Mwinamwake, zidzakhala zovuta kupeza maluwa pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinyumba zomwe zidzaposa orchid mu kukopa kwake. Chipinda cha orchid chiri ndi phesi lalitali ndi lochepa, ndipo pamwamba pake pali maluwa okondweretsa. Zokopa za orchid ndi zokongola ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu. Komabe, orchid ndi yopanda nzeru ndipo imakhala ndi mavuto angapo.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji orchid mukamagula
Titasankha kukonza orchid, timapita ku shopu la maluwa. Mitengo yamakono ya maluwa ndi yamakono, zosiyanasiyana za katunduyo zimatha kusintha mutu.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti pakuoneka maluwa okongola angawonongeke, motero nthawi zonse muyenera kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe chonsecho.
Mkhalidwe wa mizu ndi masamba
Udindo waukulu umasewera ndi khalidwe la mizu. Ndi bwino kutenga duwa ndi mizu yabwino kwambiri. Ngati mizu ili ndi thanzi, ndiye kuti mtundu wake umakhala wofiira kapena umakhala wobiriwira.
Ngati nsonga za mizu zili zobiriwira, ndiye kuti orchid ili mu gawo la kukula kwachangu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizitha kudwala matenda alionse. Onetsetsani kuti mchitidwe wa mizu ndi wosavuta, chifukwa izi zimagwedeza mphikawo ndi maluwa - ngati sachita chidendene ndipo sumazima, ndiye kuti zonse ziri bwino ndi mizu.
Mukudziwa? Ngati mizu ya orchid ili yopanda kanthu komanso yofewa, imayamba kufa..Maluwa okongola ndi othandizira amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, okongola kwambiri. Nthawi zina pali maluwa okhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Maluwa wathanzi ali ndi zofiira pang'ono. Ngati maluwa a orchid ali ndi masamba ouma komanso ophwanyika, ndiye kuti musagule.
Ndikoyenera kukana kugula duwa ndi maluwa okongola kapena oyera. Ngati maluwawo ali ndi mthunzi wounikira bwino wa masamba, ndiye kuti umasungidwa m'malo amdima, kuwala kwambiri (kofiira kapena mthunzi wofiira) kumasonyeza kuwala kochepa. Maluwa a orchid, omwe masambawo anali opangidwa ndi accordion, anakula popanda kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, ndipo kukhalapo kwa madontho ndi mawanga kumasonyeza kukhalapo kwa tizilombo towononga.
Mkhalidwe wa dothi
Pakuti moyo wa orchids suvomerezedwa kuti ugwiritse ntchito nthaka. Ndilolemera kwambiri, salola mpweya wokwanira ndi chinyezi mizu, kotero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magawo osiyanasiyana. Nthaka ya orchid imasonkhanitsidwa ku mchenga, makungwa, perlite kapena vermiculite, dongo la granulated, malasha, moss ndi cork.
Ndikofunikira! Malo osungiramo minda yamaluwa samagwiritsidwa ntchito konse!
Zakala zolima
Ndikofunika kuti mudziwe kusiyanitsa pakati pa chomera chokhwima ndi kamera kakang'ono. Nyongolotsi yaikulu yomwe imatha kuphuka ndi kuchulukira nthawi zonse imapindula kwambiri kuposa mmera, womwe umayenera kukula kwa nthawi yaitali. Mbeu yaing'ono ili ndi masamba ochepa kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi maluwa okongola kale.
Ndikofunikira! Mbeu ikusowa chingwe.Mbewuyo imakhala nthawi ya kukula kwa masamba atsopano, ndondomeko yatsopano iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa yoyamba. Maluwa amtengo wapatali amakhala okwera mtengo, popeza maluwa omwe amatha kale akhoza kusangalala maluwa ake kangapo pachaka.
Mbewuyo idzaphuka patangopita zaka zochepa chabe. Ngati mukufuna orchid chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola, ndi bwino kusankha maluwa akuluakulu.
Makhalidwe abwino kwa ma orchids okula
Atabweretsa kunyumba maluwa, pali funso lodziwika bwino: kodi mungasamalire bwanji orchid? Orchid imaonedwa ngati duwa lovuta kwambiri. Kuti ukhale ndi moyo wabwino, orchid imafuna nthaka yabwino, kuyatsa, kuthirira bwino, chinyezi, kupezeka kwa feteleza zofunika komanso kuika nthawi yake.
Kusankha dothi ndi mphika wa orchids
Monga tanena kale, ntchito yaikulu ya nthaka ndi mphika wa orchids - imayesetsa kuti maluwawo asungidwe bwino, kutulutsa mpweya komanso kuteteza mizu ku chinyezi. Mu dothi amagwiritsidwa ntchito gawo lapansi, lomwe limaphatikizapo chisakanizo cha zinyama zachilengedwe, moss, makungwa, dongo, malasha ndi mchenga ndi vermiculite kapena perlite. 
Zosakaniza zonsezi zikuphwanyidwa bwino, kuwonjezera masamba ena owuma ndi udzu wa munda. Chifukwa cha zolembazi, gawo lapansi lidzapitirira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi zinthu zonse zothandiza.
Monga mphika, mungagwiritse ntchito zida zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito gawo la pansi mkati, mwachitsanzo - mphika wambiri wa pulasitiki, umene uli ndi mabowo ambiri okutsanulira madzi. Kuti maonekedwe asawonongeke, akhoza kuikidwa mu mphika wa waya, matope kapena basiti.
Mukudziwa? Gawo la pansi ndi chilengedwe cha chitukuko cha zamoyo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zakudya zambiri.
Kuunikira ndi kutentha
Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kwa chitukuko cha ma orchids pamtunda wa nyumba kuchokera ku +18 kufika madigiri digiri Celsius masana ndi kuyambira 13:13 mpaka +24 usiku. Ngati nyumba yanu ili bwino, yesani kuyeretsa orchid pamalo ozizira usiku.
Kusunthira kaŵirikaŵiri ka orchid kumalo ozizira usiku kudzathandiza maluwa kukula msanga, ndipo adzatha kumasula maluwa atsopano. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya orchid ikhoza kupirira kutentha kwapadera, koma kutentha kumatsika, kuchepetsa kuthirira kwa orchid, ndipo kutentha kutuluka, kuthirira kumawonjezeka.
Ponena za kuyatsa, ziyenera kukhala zowala, zikabalalika. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayipitsa maluwa. Ngati chomeracho chiri ndi kuwala kokwanira, ndiye kuti chidzakondweretsani inu ndi maluwa ake.
Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu zamaluwa
Musaiwale za kuthirira bwino ndi kusungunuka kwa orchid, monga kukula kwake ndi maluwa zimadalira. Kodi ndi nthawi yochuluka bwanji yomwe mumayenera kuthirira maluwa imakhudzidwa ndi kuyanika ndi kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda, kuunikira, kukula kwa mphika, ndi nyengo yotani yomwe maluwa amatha.
Zimakhulupirira kuti orchid imalekerera kuyanika bwino, ndipo kuchokera ku madzi, mmalo mwake, imamwalira. Ngati duwalo liribe chinyezi chokwanira, ndiye kuti masamba ake adzamanga ndizaza, ndipo ngati chinyezi chochuluka kwambiri, masambawo adzasanduka chikasu, amdima komanso amachepetsa, ndipo mizu idzavunda.
Zonjezerani kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akufunikira pa nthawi yogwira ntchito. Panthawi yopuma maluwa, m'nyengo yozizira, pamene kuwala sikukwanira ndipo kumakhala kozizira, muyenera kuchepetsa kuthirira.
Feteleza ndi kuvala
Kuti maluwa a orchid apunde bwino, ayenera kumadyetsedwa nthawi zonse ndi fetereza yoyenera. Koposa zonse, ngati mutagula chida chapadera cha feteleza orchids. Tsatirani malangizo a feteleza, ndipo maluwa anu adzakusangalatsani kwa nthawi yaitali ndi maluwa ake.
Kuwaza kwa orchid
Kusamba bwino ndi kuika nthawi yake ndizofunika kuti maluwa akule bwino. Koma ndi kofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kutsatidwa kwina ndizovuta kwambiri kwa mbewu. Pambuyo pake, orchid ikhoza kupweteka kwa kanthawi, imitsani kukula kwa mizu ndikuchepetsanso maluwa.
Alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kubzala maluwa a orchid kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu. Nthaŵi yabwino yoikiranso imawoneka kuti ndikumayambiriro kwa masika, panthawi ya kukula kwa maluwa. 
Konzani zipangizo zofunika musanayambe kuziyika:
- chonchi;
- mphika waukulu;
- gawo lapansi;
- yowonjezera mpweya.
Ndikofunikira! Musanayambe ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito zida ndi mowa kuti muteteze maluwa kuchokera ku majeremusi.Tsopano mungathe kupitanso.
- Kumbukirani mphika m'manja mwanu kuti gawo ndi mizu zikhale zosiyana ndi mphika. Chotsani mosamala mu mphika.
- Sambani mizu ya substrate yakale.
- Yang'anani mizu, chotsani tizilombo tingathe.
- Chotsani mizu yovunda ndi yowuma, komanso masamba ochepa.
- Muzule mizu iume kwa maola 8.
- Ikani madzi ena mumphika wotetezedwa. Ikani orchid pamwamba ndikuwaza ndi gawo lapansi. Mfundo ya kukula iyenera kukhalabe pamwamba.
- Musagwedeze gawo lapansi. Koma zindikirani kuti maluwa a maluwa amafunika kuti asapitirire mu mphika.
Orchid kubereka kunyumba
Ngati muli ndi orchid kwa nthawi yaitali, mwatsatira zinthu zonse zofunika kuti mukhale ndi orchid kunyumba, ndiye kuti mukufuna kuti mukule zambiri kuchokera ku ofesi imodzi. Pali njira zingapo zomwe mungasankhire zoweta, tiyeni tiwone.
Kugawidwa kwa rhizome
Imeneyi ndi njira yosavuta yolima duwa, yomwe mungamere mtundu uliwonse wa orchid. Ndikofunika kusankha munthu wamkulu komanso maluwa ambiri am'maluwa. Chotsani mosamala m'phika ndikuchotsani rhizome pansi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri, dulani rhizome mu chiwerengero chofunikira cha magawo (muyenera kusiya osachepera atatu anyezi oyambitsa mwachigawo chilichonse). Gwiritsani mizu ndi makala, imbani muzitsulo zosiyana ndikusamalira maluwa monga mwachizolowezi.
Mbali ikuwombera
Mitundu ina ya orchids imakhala ndi mphukira. Izi ndi njira zosiyana za chomera cha mayi chomwe chimayambira kuzungulira. Ngati mukufuna kufalitsa orchid pogwiritsa ntchito mphukira yowonongeka, ndiye perekani chifukwa cha kulima kwa mphukirazi.
Mphukira pambaliyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira yaikulu pambuyo poyipiritsa ndi kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse, ndiye imayikidwa mu mphika wosiyana ndikuyang'aniridwa ngati chomera chodziimira.
Mababu akale
Kubalana ndi mababu akale amapezeka pambuyo pogawidwa kwa rhizome. Mukagawaniza rhizome ndikufalikira miphika yosiyana, duwa limayamba kukula.
Mu mphika umenewo, pamene padzakhala mababu ambiri akale, orchid idzaphuka pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa mu babu yakale mulibe masamba osapangidwira, omwe mphukira yathanzi imakula.
Cuttings
Mungayesetse kukula ndi orchid ndi cuttings, ngati mtunda wina umasungidwa pakati pa mphukira zowonjezera. Kuti tichite zimenezi, wosabala mpeni pangodya atadula mphukira.
Makala amawononga zigawozo ndi kubzala zidutswa mu mphika wosiyana. Mankhwalawa amasamalidwa ngati mbewu yodzaza, ndipo patapita kanthawi mudzasangalala ndi maonekedwe ake ndi maluwa ena okongola. 
Njira ya Mbewu
Maluwa a orchid ndi maluwa osadziwika bwino, omwe amalola kubereka ndi kusamalira pakhomo, koma n'zosatheka kukula ndi orchid ku mbewu. Chifukwa chachikulu chikhoza kuonedwa kukhala mwayi wokhala ndi orchids okha mu laboratori.
Zonsezi ndi chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha mbeu mbeu za zomera zikukula, kupeza zakudya kudzera muzu wa siponji ndi bowa, komanso ma orchids omwe ali ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi sizingatheke.
Inu, ndithudi, mungayese kuyesera. Ngati mutapambana, mukhoza kudalira kwambiri asayansi ndi mphoto zina.
Matenda ndi momwe angachitire ndi iwo
Orchids amafunikira kusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Kusamalidwa bwino kapena kuchedwa kusamalidwa kungawononge orchid, kuchititsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Pankhani ya matenda a maluwa, chithandizo chingatenge nthawi yayitali, ndipo zikhala zabwino ngati chithandizocho chikuthandiza
Matenda a chiwindi
Matenda opatsirana mu ma orchids ndi osowa. Koma Ngati muwona kuti masamba a orchid ali odulidwa ndi mawanga, mawangawo amapanga mikwingwirima yazing'ono ndi mitsempha, ndiye, mwinamwake, izi ndi matenda a tizilombo. Ngati kachilomboka kamatsimikiziridwa, ndikofunikira kutentha maluwa mwamsanga.
Matenda a bakiteriya
Chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya, masamba a maluwa amakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi mabakiteriya. Mawanga, ngati osapatsidwa mankhwala, amakhala zilonda zamadzimadzi, masamba amakhala ofewa ndi achikasu. Chithandizo Pankhaniyi, chinthu chimodzi chokha - dulani malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, muwawononge ndi ayodini ndi madera ena oyandikana nawo.
Matenda a fungal
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda a fungal of orchids.
Anthracnose. Chizindikiro cha matenda a fungal ndi ochepa, mawanga ofiira pa masamba. Pakapita nthawi, ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, zimagwirizanitsa ndi madera a black concave ndi chikasu kapena pinki pachimake.
Chifukwa chachikulu cha matendawa chimatengedwa kuti ndi chinyezi chamadzi komanso madzi ambiri mumphika. Machiritso matendawa sitingathe dulani malo omwe akukhudzidwa mpaka minofu yathanzi. Sungani malo odulidwa ndi phulusa.
Mame a Mealy. Ngati chomeracho chikukhala choyera pachimake, khalani otsimikiza - ndi powdery mildew. Fungasiyi imayambitsa kuyanika ndi kufa kumadera okhudzidwa.
Mafangayi amayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mpweya. Kuchiza amafunika kutsuka orchid colloidal sulfure njira. Musanayambe kupopera mbewu, sungani maluwa bwino.
Grey kuvunda. Mabala a Brown omwe amachititsa maluwa onsewa ndi chizindikiro cha nkhungu zakuda. Zimayambitsa chifukwa cha kuphwanya madzi ndi kutentha. Kuchiza gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa "Immunocytofit". 
Monga mukuonera, kukula kwa orchid si ntchito yophweka. Koma maluwa okongola awa ndi ofunika kwambiri. Musanyalanyaze malangizidwe a chisamaliro, ndipo orchid yanu idzakondweretsa inu kwa nthawi yaitali.
