Whitefly: Zonse Zokhudza Tizilombo

Whitefly ndi chinyengo komanso chinsinsi chomwe chimayambitsa zowononga zakunyumba, dimba ndi mbewu zobiriwira. Mapiko ake oyera nthawi zambiri amawonekera ndi maliseche, koma tizilombo timene timakhala pansi pa tsamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zisawoneke.

Kufotokozera kwa zovala zovekera, kubala kwake

Whitefly ndi imodzi mwa tiziromboti toyamwa. Chimawoneka ngati njenjete yokhala ndi kirimu wokhala ndi thupi laling'ono la 1-2 mm, yokutidwa ndi zokutira zowoneka bwino za uxy zomwe zimakhala ngati ufa. Yaikaziyo imayala pansi pa tsamba laimaso mazira, oikidwa pazomera zazing'ono. Mu nthawi yabwino, mazira 300 pachaka, mazira 10-20 nthawi imodzi.

Mphutsi zokhala ndi mbewa zobiriwira zimakhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka, tinyanga ndi miyendo itatu. Akapeza malo abwino azakudya zawo, amalumikizana ndikulephera kusuntha, ofanana ndi mawonekedwe oyera. Masamba achichepere ambiri amasankhidwa, koma ndi chiwerengero chachikulu chimayikidwa pazomera zina. Mafuta awo a shuga amakhala owopsa chifukwa ndi dothi labwino popanga bowa wam'maso, lomwe limasunga masamba a nestata ndikusokoneza kuwala kwa dzuwa. Chovulaza chachikulu chimayambitsidwa ndi mphutsi. Pang'onopang'ono iwo amawonjezeka kukula ndikuyenda magawo angapo osungunuka. Pamapeto omaliza, utoto wophimba womwe umaphimba mphutsi uziuma. Ali wokonzeka kusintha gulugufe.

Nthawi yozungulira ndi masabata 3-5.

Mu mtengo wokhala ndi kachilombo, masamba amawuma ndipo masamba akuwonongeka. Amakonda kubereketsa fuchsia, basamu, begonia, lanthanum ndi geranium (pelargonium), koma amathanso kulimbana ndi mitundu ina. M'malo obiriwira amakhala nkhaka, tomato, biringanya ndi tsabola.

Mitundu ya Whiteflies

Mitundu yoposa 100 ya tiziromboti imadziwika m'malo ambiri. Zowopsa kwambiri:

• Fodya. Omnivore, ngakhale amadya zitsamba zamankhwala. Zimasiyanasiyana pakupendekera kwa mapiko a gulugufe.
• Wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Chonde, kugonjetsedwa ndi zovuta. Thupi la munthu wachikulire ndi chikasu.
• Zipatso Gulugufe ali ndi chithunzi chofanana ndi Y.
• Mabulosi. Mabuu ndi akuda ndi mphonje yoyera. Zogawidwa ndi zipatso.
• Kabichi. Palibe iyo, imapatsa bedi lina zamasamba.
• Fringed. Imakhazikika pa thonje ndi ma gour. Imakhala ndi thupi laimvi komanso mikwaso yakuda pamapiko.
• Strawberry. Amakonda kubzala mbewu (sitiroberi, rasipiberi, ndi zina).
• Giant. Gulugufe wamkulu kwambiri mpaka 5 mm. Imapezeka pa maluwa, tomato, mitengo ndi zitsamba zokongoletsera.
• Honeysuckle. Zonenedweratu zili zamangamanga. Imakhazikika pa mphesa.
• Iris. Amakonzekeretsa gladioli. Zimasinthana ndi maluwa ena posakhalapo.
• Phulusa. Chimbudzi pachilichonse chimakhala ndi mphonje yaying'ono wokhala ndi zomangira za sera kumapeto. Imavulaza mitengo ndi zitsamba.
• Wovekedwa. Mphutsi zakuda ndi korona wamutu m'mutu. Miyoyo m'nkhalango za thundu ndi m'nkhokwe.

Zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewa

Momwe tizilombo timene tidakhalira pachomera ndizosavuta kudziwa. Itha kubweretsedwa ndi munthu pazovala, pamodzi ndi mbande zogulidwa, kudzera pazenera lotseguka, etc. Ngati chipindacho chili ndi zabwino, nthawi yomweyo chimayamba kuchuluka. Amasowa kutentha komanso kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumakhala makamaka malo obiriwira komanso malo obiriwira.

Potseguka, kutulutsa majeremusi mwachangu kumayamba mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, nyengo yotentha ikayamba. Imakhala yoyenera makamaka pamtunda wowuma pomwe kuyenda kovuta kumakhala kovuta. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kwa tizilomboku kumafuna kuunikiridwa kwakanthawi, kuti musaphonye mawonekedwe ake ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake.

Njira ndi njira zowongolera mbewa yoyera

Whitefly imavulaza mbewu ndikunyamula ma virus oopsa: curly, jaundice, chlorosis. Njira zolimbirana zimakhazikitsidwa pakupanga zinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa kubereka kwake kogwira ntchito. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu ngati njira yolumikizidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa ndipo zotsatirazi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

• Kunja: Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala ndizoyenera kwambiri. Amawongolera kawopsedwe awo.
• M'kati: Zowerengeka komanso mankhwala azikhalidwe zomwe ndi zotetezeka kwa anthu.

Kuchotsa makina oyera

Njirayi imagwira ntchito ngati pali mbewu zochepa. Pansi pake zimamveka:

• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapepala amsampha ndi guluu, kukopa mawonekedwe a akulu. M'malo mwake, nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito tepi yosenda kuchokera ku ntchentche.
• Kutolere ma midges ndi njira yovuta, koma zovomerezeka.
• Pukutani ndi kupopera ndi madzi amchere.

Ntchito msampha

Amapangidwa ndi makampani awa: Pheromone, ARGUS, Bona Forte, etc. Misampha ndi zidutswa zachikaso za pepala kapena getinax wokutira ndi guluu wapadera. Zilibe mtundu ndi fungo, sizoyipa. Tizilombo touluka mumtundu ndi ndodo. Mitundu yambiri ya majeremusi owuluka agwidwa.

Mutha kudzipanga nokha. Tengani pepala lalikulu, matabwa kapena zinthu zophatikizika, penti mu utoto wowala wachikasu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a castor, mafuta odzola kapena chisakanizo cha rosin ndi uchi. Zoyikidwa pamwamba pa mbewuzo pogwiritsa ntchito zofunikira:

• 1 pc Mahekitala 0.1;
• m'chipindacho - pazenera zonse.

Zithandizo za anthu

Amayimiridwa ndi mayankho amadzi omwe mbewu zimapopera kapena kupukuta.

Othandizira zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuphatikizira kumathandiza kuthetseratu kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri tizirombo. Mankhwala othandiza awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Neonicotinoids: Aktara, Confidor. Kukhudzana-matumbo kanthu ndi osiyanasiyana sipekitiramu. Amachitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Gwiritsani mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo. Zimagawidwa pachomera chonse, koma osadziunjikira zipatso. Zowopsa kwa anthu ndi nyama, koma poizoni kupukuta tizilombo.
• Pyrethroids: Decis, Spark bio kapena golide, Kaisara. Kukhudza akuluakulu ndi mphutsi. Amalumikizana komanso matumbo ntchito. Osasamba ndi mvula. Zochita zosiyanasiyana.
• Organophosphorus: Fufafon, Actellik. Otetezeka kwa anthu ndi nyama. Odorless. Mwachangu musalole.
• Karbofos wakale wotsimikiziridwa. Amapangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, othandiza kwambiri. Kukonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoteteza. Osagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zopitilira 2 pachaka.
• Dichlorvos. Mtengo wake osati wokwera mtengo. Zosintha zatsopano zilibe fungo lamphamvu. Mankhwalawa ndi oopsa, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha ngati njira zina sizikuthandizani.
• Insectoacaricides (otsiriza a biologics): Vermitek, Fitoverm. Kuyang'anira tizilombo posakhala komwe kuli. Choyambitsa ziwalo. Zimalekerera bwino zomera. Mutha kukolola patatha masiku awiri mutakonzekera.

Kuti muwonjezere zovuta zake, onjezerani sopo wotsukira kapena sopo yochapira, yomwe imalola mankhwalawa kumamatira masamba. Ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizowo kuti musadzivulaze nokha komanso anthu ena.

A Dachnik adalangiza: njira zodzitetezera kutetezani ndi mzungu kunyumba komanso mumsewu

Zovala zoyera ziyenera kuchita njira zodzitetezera kupewa kuukira. M'munda:

• mbewu zimabzalidwa patali;
• kupereka chisamaliro chabwino;
• gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti mulimbikitse thanzi;
• kukolola nsonga zonse ndi namsongole m'dzinja;
• kukumba malo;
• ikani mulu wa kompositi kwina, monga tizirombo tosiyanasiyana timakonda nyengo yachisanu.

M'nyumba:

• tsekani mawindo okhala ndi maukonde a udzudzu;
• osalola kuti chinyezi chisamire m'matumba;
• Osayika miphika pafupi ndi pawindo;
• mpweya pafupipafupi;
• gwiritsani ntchito biostimulants pakukula komanso kuvala pamwamba.

M'malo obiriwira:

• Anasokonezeka pang'ono nthawi yozizira, chifukwa Gulugufe samaloleza kutentha pang'ono.
• Fokirirani ndi bomba owonera utsi wa sulufule kuti muwonongere mphutsi.
• Amathandizidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate ngati zinthu zake ndi polycarbonate.
• Chapakatikati, kukonzanso kumachitika.