Zomera

Munda wamkati ndi basamu wamkati kapena kuwala: kukula, chithunzi, chisamaliro

Mafuta a M'baor ndi chomera chomwe chimakhala mbali ya banja la Basamu. Kwawo - malo otentha ndi madera a Asia ndi Africa.

Mwa anthu wamba amatcha asterisk, cheza, Vanka chonyowa.

Kufotokozera kwa Balsamu

Mitengo ikuluikulu. Masamba ake ndi owongoka kapena owoneka ndi mtima, kumanjaku kumayambiriro, ndikuyandikira petiole kukulira, pali msana wawung'ono m'mphepete. Mtunduwu ndi wobiriwira wakuda ndi shaki yokhala ndi lilac.

Masamba ali ndi miyala isanu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku pinki yotuwa kupita yofiyira. Zipatso ndizobiriwira, nditatha kucha ndikupanga bokosi lowuma.

Mitundu ya Mabakiteriya

M'malo mchipinda, zitha kukulitsa mitundu ya kuwala:

OnaniKufotokozeraMasambaMaluwa
KutalikaImafika masentimita 50. Thunthu lake limakhala ndi zipatso zowoneka bwino.Mulifupi ndi chowulungika, utoto - wobiriwira, bulauni.Pala kapena bicolor, yaying'ono. Pinki.
Watsopano waku GuineaOsakanizidwa osakanizidwa. Osakana kuwongolera dzuwa, kuloledwa kukula mu nyumba ndi munda.Oval, wobiriwira wokhala ndi mitsempha yachikasu.Chachikulu, mtundu - ofiira, wotuwa pinki.
KandyPosachedwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitengo yaying'ono yosalala komanso yowutsa mudyo. Amakula mpaka 50 cm.Yodzikongoletsa, yokhala ndi malekezero owongoka. Mtundu wake ndi udzu.Yofewa, yosalala. Wokwera kwambiri.
Strawberry ndi zononaZosiyanasiyana. Chomera chofanana, nthambi zoyambira.Oval.Choyera chofiira, m'mimba mwake mpaka 4 cm.
PetersKutalika mpaka theka la mita.Bronze, wamtunda.Yokhazikika wofiira, yaying'ono.
OrchidThupi lamadzi, koma brittle, pinki yakuda. Kanani ndi akangaude.Ma Velvety, amdima, ofiira ndi ofiira alipo.Kapangidwe kamakhala ngati nsapato, zoyera, zimakhala ndi burgundy kapena chikasu chachikaso.
Kamnyamata kakang'ono kali ndi chalaChitsamba chowumbika, mtengo wophuka. Amaloledwa kukula m'chipinda komanso dothi lotseguka.Mtundu wokongola.Chachikulu, cha miyala yamtundu, yapinki.
CutieBush ndi kutalika kwa 20 cm.Oval.Ang'ono, oyera.
Salmon ChiffonChomera chokhala ndi maluwa ataliatali komanso ochulukirapo.Wobiriwira wopepuka, wopangidwa ndi mtima.Chachikulu, terry. Mtundu nsomba.

Basamu (kuwala): chisamaliro chakunyumba

Mukamayang'anira mafuta a basamu kunyumba, muyenera kuganizira za chaka chazaka:

ChoyimiraChilimwe cha masikaKugwa nthawi yachisanu
Malo / KuwalaMaluwa amakonda mthunzi wocheperako, chifukwa amaikidwa kum'mawa, kumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa nyumbayo.Onjezerani masana ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyali za fluorescent.
Kutentha+ 18 ... +22 ° С. M'malo okwera kwambiri, amawonjezera chinyezi.+ 10 ... +16 ° С. Chomera chimakankhidwira kutali ndi zenera kuti chisamazizire.
ChinyeziGawo 65-70%. Chitani mwatsatanetsatane kupopera.Mulingo - 60-65%. Kuyika kutali ndi magetsi
KuthiriraKamodzi tsiku lililonse 2-3.Kawiri pa sabata.
Mavalidwe apamwambaKamodzi pa masiku 14. Ikani ndalama za potaziyamu phosphorous.Feteleza sikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuyika ndikuphika mumphika watsopano, primer for twinkle

Kuthira kwa basamu kumachitika kamodzi pachaka. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi masika.

Mchitidwewo umachitika patatha masiku 14 chomera chitagulidwa, kapena nthawi ina iliyonse atazindikira kuti mizu yake imakhazikika pamabowo kapena tizirombo timapezeka. Mphika umasankhidwa 1.5 cm cm kuposa wakale.

Chofunikira kuti munthu akaike ndikuyika ndikuyika chosanjikiza chamiyala, miyala, dothi komanso mchenga. Kenako, onjezani 1.5-2 cm lapansi.

Duwa limayikidwa pakati pa poto watsopano, ndipo malo opanda kanthu amakutidwa ndi dothi. Madzi ambiri ndikusiyidwa mumthunzi pang'ono kwa masiku 7 mpaka 14.

Dothi lololedwa limagulidwa m'sitolo kapena kulipangira palokha, chifukwa izi, zotsatirazi zimatengedwa chimodzimodzi.

  • dziko la turf;
  • humus;
  • mzati.

Kuswana

Kuwala ndi maluwa omwe amafalitsidwa ndi njere ndi odulidwa.

Mtundu woyamba wa zinthu zobzala umagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chonse, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira dongosolo la kumera:

  1. Mbewu zimasungidwa kwa mphindi 10 powunikira njira ya potaziyamu permanganate.
  2. Nthaka imasakanizidwa kuchokera ku perlite ndi peat mwa chiyerekezo cha 1: 2.
  3. Zomera zobzala zimayikidwa masentimita 7 ndikuunyowetsa nthaka, kuphimba chidebe ndi filimuyo, ndikupanga zinthu kumeneko pa + 20 ... +25 ° С.
  4. Nthambi zoyamba zimawonekera pambuyo pa masiku 8-10.
  5. Nthaka nthawi zina amathandizira kupuma.
  6. Mbewu zikakula mpaka 1.5-2 cm, zimayenda pansi.
  7. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa tsamba limodzi lenileni, maluwawo amawasanjika mumiphika osiyana.

Kutsatirana uku kuyenera kulemekezedwa kwathunthu, apo ayi mutha kupangitsa kuti zomera zife.

Kudula kumawonedwa ngati njira yotchuka kwambiri yolera, popeza njirayi ndiyosavuta, ndipo mitundu yonse yazikhalidwe imasungidwa bwino.

Ndondomeko imachitidwa molingana ndi dongosolo lotsatirali:

  1. Mu nyengo yofunda, pamwamba pa mphukirawo amadulidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 7. Pachikuto chilichonse, awiri awiri omwe amapezeka pamtunda amapezeka. Masamba apansi amachotsedwa.
  2. Mphukira imayikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi ndikudikirira kuti apangidwe.
  3. Nthaka imatengedwa chimodzimodzi ndi njira yofalitsira mbewu.
  4. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mizu, kudula kumabzalidwa mumiphika yosiyanasiyana. Kuchokera kumwamba zimakutidwa ndi mabanki.
  5. Pakatha masiku 14, kuzika kwamizu kumawonedwa, ndipo patatha miyezi yochepa, shrub imayamba kuphuka.

Alimi a maluwa oundana amabzala masamba a basamu nthawi yomweyo m'nthaka, atathandizira mbewuzo m'njira yothamangitsira mapangidwe a mizu (Kornevin).

Malamulo a kusamalidwa kwa basamu ya panja poyera

Kulima basamu m'dothi lotseguka kumachitika kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa dimba. Ndi magetsi apamwamba kwambiri, Vanka limamasulidwa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso yambiri. Zitsamba zobzalidwa pamthunzi ndizophukira pang'ono.

Mbande za malo otseguka zimabzalidwa mnyumbamo, koma kumapeto kwa zipatsozi zibzalidwe m'nthaka. Kubzala zinthu kumakhalako chisanachitike, tsiku lililonse kutuluka kwa khonde kapena m'mundamo kwa maola angapo.

Zomera zodzala maluwa kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake mtunda wa 25-30 cm ngati nthaka sinali yachonde, ndiye kuti humus, peat ndi mchenga zimawonjezeredwa kubowo lililonse pasadakhale.

Mbewu zimachotsedwa mosamala mumphika, ndikukonzedwanso mu recess, yokutidwa ndi lapansi, madzi, mulched. Kuti mupeze chitsamba chachikulu, tsinani pamwamba pamtengowo.

Kukula kopepuka m'munda pang'ono, kubzala ndi chisamaliro kuyenera kukhala pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Zomera zimamwe madzi pafupipafupi, popeza kusowa chinyezi kumatsogolera pakupukutira, kufota ndi kukhetsa masamba. Nthawi yoyenera ndi madzulo, dzuwa litalowa.

Pakangotha ​​masiku 14 aliwonse, mafuta a basamu amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza zovuta za maluwa. Samalani chifukwa chakuti chipangidwe chake chinali potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni. Mphukira zopindika zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungalimbikitsire kutulutsa kwamaluwa

Mafuta a basamu amatha kusakhalapo chifukwa cha izi:

  • kuchuluka kwakukulu - miphika yayikulu imalimbikitsa kukula kwa ma rhizomes, omwe amachepetsa ndi kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha thumba losunga mazira;
  • chotengera chocheperako - mizu ikukula mwachangu, masamba akugwa;
  • kutentha pansipa +15 ° С - nyengo yozizira yafika, nthawi imeneyi kusowa kwa masamba kumawonedwa;
  • kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni - kuvala pafupipafupi kumakwiyitsa maonekedwe a greenery, koma osati maluwa;
  • chinyezi chochepa kwambiri.

Poganizira zinthu zonsezi ndikuletsa kupezeka kwawo, mutha kusangalala ndi maluwa ataliatali komanso ochulukirapo.

Kulakwitsa posamalira, matenda, tizirombo ta basamu

Mukukula, kuunika kungayambukiridwe ndi tizilombo komanso matenda, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cholakwitsa posamalira:

Zizindikiro (zotsatira za masamba)ChifukwaKuthetsa
Chikaso.Chosakwanira mpweya chinyezi, kuthirira kwamadzi m'nthaka, kuvunda kwa mizu, feteleza owonjezera.Chomera chimachotsedwa mumphika ndipo chiphuphu chimayesedwa kuti chiwonongeke. Konzani njira yothirira.
Kufota.Chinyezi chochepa, kutentha kwambiri.Aliwazidwa, kuthilira madzi pafupipafupi, kupewa kunjenjemera kwa madzi.
Kugwa masamba.Mpweya wouma, feteleza wambiri, kutentha pang'ono, kuyanika panthaka, tizirombo.Pitani kuchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwambiri. Sinthani njira yothirira. Kuchepetsa pafupipafupi umuna.
Kupotoza ndikugwa.Chinyezi chadothi chophatikizira ndi kutentha kochepa.Kuchepetsa kuthirira, kuthira kutentha m'chipindacho.
Kubera.Kuwala koperewera, zambiri za nayitrogeni pansi.Mtengowo umasunthidwa kuchipinda chowala kapena kuwunikira kowonjezera. Sinthani njira yothira feteleza.
Kugwa, kuchepa kwa maluwa.Kuperewera kwawoko kuphatikiza ndi kutentha pang'ono.Mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo ya maluwa, kutentha kwa +20 ° C kumasungidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi basamu.
Amakula pang'ono, mitengo ikuluikulu imakokedwa.Kuchepa kochepa, kusowa kwa michere, kuyatsa pang'ono, kutentha kwambiri.Chomera chimadulidwa ndikusunthira kumalo ena ambiri. Sinthani pafupipafupi feteleza ntchito. Amawatengera kuchipinda choyatsa bwino ndipo amapereka kutentha.
Mawonekedwe achikasu ndi mabowo.Nkhaka zithunzi.Maluwa amatalikirana ndikuwotchedwa.
Mawonekedwe owoneka, akusweka. Kukula mobweza.Zojambulajambula.
Kuchepetsa tsinde m'munsi, ndikupeza mtundu wa bulauni.Brown zowola.Poyambirira matendawa, duwa limaphulika kangapo ndi Fitosporin. Ndi zowonongeka kwambiri, mafuta a basamu amawotchedwa.
Amawoneka kunja, kakhalidwe koyera mkati.Downy khosi.Chotsani madera omwe akhudzidwa. Maluwa amathandizidwa ndi Allet.
Zikwangwani zakuda.Bacteriosis.Dulani madera omwe akhudzidwa. Utsi ndi fungicides iliyonse.
Madontho achikasu akulowa. Tsamba loyera.Spider mite.Amathandizidwa ndimadzi sopo ndikuyika pansi osamba. Onjezani chinyezi mchipinda. Phulusa maluwa ndi Actara kapena Actellic.
Chikaso, chingwe.WhiteflyChitsamba chimatsukidwa ndi madzi ofunda, gwiritsani Fufanon kapena Mospilan.

Kulimbana ndi mavutowa kumayambira magawo oyambilira, ngati izi sizinachitike, mbewu imafa.