Kerria ndi shrub wamuyaya wa banja la Pinki. Kwawo - Japan, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China. Amakongoletsa mapiri, nthaka ndi nkhalango. Ku Russia, nthawi zambiri amakongoletsa mapaki, mabwalo, minda, mabwalo, etc. Mukabzala zitsamba pamalopo, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yozitengera nyengo yamphepoyo.
Kufotokozera kwa chitsamba cha Kerry
Chitsambachi chimatchedwa woyamba wa botanist ku Ceylon komanso wokhazikitsa oimira maluwa - W. Kerr. Anthu otchedwa kerriya Isitala adadzuka. Izi ndichifukwa choti akuyamba kuphuka mu maphwando amatchalitchi ofunika kwambiri, ndipo maluwa ake amawoneka ngati maluwa apinki.
Tchire limakula msanga, limatalika mamita 3. Limaoneka ngati mitengo yobiriwira. Masamba lanceolate, serated, ndi malembedwe. Kutalika mpaka masentimita 10. Mbali yakunja ya mbaleyo ndi yosalala, mbali yakumbuyo ndi ya pubescent. Mukukula, masamba ndi wotuwa emerald, pakugwa - chikasu.
Masamba amatulutsa fungo lakuthwa (lofanana ndi fungo la ma dandelion), amapezeka palokha, akufika patali ndi 4.5 cm. Limamasaka kuyambira Meyi. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi masiku 25-35. Zinthu zofunikira zikapangidwa, kukonzanso masamba kumatha kuonekeranso nthawi yophukira.
Pambuyo pa maluwa, kumatuluka udzu wakuda. Pakati Russia, chitsamba, monga lamulo, sichimabala zipatso.
Mwayi wosakayikira wa mbewu ndi kulekerera kwa mpweya wodetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, itha kubzalidwe pafupi ndi misewu yayikulu, mafakitale ndi m'malo ena ndi mpweya wowonjezera.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya Kerry
Shrub ali ndi mtundu umodzi wokha - kerriya waku Japan. Mitundu yake yotchuka ku Russia:
| Mutu | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Picta (Variegata) | Kufikira mita 1. Ndi maluwa achikasu. | Zosiyanasiyana, zokhala ndi zoyera komanso zamalire pamalire. |
| Albomarginata | Chochititsa chidwi ndikumakula pang'onopang'ono. | Asymmetrical, ndi kuyera-oyera-chipale. |
| Argenteo-marginata | Kufikira 2 m .. Ndi masamba a canary. | Mphepete mwake mumazunguliridwa ndi mzere wochepera kuposa mitundu yapitayo. |
| Plena (chitsamba cha buttercup) | Amapereka mizu yambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipanda. | Chimawoneka ngati masamba rasipiberi. |
| Pleniflora | Ndili ndi maluwa awiri amitundu yayikulu, okumbukira ma pomponi. | |
| Golide wapamwamba | Limaphuka kwambiri. Masamba ndi osavuta, okhazikika mawonekedwe, okhala ndi mandimu akuda. | Wobiriwira wopepuka, amapanga korona wokongola. |
| Kin kan | Ndi maluwa ambiri okongoletsa. | |
| Albiflora | Ndi miyala yoyera. |
Kuyambika kwa Kerry Japan poyera
Mutha kubzala pomwepo pakalepo kapena kubzala mbande zam'mizere. Poyamba, kubzala kumachitika mchaka, mutentha dziko lapansi kapena mu Okutobala chisanu chisanachitike. Nthochi zokhazikitsidwa muzipinda zamtunduwu zimaziwitsidwa mwezi uliwonse kupatula yozizira.
Malowa akhale otentha, otetezedwa ku zolemba. Komabe, ma ray a ultraviolet amatha kuwotcha amadyera. Chifukwa chake, masana, zitsamba zimafunikira shading. Njira yabwino ikakhala kubzala pafupi ndi mitengo yazipatso, yomwe korona wawo umateteza masambawo kuti asatenthe. Kutambalala mumithunzi sikofunikira, chifukwa cha ichi sipadzakhala maluwa okongola.
Ndondomeko zotsata:
- Mu lonyowa, loamy, humus, dothi labwino, kukumba dzenje lakuya 0.4 m.
- Thirani chisakanizo cha humus ndi turf pansi, onjezani supuni 6-8 za feteleza wovuta wa mchere (kotero kuti phiri laling'ono limapangidwa).
- Ikani chitsamba pakati pa knoll, kufalitsa rhizome.
- Dzazani tulo ndi gawo lapansi. Khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala pansi.
- Pendekerani dothi pang'ono ndi madzi.
Kusamalira Kerry M'munda
Mutabzala kumbuyo kwa chitsamba, muyenera chisamaliro choyenera. Pokhapokha ngati sadzadwala, adzakhala wokongoletsa bwino kwambiri dimba.
Kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira
Kerria amafunika kuthirira tsiku lililonse pokhapokha milungu iwiri itatu mutabzala. Tengani madzi okhazikika, ofunda, ofewa. Kenako kukakhala mvula yachilengedwe yokwanira. Komabe, nyengo yoyuma komanso popanga masamba, kuphatikiza nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Denga lakumwamba (pafupifupi 10 cm) lisakhale ndi nthawi yopumira. Izi ndizofunikira kuti maluwa azikhala bwino, kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano ndi kutetezedwa kwawo kuchokera ku kutentha kwambiri.
Kuti chinyontho chisungidwe bwino m'nthaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch. Mwachitsanzo, masamba agwa. Ngati nyengo ili yamvula kwambiri, muyenera kumasula nthaka ndi udzu nthawi zonse, kuti madzi asasokonekere.
Kudulira nthambi kumayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, chifukwa chitsamba chikukula mwachangu. M'mwezi wa March, chotsani nthambi zouma, zouma kapena zosweka nthawi yozizira. Fupikitsani mphukira zazing'ono ndi 1/4. Dulani nthambi kachiwiri pambuyo pa maluwa oyamba. Pochita izi, chotsani mphukira zakale. Kuwongolera kwachitatu kumachitika kumapeto kwa Julayi-Ogasiti, kotero kuti kukonzanso masamba kumachulukanso.
Kuti apereke kukongoletsa, njira zazitali kwambiri ziyenera kufupikitsidwa kukula kwake. Mphukira zazing'ono sizikuyenera kukhudzidwa. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse chitsamba nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa cha njirazi, chitsamba chimakhala chogwirika, koma nthawi yomweyo.
Nthawi yoyamba yomwe mbewuyo imafunikira kuthira manyowa mu nthawi ya masika, ikangodulira. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu ngati chovala pamwamba (makamaka mullein wothira madzi 1 mpaka 10). Pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2, mutha kuwonjezera phulusa la nkhuni (pa sq.m. 100-200 g) ndi kompositi (1:10). Pambuyo pa maluwa oyamba, timalimbikitsidwa kuthirira ndimadzi osakanikirana amaminidwe.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Ngati kerriya adalimidwa mu nazale za dziko lathu, nthawi zambiri limaletsa mofatsa zipatso za ku Russia. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nyengo yozizira imafotokozedwera aliyense payekha.
Mukamafika kumwera kwa Russia, pogona sikofunikira. Ngati duwa lakula pakati panjira yozizira ndipo nthawi yotentha, chitsamba chizikhala chodzaza ndi nthambi za masamba kapena masamba owuma kuti chisazizire kuzizira, ndikuphimba ndi zinthu zosavala madzi pamwamba. Muyenera kuchita izi pochepetsa kutentha mpaka -10 ° C, osayiwala kusiya mabowo kuti mpweya uzizungulira. Pakakhala chonyowa, kuvunda ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi akusungunuka, chitsamba chimayamba kuvunda ndi kufa.
Pakatapira, pogona chimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yozolowera chilengedwe chozungulira. Choyamba, chotsani filimuyo, ndiye kuti muchepetse kutalika kwa mulch kukhala 15 cm, ndikumasula chitsamba kwathunthu.
Njira zolerera
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugawa magawo. Zimachitika motere:
- M'nyengo yotentha, kukuchera mitengo ing'onoing'ono (78 cm kuya) pafupi ndi chitsamba.
- Kanikizani nthambi zosintha pansi.
- Konzani mabatani.
- Mukawoneka masamba (patatha pafupifupi milungu itatu), dzazani dzenje ndi gawo lapansi, ndikungosiyira malekezero a nthambi pamwamba.
- Mizu yanu imayamba kukula m'thaka. Mu April, kupatulira wamkulu kudula.
Kufalikira kwatsoka ndi odulidwa:
- Kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, gawani mphukira zolemekezeka, ndipo mu Julayi - zobiriwira. A osachepera awiri a impso ayenera kupangidwa pa odulidwa.
- Landirani m'malo ozizira komanso opanda phokoso.
- Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti mupange mizu, choncho siyani tchire tating'ono mu wowonjezera kutentha nyengo yachisanu.
- Mwezi wa Meyi, ndikani kuti ndikudula maudzu mumbale ndikuwabweretsa chipinda chotentha.
- Nyengo yotsatira, sinthani mumsewu.
M'dzinja, Kerria imafalitsidwa ndi ana. Gawani mphukira pakati pa chitsamba ndikuwabyala padera. Mukamapanga zofunikira pachitukuko, mizu imadutsa mwachangu kuti ikwaniritse, tchire zazing'ono zimakula kukhala chomera chokhwima.
Poika mbewu, mutha kugawa chitsamba. Iyi ndi njira ina yochulukitsira kerria. Pakusankha, chotsani dothi pansi ndikugawanika magawo angapo. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso zoyambira zamphamvu. Kufika kwa Delenok kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga kufikira koyamba. Tchire tambiri madzi okwanira.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kerria ndi imodzi mwazomera zamphamvu zokongoletsa. Mukamapanga zofunikira zokhala mndende, sizichitika kawirikawiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi zina, akangaude amatha kuyamba kukhala pa mbande. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cholakwitsa posamalira: mpweya wouma, fumbi ndi dothi pamasamba, kupezeka masamba owuma m'miphika yoyandikana. Mutha kuwononga tizilombo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, Fitoverm, Fufanonom ndi ena. Popewa kuwonongeka m'chipindacho, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa chinyontho, kupukuta tchire ndi nsalu yonyowa, ndikuchotsa masamba omwe agwera munthawi yake.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudzi kwawo amadziwitsa: momwe angakulire mabulosi ku Moscow
Mukamafika m'chigawo chapakati, muyenera kuwunika zinthu zapadera. Zimagwiranso ntchito kudera la Leningrad. Zofunikira zoterezi ndizogwirizana ndi nyengo.
Chakumapeto kwa nyengo yophukira, nyengo yadzuwa, ikani thovu kuzungulira maziko. Phimbani ndi nthambi za coniferous kapena masamba owuma kuti mphukira zikanikizidwe pansi. Kuti asawongoze, pangani chimango. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pogona ponsepo pakhale mpweya wabwino. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusiya malo otsegukira mpweya momwemo.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mumitambo pomwe kuli kouma, chotsani mawonekedwe. Choyamba chotsani chimango, kenako pezani nthambi za masamba, masamba. Dzuwa lowala likhoza kuvulaza Kerria, chifukwa chake koyamba pamafunika kutetezedwa ndi zofunda. Itha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa wamaluwa. Mphukira zowotcha, zoona, zitha kudulidwa, koma ndiye kuti maluwa atha kusokonezeka.
Potengera malamulo obzala komanso kusamalira, Kerry amayamba kupanga masamba mitengo yonse isanayambe. Maluwa ake ndi okongola komanso ochulukirapo, chitsamba chimakongoletsa mawonekedwe aliwonse. Kuisunga m'minda ya ku Russia ndikosavuta, kuthirira nthawi yake, kudulira ndi kuphatikiza feteleza. Ngati atachita molondola, palibe matenda ndi tizilombo toononga tomera.
