhala kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa March mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Ichi ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri komanso wofala kwambiri wa nyumba. Zimakhulupirira kuti zimakhudza kwambiri mlengalenga mu chipinda, chiyeretseni. Maluwa a hibiscus iyi ndi ofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro.
Syria
Hibiscus ya ku Syria (rozi ya ku Syria, Birch) - malo obadwira ali Asia Minor (India, China). Mmodzi mwa mitundu yochepa ya hibiscus yomwe imatha kukula m'madera otentha.
Amakhala ndi zaka zambiri, pamene akukula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amamasula kwa nthawi yoyamba patapita zaka 3 kapena 4. Maluwawo ali ofanana ndi kumera, masamba ndi obiriwira, owala kwambiri. Pali mitundu yambiri ya maluwa a ku Syria.
Mukudziwa? Hibiscus ya ku Syria ndi maluwa a dziko la Malaysia, chizindikiro cha Haiti. Mabala ake a ruby ndi pinki ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya zovala zachikwati m'madera ena a ku India.
Kuthamangitsidwa
Hibiscus anamasulidwa (Shizopetalus, Princess Princess) - Chimake chobiriwira chotchedwa shrub chomwe chikufika mamita okwera mamita chikufalikira, malinga ndi magulu osiyanasiyana, ochokera ku Central Africa kapena ku Brazil. Amamasula kuyambira kumapeto kwa November.
Maluwa okhala ndi pestle omwe amatuluka kwambiri ndi ofiira, alanje, kapena ofiira. Aphatikiza pamakhala zokhota ndi mphonje. Kawirikawiri amafikira m'lifupi kuposa masentimita 8. Masamba akuwala, wobiriwira. Mkhalidwe wathu wa nyengo ukhoza kukulira kokha mu greenhouses kapena kunyumba atmosphere.
Kukula hibiscus m'nyumba
Hibiscus sizongopeka komanso zimapirira zolakwika. Koma, ngati mukufuna hibiscus maluwa kuphuka, Muyenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa chabe oti mumusamalire kunyumba.
Kuthirira ndi kuyatsa
Iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi, otentha, madzi ofunda. Pewani kuyanika nthaka, komanso chinyezi chake chokwanira.
M'chaka ndi chilimwe, kuthirira kumakhala kochulukira ndipo kawirikawiri (dothi lopanda pamwamba litangoyamba), komanso m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kuyembekezera masiku angapo nthaka itatha.
Hibiscus ndi chomera chokonda, koma kuwala sikuyenera kutentha. Choncho, ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi ya chilimwe kuyatsa kufalikira, mosalunjika, komanso m'nyengo yozizira - kumatengera kuunikira kwina. Ndi bwino kuika mphika wa maluwa a ku China kuchokera kummawa ndi kumadzulo.
Mavuto otentha
Kutentha koyenera kwa hibiscus ndi 20 ° С - + 25 ° С, kumayambiriro kwa autumn ziyenera kutsetsereka ku 16 ° С - + 18 ° С, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - mpaka 14 ° С - + 16 ° С. Kucheperapo kutentha m'nyengo yozizira osati chikhalidwe chokhwima cha moyo wa chomera, koma maluwa amakhala omangidwa pokhapokha kutentha.
Ndikofunikira! Kutentha kosayenera kwa hibiscus ndi 10 ° C. Pa 10 ° C ndi kumunsi, masamba amayamba kugwa pammera.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Maluwa a hibiscus sali okhwimitsa kuwonetsera ngati chinyezi komanso pankhaniyi, ndi zophweka kuti asamalire - Nthawi zambiri amatha kupopera mbewu ndi madzi ofunda. Idzatetezeranso kuti nkhuku zichitike. Musati muzitha kupopera nthawi ya mvula yamkuntho, chifukwa, pamene madzi akuyenda pamaluwa a maluwa, awo amawongolera.
Dothi lodzala ndi kukula
Hibiscus sichinthu chachikulire chosiyana ndi nthaka. Koma Ndibwino kuti nthaka ikhale yofanana ndi mchenga, humus, peat ndi dziko lapansi, Mukhoza kuwonjezera timagulu ta makala amakala. Musagwiritse ntchito zowuma kapena zovunda.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalala ndi yowonongeka kuti mpweya ufike pamzu. Tamasulireni malo nthawi ndi nthawi. Popeza ku China kuwuka sikulekerera chinyezi chochuluka cha nthaka, kusamalira icho chiyenera kuwonetsa ngalande molephera.
Zovala zapamwamba ndi feteleza
Pofuna kulimbikitsa maluwa, nthawiyi hibiscus iyenera kumera ndi mchere wamchere ndi nayitrogeni mwezi uliwonse. Zitsulo zamkuwa ndi zamkuwa zidzathandizanso. Mutha kusintha ndi feteleza.
Kuvala ma tsamba a magnesiamu nthawi ndi nthawi amaloledwa. Chomera chimayankha bwino kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi ofooka aqueous njira za muzu nyambo. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kuchokera ku phosphorous ndi potaziyamu mu theka la mlingo. Ndipo pa nthawi yopumula musapereke zovala zapamwamba. Musanayambe feteleza, musaiwale kutsegula hibiscus.
Hibiscus kudulira
Pali malamulo angapo osavuta okhudza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chiwongoladzanja cha Chinese china. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa ali ndi zaka ziwiri.Kenaka chitani njirayi chaka ndi chaka, monga maluwa amapanga katsopano, mphukira zazing'ono.
Nthaŵi yabwino ya ichi ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe ndi kugwa. Yembekezani masiku atatu mutsirira, kuchoka pa pepala 5 mm, kudulidwa kukhale 45 °. Musadule 2/3 ofesi ya nthambi.
Hibiscus kumuika
Ikani hibiscus achinyamata chaka chilichonse, okhwima kamodzi zaka zingapo. Nthawi yabwino ndikumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Musanayambe kuthirira mbewu.
Ndikofunikira!Pambuyo kokasakaniza, kuthirira madziwo kwa masiku angapo. Izi zidzathandiza mizu kuti ikhale bwino.
Kufalikira kwa hibiscus mkati
Pali njira ziwiri zoberekera: kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu, pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings.
Ngati njira yoyamba ili yabwino kwa inu, ndiye yambani pakati pa dzinja - kuyamba kwa masika. Lembani tirigu mu "Epinay" kapena ofanana ndi maola 12.
Tengani nthaka ku peat ndi mchenga. Ikani pansi pa galasi. Sungani kutentha kuzungulira + 27 ° C. Pamaso pa mawonekedwe 2-3 masamba, nthawizina kuwaza mbande, ventilate; Mutengereni potsamba kawirikawiri.
Njira yachiwiri ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa pambuyo kukongoletsa. Phesi iyenera kukhala ndi 3-4 mawanga, ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10 m'litali.
Masamba aakulu kwambiri amadula pakati. Lembani mdulidwe ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Ikani phesi mu nthaka ya chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga kapena madzi, kuphimba ndi galasi kapena filimu.
Onetsetsani kuti kutentha sikukhala pansi + 25 ° C. Pambuyo pa mizuyi - yikani mu mphika ndi nthaka (humus, mchenga, nthaka ya sod ndi tsamba lapansi padziko lapansi pa chiwerengero cha 2: 1: 1: 1).
Momwe mungapangire hibiscus pachimake
Kwa chi China chinayamba kuphulika, ndikwanira kutsatira ndondomeko izi. Perekani chomera chokwanira chodziwika bwino, penyani kutentha kwa nyengo zosiyanasiyana, kusintha nthaka ndikuimeretsa, musaiwale kudula hibiscus, monga mphukira zimapangidwa pa mphukira zazing'ono.
Tsatirani malamulo osavuta osamalidwa ndipo chomera chabwino ichi chidzakondweretsa inu ndi pachimake kwa nthawi yaitali.
M'nkhaniyi, munauzidwa za chomera chodabwitsa ndi chokongola, za mitundu yake yotchuka komanso momwe mungamerekere hibiscus kunyumba. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi inali yosangalatsa komanso yothandiza, ndipo mphika wanu udzakula, ukuphuka ndikusangalatsani kwa zaka zambiri.
