Neoregelia ndi mlendo wosazungulira wa banja la Bromilia. Amakonda nkhalango zowirira za ku South America. Zomera za terrestrial ndi epiphytic zimapezeka pamtundu, ndikupanga chitsamba chotsika cha masamba a rosettes. Neoregelia amatulutsa maluwa, koma amakopeka kwambiri ndi mtundu wofiyira wamasamba apical. Ngakhale mtunduwo udapezeka mkati mwa zaka za XIX zokha, mbewuyo idafalikira padziko lonse lapansi ndipo tsopano ikupezeka m'masitolo ambiri amaluwa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Neoregelia ndi chomera chotsika chokhala ndi mizu yopanda minofu yomwe imatha kulumikizana ndi mitengo ina kapena pamwamba pa dothi. Amakonda madera otakasuka, okhala pamitunda yamapiri amvula komanso m'matanthwe. Mtengowo ulibe tsinde ndipo umakhala ndi masamba angapo omwe ali pamwamba pa mzake. Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu sikapitilira 20 cm.
Neoregelia pachithunzichi amafanana ndi mutu wa kanjedza. Masamba ake ndi wokutira komanso mbali zomata. Masamba amakonzedwa mbali zosiyana ngati nyenyezi. Kutalika kwa malo okumbika kumafikira masentimita 80. Kutalika kwa masamba kumasiyana pakati pa 10-30 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 2-5 cm.
Nthawi zambiri masamba amakhala obiriwira amtundu wakuda, koma nthawi ya maluwa, rosette yampikisano imakhala yotuwa, ya pinki kapena ya lalanje. Mitundu yayifupi koma yotsika kwambiri ya inflorescence pakati pa neoregelia. Maluwa angapo a axillary amasindikizidwa mwamphamvu wina ndi mnzake ndikupaka utoto wofiirira, lilac kapena yoyera.
Zosiyanasiyana
Mitundu ya neoregelia ndiyosiyana kwambiri, yomwe imakulolani kuti musankhe ndikugula nthawi yomwe mumakonda kwambiri. Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri otulutsa maluwa ndi Carolina neoregelia. Chomera cha epiphytic ichi chimagawidwa ku Brazila kumapiri pamtunda wamtunda pafupifupi 1,2 km. Masamba amafikira masentimita 40-60 m'litali ndi 2.5-3,5 cm m'lifupi. Pa chitsamba chokulirapo nthawi zambiri pamakhala timiyala tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono, tokhala ndi masamba 20. Masamba amnyuzi amtundu wa penti amajambula utoto wonyezimira bwino. Mphepete zamtsogolo zokutidwa ndi nsanja zazifupi. Madzulo maluwa, mkati mwa masambawo mutakutidwa ndi utoto wofiira. Inflorescence wandiweyani imakhala ndi masamba ambiri oyera a lilac okhala ndi miyendo yayifupi. Maluwa amapezeka mu Meyi-Julayi. Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi timizere tautali m'mbali mwa tsamba loyera kapena lachikaso.
Mafuta a Neoregelia. Amakhala m'miyala yam'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Brazil. Masamba ooneka ngati belu amatha kutalika kwa 20-60 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 8. M'mphepete mwa masamba owoneka bwino amaphimbidwa ndi malo ochepa komanso malo ang'onoang'ono. Asanaphuke, mawonekedwe ofiirira amakhala akulu ndipo amafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Inflorescence ili pakatikati pa peduncle lalifupi. M'mwezi wa June, maluwa ofiira ndi oyera amatuluka ndi mainchesi a 2-3 cm.
Noregelia wokongola - epiphyte wophuka ndi masamba akulu obiriwira obiriwira. Kutalika kwa masamba ake kumafika masentimita 40. M'mphepete mwa tsamba lililonse limapakidwa utoto wowala wa pinki kapena wofiyira. Kawiri pachaka, mu Januware-Febere ndi mu Juni-Julayi, maluwa amaluwa amatulutsa maluwa. Kutalika kwa mphukira iliyonse kumafika masentimita 2-3.
Neoregelia wachisoni. Mtundu wamtundu wa epiphytic wamtunduwu umadziwika ndi mizere yopingasa ya masamba. Kutalika kwake sikupitirira 40 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi masentimita 2-3. Masamba owongoleredwa m'mwamba amatakutidwa ndi timiyala tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono ndipo tili ndi mikwingwirima pansi. Amayambitsa limasamba inflorescence mu August. Poyerekeza ndi mabulangeti ofiira, pamakhala ma buluu ofikira mpaka 1.5 masentimita.
Bubbly neoregelia. Mtengowo umapanga tinthu tating'ono epiphytic baka. Kutalika kwa masamba sikudutsa 20 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 1.5 cm. Mikwingwirima yofiyira yokhazikika imakhala pamwamba pa pepalalo. Mtundu wa inflorescence umapezeka mkati mwa malo ogulitsira ndipo umakhala ndi maluwa angapo amtambo. Maluwa amachitika kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti.
Tiger neoregelia - chokongoletsera kwambiri cha epiphytic osatha. Masamba a bango opaka utoto wobiriwira komanso wokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima ya burgundy. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 10-13 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 1-1.5 okha. Inflorescence wandiweyani pamtunda wamfupi umakhala ndi maluwa ambiri ofiirira. Maluwa amachitika mu Marichi.
Kubalana neoregelia
Neorelia ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi kuzika kwa njira zina zamkati. Kubzala mbewu ndivuta kwambiri. Mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimabzalidwa m'nthaka ndi kuwonjezera pamchenga. Samafunika kuti aikidwe. Pamwamba pamphikawo adakutidwa ndi filimu ndikusiyidwa pamalo otentha (+ 22 ... + 24 ° C). Wobiriwira umalowetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo nthaka imatsanulidwa nthawi zonse kuchokera pamfuti yopopera. Mphukira yoyamba imawonekera m'masiku 10-15. Mbande zimapitilirabe kubzala msipu kwa miyezi inanso itatu. Zomera zolimba zimayamba kuzolowera chilengedwe, kenako ndikuziika m'miphika yosiyana. Mbande maluwa pachaka 4-5 cha moyo.
Chothandiza kwambiri ndi kubereka kwa neoregelia ndi njira zina zapakhomo. Pamapeto maluwa, kufalikira kwamtsogolo kumayamba kumera. Mphukira zazing'ono pazaka 1.5-2 miyezi kale ndi masamba 4 ndi mizu ingapo ya mlengalenga, ikhoza kudzipatula ndikuzika mizu palokha. Nthambi imapangidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa, ndikofunikira kusunga mizu ya mlengalenga. Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito dothi lamasamba ndi kuwonjezera pamchenga ndi makungwa a pine. Panthawi yosinthira, mbande zimayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutentha kwa + 26 ... + 28 ° C. Pakatha miyezi 1-2, mbewuzo zimayamba kuzolowera zachilengedwe.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kusamalira neoregelia kunyumba kumawoneka kovuta. Chomera chimayenera kupanga malo pafupi ndi zachilengedwe. Muphika uyenera kuyikidwa mu chipinda chowala, koma pritenit kuchokera ku dzuwa. Maola angapo masana ndi ofunika; ngati kuli kotheka, neoregelium imawunikidwa ndi nyali.
M'nyengo yotentha, muyenera kusankha chipinda chotentha chomwe chili ndi kutentha kwa + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Ndikofunika kupewa kukonzekera ndi kuzizira. M'nyengo yozizira, tchire limatengedwa kumka kumalo otentha kwambiri komwe kumatentha mpaka + 16 ° C. Ndondomeko amalimbikitsa mapangidwe maluwa.
M'chaka chonse, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa chinyezi chachikulu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika neoregelia pafupi ndi malo am'madzi, akasupe kapena dziwe. Ngati kulibe, mapepala okhala ndi timiyala tonyowa kapena dongo lotukulidwa amayikidwa mozungulira chipindacho. Komabe, nthaka sikuyenera kumakhala yolumikizana ndi madzi pafupipafupi kuti zowola zisathe. Timapepala tofiyira timalimbikitsidwa kupukuta nthawi ndi nthawi ndi nsalu yonyowa kuchokera kufumbi.
Kuthirira kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe kumachitika kawiri kawiri, koma m'malo ochepa. Madzi ofunda amatsanuliridwa pachikumbutso cha tsamba. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwamadzi ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zamadzimadzi zimathiridwa munthaka. Kuyambira Meyi mpaka Seputembala, kuphatikiza michere ya mchere kumawonjezeredwa ndi madzi. Mapangidwe a bromilium kapena orchid angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zowonjezera za Neoregelia zimachitika modabwitsa. Mizu ya mbewuyo ndi yosalimba ndipo imafunikira kuisamalira mosamala. Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito miphika yaying'ono yokhala ndi mabowo akuluakulu oyikapo. Zosanjikiza ziyenera kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a buku la mphika. Gawo lapansi limatengera mtundu wa mbewu.
Kwa mitundu ya epiphytic, zosakaniza zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- makungwa a paini (magawo atatu);
- sphagnum moss (gawo limodzi);
- peat (gawo 1);
- land sheet (1 gawo);
- turf kumtunda (magawo 0,5).
Mitundu ya padziko lapansi ndiyoyenera kupanga:
- land sheet (mbali ziwiri);
- malo a turf (gawo 1);
- mchenga (magawo 0,5);
- peat (1 gawo).
Neoregelia amakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chokwanira, koma amatha kudwala. Ngati tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, ma mebubu, nsabwe za m'masamba kapena nthata za akangaude, titha kupezeka tikulimbana ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda (actellik, karbofos, fufanon).
