Oxalis (oxalis) ndi mbewu ya herbaceous yomwe ndi gawo la banja la Acidic. Malo ogawikawa ndi madera akumwera kwa America ndi Africa, Mexico.
Kufotokozera kwa Oxalis
Zosakhazikika, kutalika kwa 15 mpaka 15 cm. M'malo mwa thunthu, pali kachilomboka kowiririka. Kunja, amafanana ndi clover, chifukwa masamba ake ndi ochepa komanso ali ndi mawonekedwe atatu.
Zipatsozi zili ngati bokosi la zisa zisanu, zofiirira zopepuka, kutalika - 1 cm, m'lifupi - 50 mm. Maluwa ndi osakwatiwa, mtundu wake ndi woyera komanso wopepuka pinki, pakati ndi wachikaso.
Mitundu ya acidity ndi mawonekedwe owasamalira
Kunyumba, mutha kumera mitundu yamtundu wowawasa:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa | Zosamalidwa |
| M'nyumba | |||
| Makani atatu | Masamba ofunda omwe amakhala ndi mapanga amagwa ndikukula ndikuganizira nthawi yamasana (kugwedezeka kwa mbale kumakhala kofanana ndi mapiko a gulugufe). Mtundu - utoto wakuda. | Wamng'ono, wofiirira. | Choperewera pachisamaliro, palibe nthawi yopumira. Musalole kuyanika dothi kapena madzi akumwa. Kuti muwone kulemera, nthawi yophukira-yozizira imapereka nyengo yozizira. Kuti muchite izi, sinthani pafupipafupi kuthirira, dulani mitengo ikuluikulu ndikuyendetsa maluwa kupita kuchipinda chozizira. |
| Regnella (njenjete patali) | 3-ply zadzala masamba obiriwira. | Ang'ono, oyera. | Maonekedwe osadzikuza, osatha kuthirira kwa masiku 10. Chitani kukhazikika kwa masamba kupatsa mbewuzo. |
| Munda | |||
| Glandular | Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamunda wamtunduwu, imakula mpaka 10cm.Wopanga - shrub yaying'ono yokhala ndi masamba okongoletsa obiriwira. | Pinki-lilac wokhala ndi toterera rasipiberi. | Patulani kuthirira pang'ono komanso kuthina. |
| Depp | Pali ma plates anayi obiriwira pachimake, pamunsi ali ndi mawonekedwe amdima. Amakula mpaka 35 cm. | Yokhazikika pinki, yosonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence. | M'nyengo yozizira, amapanga pogona, chifukwa mbewuyo silivomereza kutentha kwa subzero. Kutsirira ndizochepa. |
| Zosiyanasiyana | Momwe mawonekedwe a kandulo, mtundu wake ndi woyera ndi malire ofiira. | Chitani kudulira pafupipafupi. Amakhala momasuka m'malo ovuta. | Osatha ndi masamba a singano. |
| Carob | Masamba a brown. | Wamng'ono, wachikasu. | Kutanthauza namsongole, motero, chisamaliro sichofunikira. Wamaluwa amangoyang'anira chomeracho kuti chikule chonse. |
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Oxalis
Mukamasamala acid, muyenera kuganizira bwino za nyengo ya chaka:
| Choyimira | Chilimwe cha masika | Kugwa nthawi yachisanu |
| Kuwala ndi malo | Iwindo lomwe lili kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa nyumbayo, ma oxalis a m'munda amaikidwa mumthunzi. Kuwala kumakhala kofewa komanso kosakanikirana, kuyatsidwa ndi dzuwa mwachindunji kumayambitsa kuyaka. | Mthunzi wosakhalitsa. Palibe chifukwa chowonjezera chowonjezera. |
| Kutentha | + 20 ... +25 ° С. | + 14 ... +18 ° С. |
| Chinyezi | Anawaza m'mawa ndi madzulo. | Mulingo wonyowa ndi 45-50%. Osapopera. |
| Kuthirira | Kuchulukana, atangoyala pang'ono kuyamwa lapansi. 1 nthawi m'masiku 2-3. | Kamodzi pa masiku 14. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi masabata awiri aliwonse. Ikani feteleza wapadera. | Osapereka nawo gawo. |
Nthawi yopumula
Kutalika kwa nyengo yachisanu ndi miyezi 1-1.5. Maluwa amaletsa kukula kwawo, koma masamba ake samagwa. Pakadali pano, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kapena kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu (muyenera kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa mbewu). Mitundu yamkati imapititsidwa kuchipinda chozizira komanso chowuma.
Maluwa
Maluwa, ngati asidi amatsimikiziridwa kuti ali apamwamba kwambiri, amatha kuyamba nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Chifukwa cha izi, kumapeto kwa nthawi yofananira ya mawonekedwe a masamba, nyengo yozizira imapangidwa. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, acidicyo imasinthidwa ku dothi latsopano, kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri ndikuyika m'malo abwino. Maluwa amachitika patatha masiku 30 mpaka 40.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi chomera chomwe chimakula mwachangu, motero chimafunikira chofanizira chaka chilichonse. Nthawi yokwanira ndiye kutha kwa February kapena kuyamba kwa Marichi.
Nthawi yomweyo, amadzalanso dothi ndikuyesetsa kusamalira mababu mosamala momwe angathere. Oxalis imatsukidwa kwathunthu zinyalala ndi masamba owuma.
Mpweya wa okosijeni umafunikira magawo opepuka kwambiri. Ndi kudziyimira pawokha kwa zosakaniza za nthaka, ndikofunikira mu 1: 1: 1: 2: 1:
- pepala, ma turf, humus ndi peat nthaka;
- mchenga wabwino.
Mpweya wa okosijeni sukula kukhala anyezi umodzi, ndiye kuti zidutswa 8-10 zimayikidwa mumtsuko. Zomera zobzala zimabisidwa m'nthaka ndi 1 cm.
Dongo loumbika lomwe limakhala dongo lotukutira liyenera kuyikidwa mumphika. Pambuyo pothira, duwa limasunthidwa m'chipinda chozizira komanso chochepa kuthirira.
Kusamalira Oxalis Kunja
Oxalis amakula bwino bwino mopewa komanso m'malo owonekera. Dothi limasankhidwa lachonde, lotayirira komanso lopumira. Asidi okonda nthaka alibe mbali kapena pang'ono acidic. Ngati pali chosoweka, ndiye musanabzale maluwa, ikani dothi, kenako onjezani peat ndi kompositi. Mbande zimayikidwa mozama masentimita 3-4, mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala 10-12 cm. Kubzala ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchitika mkati mwa Epulo, nyengo yotentha koma yamitambo.
Nthawi zambiri, oxalis imakhala ndi mvula yachilengedwe yokwanira, koma ngati chilala chikuwoneka, ndiye kuti tchire limathiriridwa ndi madzi osawerengeka m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Pakangotha miyezi ingapo, mbewuyo imaphatikizidwa ndi mchere kapena Korovyak wosakanizidwa.
M'dzinja, duwa liyenera kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Kuti muchite izi, mulch lapansi pakamphepo. Palibenso chifukwa chodera nkhawa za gawo lapadziko lapansi la oxalis, chifukwa lidzawuma, koma tubers lidzakhalabe lathanzi mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yotsatira.
Kubalana kwa oxalis
Popanga asidi, zinthu monga kubzala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- mababu;
- tubers
- kudula;
- mbewu.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mababu:
- phokoso limachotsedwa m'chidebe ndikutsukidwa madzi otentha;
- mababu amapatukana mosamala ndi wina ndi mnzake;
- zomwe zimabzala zomwe zayikidwa kwa mphindi 15 pakulimbikitsanso kukula; Kornevin amadziwika kuti ndi njira yodziwika;
- anyezi mu zidutswa zochepa amaziyika mumiphika, kenako zotengera zimatengedwa kupita kumalo otentha;
- zitatha kuphulika, chotengera chimasunthidwa kuchipinda chowala.
Kubwezeretsanso ndi ma tubers kumachitika molingana ndi algorithm yomweyo.
Ngati chisankhochi chidagwera, ndiye kuti musonyeze izi:
- pansi, dulani tsinde;
- Chotsani masamba owonjezera, awiri okha ayenera kutsalira;
- njirayi imayikidwa m'madzi;
- Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mphukira zoyambirira zimatuluka, zikafika 1.5 cm, zimasulidwira dothi lotayirira.
Njira yofalitsira mbewu pakati pamaluwa siyabwino, popeza mitundu yamkati imachulukitsa zochulukitsa zawo, ndi mbewu za m'munda - zodzigulitsa.
Zolakwika mu O oxygen Care
Pakusamalidwa kwa oxalis, wamaluwa a novice amatha kupanga zolakwika zomwe, ngati zitadziwika kuti zitha kupangitsa kuti duwa lithe:
| Zotsatira pa masamba | Chifukwa | Kuthetsa |
| Kusintha kwa utoto. | Kuwala koyipa. | Tanki yokhala ndi asidi imasunthidwa kupita kumalo opepuka. |
| Kufota. | Kuthirira kwambiri. | Pakusintha kwa oxalis, ngalande yapamwamba imapangidwa mumphika kuti ichotse chinyezi chambiri. Konzani njira yothirira. Mpweya wa okosijeni umapukutika pokhapokha dziko litapukuta mumphika. |
| Maonekedwe a mawanga. | Chesa | Zomera zimasunthidwa ku mthunzi wochepa. Chowonera m'munda chophimba ndi tulle. |
| Malangizo owuma. | Chinyezi kuchepa, kutentha kwambiri, kuyatsidwa ndi dzuwa mwachindunji. | M'nyengo yotentha, duwa limasinthidwa nthawi zina ndimadzi. |
| Anatambasula masamba ndi thunthu. | Kuperewera kwa kuwala. | Masamba otambawo amakonzedwa, ndipo wowawayo amasamutsidwira m'chipinda chowala bwino. |
| Kuyanika ndi kufa. | Njira zachilengedwe. | Gawo lonse la duwalo limadulidwa, ndipo wowawayo amaloledwa kupita kuchipinda chodetsa thupi. Pakatikati, oxalis ayamba kukula. |
Matenda, tizirombo ta oxalis ndi kuwongolera kwawo
Pa kukula kwa acid, imatha kuthana ndi tizilombo komanso matenda:
| Tizilombo / matenda | Zizindikiro Mawonekedwe akunja pamasamba | Chifukwa | Menyani |
| Spider mite | Potembenuka, mkatimo mumakhala tsamba loyera loyera. | Mpweya wouma. | Maluwa amathandizidwa ndi Actellic kuchepetsedwa m'madzi. Bwerezani pambuyo pa sabata. |
| Ma nsabwe | Sinthani mawonekedwe, kumbali yosiyanasiyanaku mukusonkhana tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri. | Mu kapu yamadzi yikani supuni ya sopo wamadzi ndi chipwirikiti. Potsatira njira yothetsera vutoli, swab thonje limasungunuka ndipo madera onse okhudzidwa ndi maluwa amasambitsidwa. | |
| Fusarium | Kuuma, kuyanika kwoyera kumapezeka m'munsi mwa tsinde. | Kuchuluka kwa madzi, kusayenda kwamadzi. | Asiti wowawasa amachotsedwa mumphika ndipo mizu imatsukidwa bwino. Madera owola amalidula kuti mulingo wa minofu yathanzi. Chomera chimathandizidwa ndi Fundazole ndikuchiyika muchiwiya chatsopano chokhala ndi ngalande yapamwamba kwambiri. |
Zothandiza zimatha asidi, kugwiritsa ntchito, contraindication
Mwa zina zabwino za oxalis, zotsatirazi zadziwika:
- diuretic ndi choleretic;
- antiparasitic;
- kuyeretsa ndi kuchiritsa mabala (kwa ntchito yakunja);
- odana ndi yotupa ndi hemostatic (gwiritsani ntchito wamba wowawasa asidi);
- antipyretic;
- okodzetsa ndi antitoxic.
Koma, ngakhale mtengo umapindulira kwambiri, pali zotsutsana zingapo pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake:
- matenda a chiwindi ndi impso;
- gout
- kuvala mavuto;
- urolithiasis;
- matenda a kapamba.
Mtengowu ulibe mankhwala okha, komanso uli ndi zipatso zokoma, chifukwa chake oxalis imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika:
- onjezerani masamba a masamba m'malo sorelo;
- msuzi wa kabichi umaphika pamaziko ake;
- udzu watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku zakumwa zotsitsimula, izi zimathandizira kuthetsa ludzu mwachangu.
Mpweya wa okosijeni uli ndi zinthu izi:
- Oxalic acid. Imakhala ndi phindu pakuwonjezereka kwa kapamba ndi m'mimba. Imagwira gawo lofunikira mu hematopoiesis, ndipo thupi limadzaza ndi magnesium, chitsulo ndi potaziyamu.
- Malic acid. Zimathandizira kudzimbidwa, zimakonza njira za metabolic, zimakhudza bwino mawonekedwe.
- Succinic acid. Zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a cholesterol, zimapangitsa kukana kwa thupi pazotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala. Amachepetsa mulingo wa uric acid, womwe umakonza mkhalidwe waminyezo.
- Folic acid. Amathandizira kupanga DNA, imawonjezera mphamvu, imathandizira kugwira ntchito kwamkati kwamanjenje, imatengera hematopoiesis.
- Vitamini A. Amalimbitsa maselo komanso chitetezo chathupi. Amathandizira polimbana ndi zotupa zoyipa, amasintha maselo a khungu mwachangu.
- Vitamini C. Amathandizira chitetezo cha m'thupi. Imakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi zotupa, imachotsa ma virus angapo ndi ma virus.
- Wokoma. Ndi imodzi mwa chakudya chamagulu omwera, omwe amasinthidwa kukhala glucose, ndikofunikira pakuphatikizidwa kwa mphamvu m'thupi.
- Njira. Imalimbitsa ma capillaries, kusungunula zolemba za atherosselotic, kubwezeretsa kuyambika kwa mtima.
- Carotene. Imaletsa kulowa kwa zinthu zovulaza m'thupi, kumalimbana ndi ukalamba.
Imakhala ndi zopindulitsa pa boma la mtima. Ndipo izi sizinthu zonse zopindulitsa zomwe zimapezeka pakuphatikizidwa kwa wowawasa.
