Nkhaka - masamba chikhalidwe cha dzungu banja. Chomeracho chimabereka zipatso zambiri ndipo n'zosavuta kukula. Mmalo mogula mbande, yesani kubzala nkhaka pa khonde ndi mbewu. Momwe mungakulire nkhaka kunyumba, ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Mitundu ya nkhaka za kukula pa khonde
Mbewu zabwino komanso zabwino za nkhaka makamaka zimadalira kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewuyi. Sikuti nkhaka zamtundu uliwonse zimayenera kukula nkhaka pa khonde. Mitundu ina imakula muzakudya kuposa ena. Mitundu yowonjezera yokhala ndi mavitamini yokha ndiyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu ya nkhaka yabwino kwambiri pa khonde ndi: "April", "Zozulya", "Courage", "Biryusa", "Gribovchanka", "Debut", "Buyan", "Marinda", "Connie", "Kukaracha", "Chokongola "Ging", "Stresa". Kuwonjezera apo, zinyama zotsatirazi zidapangidwa ndi oweta chifukwa chokula nkhaka m'nyumba: "F1 City Cucumber", "F1 Balcony", "F1 Balagan", "F1 Kalendala", "F1 Hummingbird", "F1 Machaon", "F1 Garland", " F1 Tomboy ".
Mukudziwa? Ngati pa phukusi ndi mbewu za nkhaka mumawona zolemba "F1" - onetsetsani kuti izi ndi zinyama. Kuti apange nkhaka zosakanizidwa, akatswiri amapita mitundu iwiri yosiyana. Mbewu zomwe zidzatuluke monga zotsatira ndizobadwa koyamba zinyama, zofupikitsidwa "F1". "F" (Miliyoni) Kutembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Italy kumatanthauza "ana", ndi "1" - m'badwo woyamba.
Kusankhidwa kwa chidebe pakukula nkhaka
Monga miphika yakukula nkhaka akhoza kutumikira miphika iliyonse, miphika, mabokosi. Kuposa mphamvu, ndibwino kwa nkhaka zanu. Zitsulo zazikulu zidzakhala ndi nthaka yambiri ndipo, motero, idzagwira madzi nthawi yaitali. Komabe, monga momwe zilili ndi mbeu iliyonse, kuchepa kwa chinyezi kungawononge mizu. Choncho ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino ngalande. Mpofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zimateteza kutentha, monga miphika yakuda pulasitiki kapena mabokosi. Njira ina yowonjezera nkhaka pa khonde ili pamapope kapena madengu (miphika). Potero, chidebe chachikulu, chakuya ndi chakuda ndi mabowo angapo angakhale njira yabwino yokomera nkhaka kunyumba.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati chidebecho si chatsopano, musaiwale kuti muchiyeretseni. musanagwiritse ntchito. Fkusintha zomera Nthawi zonse muyenera kutsuka miphika. Mu chidebe chogwiritsiridwa ntchito akhoza kukhala mabakiteriya obisika kapena mazira a tizilombo, omwe angathe kuwononga kwambiri mbewu.
Nthaka chifukwa chokula nkhaka
Mtengo wa kukula kwa nkhaka ukhale pamwamba. Mtengo wabwino, wolemera ndi wathanzi wa nkhaka ndi osakaniza dothi lotayirira ndi okwanira kuchuluka kwa feteleza. Musagwiritse ntchito dothi la nthaka, likhoza kuipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi tizirombo. Komanso, dziko ili ndi loipa kwa madzi. Konzani dothi lapadera lomwe limakwaniritsa zosowa za nkhaka. Kuti muchite izi, sungani mofanana ndi nthaka, masamba a humus, perlite ndi peat.
Mbewu yokonzekera musanadzalemo
Kukonzekera kwa mbeu musanadzalemo nkhaka ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri. Choyamba, njere ziyenera kuti zikhale ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. Kuti muchite izi, lizani zikondwerero zamakono kwa mphindi khumi ndi khumi ndi ziwiri (10-15) mufooka yothetsera potaziyamu permanganate ndi kutsuka ndi madzi oyera. Kenaka, ikani nyemba pamtambo wothira, wophimbidwa m'magawo angapo, kwa masiku awiri pa 23 ° C. Pambuyo pa kutupa, sungani mbeu ku firiji kwa maola 24. Kukonzekera kwa mbewu za nkhaka kumatengedwa kutha.
Kufesa Mbewu za Nkhaka
Bzalani mbewu mu nthaka yofunda. Kuti mbeu ikhale bwino, nthaka yotentha imayenera kukhala 21 ° C. Pangani pakati pa nthaka, ikani mbewu 6-8 kumeneko. Musabzale mbewu zochuluka kwambiri, mwinamwake nkhaka zidzathyola. Kubzala mbewu zopitirira 5-6 kudzawonjezera mwayi wanu wopambana. Kuchokera pamwamba, popanda kupunthwa, kuphimba ndi wosanjikiza wa dziko lapansi. Pambuyo kufesa, sungani nthaka kuti madzi afike mozama kwambiri. Palibe chosowa, komabe, kupanga zida zamadzi.
Zomwe zimakulitsa nkhaka pa khonde
Nkhaka zimakonda kutentha, choncho chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri kuti chikhale ndi mabokosi ndi dzuwa. Pambuyo pofesa mphika ayenera kuikidwa pamalo owala, dzuwa. Pofuna kukolola bwino, kuthirira ndi kuthirira feteleza nthawi zonse ndi feteleza n'kofunikanso. Nkhaka muzitsamba zimakhala ndi tizirombo zingapo zomwe sizodziwika m'munda. Ichi ndi kangaude ndi kangaude. Tizilombo tonse timene timakhala tomwe tikuyang'ana poyamba. Komabe, ngati chiwerengero cha tizilombo towononga chimawonjezeka, zotsatira za mbeu zingakhale zowawa.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ta mapiko. Pothirira madzi, mungaone m'mene zimayambira pamwamba pa nthaka. Zambiri zowonongeka zimayambitsidwa ndi mphutsi za tizilombozi, ndikukumana kumbuyo kwa masamba a nkhaka ndikuyamwitsa masamba a masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasonkhanitsa pamwamba pa masamba. Monga thrips, zimayambitsa kuyamwa pamene akuyamwitsa zakudya kuchokera masamba. Njira yosavuta yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude ndi thrips ikupopera mbewu ndi madzi (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda samakonda kwambiri chinyezi).
Kusamalira nkhaka pa khonde
Pali malamulo osavuta omwe angakuthandizeni kusunga ndi kuteteza mitengo yanu ya nkhaka. Nthaka yofunda, yolemera yomwe nthawi zonse imakhala yonyowa, ndiyo mbali yaikulu ya kusunga nkhaka zamkati. Kenaka, yang'anani mosamala mbali za kusamalira nkhaka pa khonde.
Chitetezo ku dzuwa lachindunji
Panthawi yonse yokula, sungani nkhaka padzuwa. Kuti mukhale ndi kuwala kokwanira ndi kutentha nthawi imeneyi, nkhaka zimafunikira maola asanu ndi limodzi omwe amatha kutulukira dzuwa. Komabe, m'tsogolomu, kuteteza tchire ku dzuwa lotentha ndi kupewa kutentha kwa masamba, chidebecho chiyenera kusungidwa mumthunzi wachabechabe. Izi ndi zofunikanso poona kuti nyengo yotentha kwambiri komanso nyengo ya nkhaka m'madzi imakhala mwamsanga.
Pewani
Kusinthanitsa nkhaka pa khonde kumachotsa mphukira zachinyama chochepa kuti zithetse kukula kwake. Tsamba la nkhaka limapangidwa kukhala tsinde limodzi. Kuti muchite izi, nthawi zonse muzitsuka zomwe zimatchedwa "tendrils" - zotsalira za mphukira. Chitsamba chachikulu chingayambe kukonzedwa pamene chomera chikukula. Mphukira kumbali imachotsedwa kuti mdima wobiriwira sutenge mphamvu kuchokera ku chomera. Zotsalira zonsezo zimapangika pa ovary, ndikusiya tsamba limodzi. Kuti mumvetsetse nthawi yeniyeni yosakaniza nkhaka pa khonde, pali lamulo losavuta: ndevu zimachotsedwa pambuyo pa maonekedwe a mapepala 5-6, ndipo zitatha ma tsamba 10 chomeracho chimamveka.
Kusamba madzi
Madzi ndi ofunikira kukula kwa nkhaka. Samalirani kwambiri momwe mungamwetse nkhaka zanu. Mitengo yambiri yomwe imakhala mu nyengo yotentha imagwiritsa madzi okwanira 1 litre tsiku lililonse. Nkhaka masamba amawononga malo ambiri, ndipo amafunikira madzi ambiri. Perekani zomera zokhwima ndi madzi ambiri. Onetsetsani kuti madzi akufika pamzu pa mbeu. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, osati yonyowa. Komabe, musalole kuti dothi liume, monga nthaka youma idzalepheretsa kukula ndikutsogolera kukolola kowawa. Komanso, nthaka youma ikhoza kuyambitsa mizu yovunda. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti chinyezi cha nthaka chisanayambe kuthirira. Ngati nkhope ikuwoneka yowuma, ndiye nthawi yoti mubwezeretsenso.
Top dressing wa nkhaka baka
Nkhaka pa khonde amafuna kudya nthawi zonse komanso yoyenera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azilima bwino. Onetsetsani kuti musamalire feteleza, koma yesetsani kusamalidwa ndi nkhaka. Onjezerani feteleza moyenera kamodzi pa sabata, makamaka pa nyengo yokula. Onetsetsani kuti mutsegulira nthaka musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza yowonjezerapo, monga kuwonjezera feteleza kuti dothi liume lingawononge mavuto. Choncho, yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zokhazikika m'madzi. Manyowa omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu amathandizanso pa nkhaka. Mavitrogeni amalimbikitsa kukula kwa tsamba, phosphorous imapangitsa kuti mizu ikhale yabwino, ndipo potaziyamu imakhudza mphamvu yonse ya zitsamba. Onetsetsani kutsatira mlingo wofotokozedwa ndi wopanga feteleza.
Ndikofunikira! Yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mankhwala ambiri akhoza kuwononga thupi la munthu. Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mankhwalaNthawi zonse yang'anani machenjezo pa chizindikirocho.. A musanadye tSambani zipatso bwinobwino kuti muchotse mankhwala, dothi ndi mabakiteriya.
Garter baka kuti muthandizire
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zomera zikukula m'tsogolo, tchire tingamangirire ku chithandizo. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha tchire la garter kuti tithandizidwe ndi masambawo tipeze dzuwa. Thandizo liyenera kukhala lokwanira; Ikhoza kuikidwa mwachindunji mu chidebe ndi chomera. Ndodo iliyonse kapena trellis (lattice) ikhoza kukhala chithandizo. Ngati muli otayika ndi kusankha, perekani zokonda trellis. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yodalirika yosunga zomera. Nkhaka mpesa udzakula ndi trellis, yomwe imakulolani kuti mupulumutse malo.
Kukolola nkhaka
Nkhuka ya nkhaka pa khonde ikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, monga kucha. Zipatso zili zokonzeka kukolola akafika kukula kwake. Mitundu yambiri ili okonzeka kukolola masiku 55 mpaka 70 mutabzala. Nkhuka zakupsa ziyenera kukhala ndi mdima wobiriwira komanso kukhala olimbitsa pansi pang'onopang'ono. Musalole kuti zipatso zipse, mwinamwake zimakhala zowawa mu kulawa. Pofuna kusokoneza chomeracho, musatenge kapena kubwetsera chipatsocho. M'malo mwake, kudula nkhaka kuchokera ku mpesa ndi shears.
Mukudziwa? Nkhaka kukula mofulumira kwambiri. Mmerawo ukhoza kumera mpaka kutalika kwa masiku angapo. Makamaka ochuluka omwe mumasonkhanitsa pa nthawi, zimakhala zokolola zambiri.
Ndi nzeru zonse za kukula nkhaka kunyumba. Monga mukuonera, sizili zovuta nkomwe ndipo sizifuna luso lapadera. Nkhaka zimafunika kutentha, nthaka yachonde ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Yesetsani kutsata ndondomekoyi yosavuta, ndipo mutha kusangalala ndi zokolola zabwino ku chitsamba chilichonse.
