Streptocarpus: Kufotokozera, mitundu ndi mitundu, chisamaliro

Streptocarpus (Streptocarpus) ndi chomera chopanda, chokhala ndi maluwa ambiri ndi inflorescence yoyambirira ngati belu lokwera bwino. Ndi wa banja la a Gesneriev ndipo ndi wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa azambara violets. Koma poyerekeza ndi iwo, ndizolimba komanso zopanda mtima kwambiri pochoka, zomwe zimawonjezera mafani pakati pa wamaluwa ndi okonda.

Kufotokozera kwa streptocarpus

Kuthengo, streptocarpuses imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a epiphytes kapena lithophytes omwe amakula pazomera zina kapena pamalo amiyala. Oimira awo adapezeka koyamba ndi James Bowie mu 1818 kumapiri a Cape Province kumwera kwa Africa, komwe adachokera dzina lachiwiri - Cape primrose.

Nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi ma violets amkati chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ofanana:

• nthambi yofiyira ndipo imakhala kumtunda ndipo imadutsa yopanda tsinde;
• m'munsi amayamba rosette wa masamba owulungika okhala ndi mawonekedwe amtambo, pang'ono velvet;
• mu axils tsamba lililonse pali inflorescence wopangidwa angapo tubular masamba;
• duwa limakhala ndi miyala isanu ya utoto winawake, ndipo limafikira masentimita 2-10;
• Chifukwa cha kupukutidwa, amapereka chipatsocho ngati dongo lopindika lomwe lili ndi mbewu zambiri mkati.

Komanso werengani nkhaniyi pachipinda cha violet kapena senpolia.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma streptocarpuses:

• Masamba osakhwima, okhala ndi duwa la masamba awiri kapena kupitirira. Nthawi zonse ndizosatha, zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri komanso ndizodziwika pakubzala kwa mbewu.
• Univalent - tsamba limodzi limamera molunjika kuchokera muzu, nthawi zambiri limakulanso. Amakhala amodzi okha, akufa pomwepo atangotuluka maluwa ndi mbewu. Mitundu yosatha imatulutsa pepala latsopano nthawi yomweyo akale akamwalira.
• Oyimira tsinde amasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde losinthika lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe oyipa. Amayenda pansi ndikusisaka, kutulutsa mtundu yaying'ono.

Amayamba kuphuka kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, koma ndi chisamaliro choyenera amatha kubzala masamba nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya streptocarpus

Streptocarpus imagawidwa m'mabungwe ambiri amasiyana mawonekedwe, kapangidwe kake, mtundu wamasamba ndi inflorescence. M'magulu osiyanasiyana, mitundu ya masamba imakhala ndi utoto wabuluu kapena wofiirira, pomwe ena osakanizidwa amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kusamalira streptocarpus kunyumba

Cape primrose siyabwino kwenikweni kuposa nyumba yamkati. Kusamalira kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kusankha kuyikidwa koyenera, kuonetsetsa chinyezi chokwanira mlengalenga ndi nthaka.

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kukulira primrose wochokera ku Cape Province kumabala zipatso ngati inflorescence yobiriwira. M'malo ambiri, maluwa amapezeka mkati mwa kasupe, koma pali zosiyana, kuphatikiza mitundu yomwe imamasula chaka chonse.

Maluwa owongoka ayenera kuchotsedwa bwino ndi mpeni wakuthwa, ngati masamba owuma. Izi zimalimbikitsa kusintha.

Kubzala ndi kusintha Cape primrose

Ma streptocarpuses ambiri ndi osatha. Kusungitsa maluwa awo komanso mawonekedwe ake athanzi, sikuti amangofunikira chisamaliro chokwanira, komanso othamangitsidwa nthawi zonse

Musanayambe njirayi, ndikofunikira kusankha mulingo woyenera ndi nthaka. Olima maluwa, osati chaka choyamba chaulimi, amakonda kudziyimira payokha posakaniza. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusiya acidic gawo lapansi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zotsatirazi:

• peat, dothi lamasamba, perlite kapena vermiculite ndi odulidwa a sphagnum moss (2: 1: 0.5: 0.5);
• 3: 1: 2 nthaka yamasamba, humus ndi peat crumb imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makala ophwanyika a birch (pafupifupi 20 g pa 1 lita imodzi);
• peat koyera pamafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi, ndipo ndi vermiculite mu 1: 1 kuchuluka izi kungapeweke;
• manyowa a tsamba, mchenga wowuma komanso thunzi yachonde 2: 1: 3 ndi yoyenera maluwa akuluakulu.

Muphika uyenera kusankhidwa lonse komanso osaya, kutengera kukula kwa chomera. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ma rhizomes ndi nthambi ndipo amapezeka pansi. Kuyika streptocarpus, muyenera kusankha chidebe chambiri masentimita 2-3 nthawi iliyonse kuposa yoyambayo. Pansi, kuti athandizire kudutsa chinyontho, 2 cm dongo lokulitsidwa, tchipisi ta njerwa zofiira kapena zinthu zilizonse zotayirira zimayikidwa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Gawo lofunikanso pakusintha kwa streptocarpus ndi feteleza wa nthaka yake. Kudyetsa bwino kumachitika sabata iliyonse:

• koyambirira kwamasika, yambani kuwonjezera zinthu za nayitrogeni m'madzi pa ulimi wothirira kuti mukule greenery (Uniflor-grow);
• nthawi yamaluwa, sankhani kukonzekera ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu kuti mukhalebe ndi masamba okongola (Uniflor-bud).

Nthawi yomweyo, Mlingo womwe umasonyezedwa pamaphukusi amayenera kudula kuti muchepetse mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ndi ndondomeko yoyenera, kusakhazikika kwa duwa kumachulukanso, kukula kwake ndi kutalika kwa maluwa kumachulukira.

Kubwezeretsa kwa streptocarpus

Kubala kwawo kumachitika motere:

• Kuchokera kwa mbewu. Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma hybrids atsopano. Mbewu iyenera kumwazika pansi, kuipukuta ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Kupanga wowonjezera kutentha, ikani poto pamalo otentha ndikuyambitsa kubzala kawiri pa tsiku kwa mphindi 20, ndikupukuta makonzedwewo. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mbande zikaonekera, onjezerani nthawi yotsatsira, ndikuwokanirana pambuyo pa masamba.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chogwirizira kuchokera ku tsamba. Thirani madzi oyeretsedwa kapena madzi amvula mugalasi. Finyani tsamba pachidulacho ndi kaboni yophwanyidwa ndikuyithira m'madzi ndi 1-1.5 masentimita. Mizu yake ikawonekera, pakatha masiku pafupifupi 7, yambani kubzala.
• Kuchokera pamagawo a pepala. Chotsani mtsempha wapakati pake ndikuwabzala mbali zonse ziwiri mozama 5mm. Nyowetsani pansi, kuphimba ndi polyethylene ndi mpweya wabwino. Pakadutsa miyezi ingapo, pamene mitengo yaying'ono itamera, imabzalidwe. Izi zimabweretsa mbewu zambiri.
• Gawani chitsamba. Zoyenera kukhala duwa la achikulire kuyambira azaka 2-3. Chapakatikati, ma rhizomes amafunika kuchotsedwa mu dothi ndikugawidwa m'magawo, kukhala osamala kuti asawononge. Ngati ndi kotheka, kudula masharubu ndi mpeni, kuchiza magawo ndi kaboni yophwanyika. Patulani "ana" kuti mubzale ndikuphimba ndi zinthu zowonekera masiku angapo.

Mavuto omwe akukula ndi streptocarpus, tizirombo, matenda

Kulima Cape primrose kumatha kudziwika ndi mavuto ambiri, mawonekedwe ake omwe amakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wake.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akuluakulu omwe amayambitsa matenda ena a streptocarpus. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kumathandizira pakuthandizanso kwake kwa maluwa ndi kubwezeretsa duwa.

Chifukwa chake, pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, ndikofunikira kuphunzira chomera mosamala ndi tizirombo. Ngati alipo, ndikofunika kudzipatula pa matenda enaake omwe ali ndi matendawa ku maluwa osadziwika. Popewa, amaloledwa kuwachitira ndi Fitoverm, kutsatira malangizo.