Gloxinia - kukula komanso kusamalira kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi ndi mitundu

Gloxinia (Gloxinia) ndi chomera chamkati chochokera kubanja la Gesneriaceae. Ili ndi dzina lake polemekeza bizinesi waku Germany waku Benjamin Gloksin. Dziko la Gloxinia lili ndi phesi looneka ngati masamba.

Maluwa ndi osakwatiwa, okhala ndi belu. Mtundu wawo, kutengera mitundu, umatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pamtundu woyera mpaka utoto wakuya. Pakadali pano, mitundu yambiri yamaluwa awiriwa idatulutsa. Homeland gloxinia South America. Mmenemo imamera m'malo otetezeka, okhala ndi chinyezi komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje.

Onaninso momwe mungakulitsire zopanga tokha ndi hirita.

	Kukula kwakukulu. Limamasula mchaka chimodzi.
	Kunyumba, ficus sikhala pachimake.
	Zomera ndizosavuta kukula. Woyenera woyamba.
	Chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 5. Kenako ma tubers amataya mphamvu yawo yakukula.

Ntchito zothandiza za gloxinia

Gloxinia ili ndi mphamvu zosalowerera ndale. Mabelu ake otseguka amapereka mphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yatsopano yodziwana ndi kulumikizana. Chomerachi chimakhala choyenerera anthu okha, osabisalira. Kwa iwo, gloxinia imathandizira kukhala omasuka kwambiri.

Gloxinia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Gloxinia kunyumba imafunika chisamaliro:

Njira yotentha	M'chilimwe cha 23-25 °, nthawi yopuma isanakwane + 15 °.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	Wokulimbitsa, safuna kupopera mankhwala tsiku lililonse.
Kuwala	Chowala, koma chosasinthika, chopanda kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Kuthirira	Wokhazikika, wapakati mphamvu.
Proger yoyamba	Tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tinyezi tambiri tokhala ngati magawo angapo a humus, nthaka ya sod ndi mchenga.
Feteleza ndi feteleza	Munthawi ya kukula kwambiri 1 nthawi 2 milungu.
Kupatsira Gloxinia	Pachaka, chakumapeto.
Kuswana	Kufesa mbewu ndi masamba odulidwa.
Kukula Zinthu	Ili ndi nthawi yopumula.

Gloxinia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kusamalira gloxinia kunyumba sikovuta kwambiri chifukwa kumamveka koyamba.

Phulusa la Gloxinia

Kutulutsa ma gloxinia kumanyumba kuyambira Meyi mpaka Sepemba. Pakadali pano, chomera chimatha kuponya 20 masamba. Kukula kwamaluwa kumadalira mphamvu ya tuber.

Zomera zophuka bwino, zimatha kupanga maluwa enieni. Ndikusowa kwa kadyedwe, kuchuluka ndi maluwa ake amachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Njira yotentha

Munthawi yochokera pa Marichi mpaka Seputembala, mbewuyi imasungidwa pa kutentha kwa 23-25 °. Mu nyengo yotentha, kuchuluka kwa maluwa a gloxinia kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Kuyambira mu Okutobala, kutentha kumayamba kuchepa.

Pambuyo pa kufa kwa mlengalenga zam'madzi za tubers zimasungidwa pa + 10-15 °.

Zaukhondo

Masamba velvety gloxinia amakonda kudziunjikira fumbi. Kuti muwayeretse muzigwiritsa ntchito burashi ndi mulu wofewa kapena nsalu. Osasamba masamba a pubescent.

Kuwaza

Masamba a Gloxinia velvet samalimbikitsidwa kupopera. Malo oyera amatha kutsalira pamadzi. Kuti achulukitse chinyezi, mphikawo umayikidwa pa pallet yokhala ndi miyala yonyowa kapena dongo lotukulidwa.

Kuwala

Gloxinia kunyumba imakhala yowala koma yowala. Chifukwa cha kuyika kwake, mawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo akuyang'ana bwino. Kumbali yakumwera, mmera uyenera kukhala wamthunzi.

Dzuwa mwachindunji, masamba amatentha kwambiri. Ndikusowa kwa kuwunikira, gloxinia imakhala yotalikirapo, pomwe kukula kwamaluwa kumakhala kofooka.

Kuthirira Gloxinia

Chomera cha gloxinia kunyumba chimafuna kuthirira pang'ono. Imathiriridwa pambuyo pomauma dothi lapamwamba. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti madzi samalowa pamaluwa ndi masamba. Pakakhala chinyezi kwambiri, zimawola msanga.

Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuuma kumayambitsa mpweya kulowa mumchere. Amawoneka oyera ngati dothi loyera pamwamba panthaka.

Poto wa Gloxinia

Pakakulitsa gloxinia, mapoto onse apulasitiki ndi a ceramic ndi oyenera. Chachikulu ndichakuti pali mabowo amadzala pansi pawo. Kukula kwa chidebe kuyenera kukhala kutalika kwa 5-6 masentimita kuposa tuber. Muphika wambiri, gloxinia sikhala pachimake mpaka itatha kudziwa nthaka yonse.

Dothi

Kuti mukule kukula kwa gloxinia, gawo lokhazikika, lopatsa thanzi limafunikira. Itha kupangidwa ndi magawo ofanana ndi peat, humus ndi mchenga wopanda mitsinje. Pokhapokha patakhala mwayi wodzikonzekeretsa, gawo lokonzekera lopanga mafakitale limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe limapangidwa kuti likule senpolia.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuti mupeze maluwa ochulukirapo a glxinia ayenera kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi ndi feteleza wopangira maluwa mkati. Amalipira kuyambira Marichi mpaka Ogasiti kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Nthawi yamaluwa, pafupipafupi mavalidwe amatha kuwonjezeredwa mpaka kamodzi pa masiku 10.

Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zomwe zapendekekedwa feteleza aliyense. Mabatire owonjezera ndi owopsa kuposa kuperewera kwawo.

Kupatsira Gloxinia

Kuyika kwa Gloxinia kumachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja. Ma tubers, atatha nthawi yopuma, amachotsedwa mosamala m'nthaka yakale ndikutsukidwa ndi mizu yotsalira. Pambuyo pake, zimabzalidwe m'nthaka yatsopano. Nthawi yomweyo, tubers m'manda ndi theka. Pakumera kuphulika, dothi limakonkhedwa.

Nthawi yopumula

Gloxinia imadziwika ndi nthawi yopumula yotchulidwa. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala, kuchuluka kwa kuthilira kumachepetsedwa. Pambuyo pakufa kwathunthu kwa mlengalenga, miphika yokhala ndi tubers imasamutsidwa kumalo abwino, amdima. Amasiyidwa kumeneko mpaka mwezi wa february. Panthawi yopumira, dothi mumaphika limathiriridwa madzi katatu. Ngati izi sizinachitike, tubers titha kufota ndikufinya.

Kukula kwa gloxinia kuchokera ku mbewu

Gloxinia imafalitsidwa mosavuta ndi mbewu. Kubzala kwawo kumachitika kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Marichi. Kuti muchite izi, konzani pulasitiki yamtundu woyenera ndi gawo laling'ono, lotulutsa chinyezi. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka ya mafakitale kuti mugwiritse ntchito konsekonse. Mbeu za Gloxinia ndizochepa kwambiri, zimabzyala panthaka yomwe kale inali yofinyiririka popanda kubzala pambuyo pake. Pambuyo pake, chotengera chimakutidwa ndi chidutswa chagalasi kapena filimu.

Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha masiku 7-10. Ziyenera kupatsidwedwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuthiriridwa. Pambuyo masiku 10, galasi limachotsedwa. Pambuyo popezeka kabuku kameneka, amadzinyamula mosamala kwambiri m'chidebe chachikulu. Mwambiri, kuyambira nthawi yofesa maluwa, pafupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Kufalitsa masamba a Gloxinia

Gloxinia imathanso kufalikira. Kuti muchite izi, kudula kwamasamba kumatuta pansi pa chomera chathanzi, chopangidwa bwino. Masamba amadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, usanachitike.

Gawo lomwe limayimitsidwa limayesedwa kwa mphindi 30.

Zitatha izi, pepalalo limakonzedwa mumadzi ndi madzi. Mbali yake yamunsi iyenera kukhudza pang'ono pang'onong'ono. Madzi akuyenera kuwonjezeredwa pomwe amatuluka. Mwanayo akangoyamba kukula pamunsi pa tsinde, tsamba limabzalidwa mosadukiza.

Mizu yodulidwa masamba ikhoza kukhala mwachindunji m'nthaka. Kusakaniza kwa peat ndi vermiculite kukonzekera kubzala kwawo. Zodulidwa sizimaposa cm 1. Kupanga wowonjezera kutentha, masamba amakutidwa ndi mtsuko kapena thumba la pulasitiki. Ngati zonse zidachitidwa moyenera, pakadutsa miyezi 1-1.5 pamera dothi.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mukakula gloxinia, mumatha kukumana ndi mavuto. Ambiri aiwo amadza pamene osatsatira malamulo a chisamaliro. Zofala kwambiri ndizofotokozedwa pansipa.

Pa masamba a glxinia amagwa. Vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha kapena kuwuma kwambiri kwa mpweya. Gloxinia sayenera kusiyidwa pafupi ndi windo lotseguka kapena radiator. Kuti chithandizire kuchira, amagwiritsa ntchito zokuzitsa: Epin kapena Zircon.

Masamba a Gloxinia amasandulika. Popanda kuyatsa kapena mphamvu, masamba amasamba amatha. Zomera ziyenera kuikidwanso pazenera zopepuka ndikupanga feteleza woyenera.
Zimayambira ndi masamba zowola. Chomwe chiri pachiwonetsero chowonjezeka cha chinyezi. Mwina mbewuyo ndi kusefukira kapena kuthirira kumachitika mwachindunji masamba. Pukuta gawo lapansi posachedwa. Pankhaniyi, masamba onse owola ndi masamba ayenera kudulidwa.
Amabala pa maluwa a gloxinia. Ndi chinyezi kapena kukula kwa matenda a fungus, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamaluwa. Kuti tisunge chomera, maluwa omwe akukhudzidwawo amakudzulidwa modekha. Pambuyo pa izi, gloxinia imalawa ndi yankho la fungicide.
Gloxinia imasiya kupindika. Kuwala kwambiri ndi nayitrogeni kungachititse kuti pepalalo lithe. Gloxinia iyenera kukonzedwanso m'malo omwe kuyatsa magetsi. Ngati chifukwa ndichuluko la nayitrogeni, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumayimitsidwa kwakanthawi.
Madontho a bulauni pamasamba. Zowonongeka zamtunduwu zimachitika madzi ozizira akalowa kapena chifukwa cha kuwotcha kwa dzuwa. Ndikofunikira kusintha zikhalidwe za chisamaliro ndi kukonza. Pang'onopang'ono, mbewuyo imachira.
Masamba a Gloxinia amasanduka achikasu. Ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kokwanira, masamba masamba amasanduka achikaso. Zomera ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kapena kukonzedwanso m'malo osayatsidwa. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti masamba amatha kutembenukira chikaso chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yopumira.
Zomera zimatambalala, masamba ndi ochepa. Ndikusowa kwa kuwala, mawonekedwe a gloxinia amatambalala, ndipo masamba amayamba kufota. Kuti athetse vutoli, mphika wokhala ndi chomeracho uyenera kukonzedwanso m'malo abwino.

Mwa tizirombo pa gloxinia, ambiri ndi awa: akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zovala zoyera. Kuti muwawononge gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.