Ngakhale kuti makungwa a khungwa samasiyana ndi kukula kwakukulu, amachititsa kuti zinthu ziwonongeke m'minda yamaluwa, matabwa ndi matabwa. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kusintha kwa nyengo kwachititsa kuti kubereka kwa misala izi zisawonongeke. Kuonjezera apo, mitengo yambiri ya mitengo imathandiza kuti izi zisamayende bwino popanda mitengo yowonongeka. Pachifukwa ichi, mwiniwake wa dacha ayenera kudziwa zomwe kachilomboka kamakhala ndi momwe angagwirire nazo mnyumbamo.
Mukudziwa? Mphepete mwa buluzi zimayambitsa mitengo yathanzi koma ngati pali zambiri. Ngati tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timakhazikika ku mitengo yakale, yofooka ndi yodwala. Mitengo ya Coniferous, makamaka paini, ndiyo yotchuka kwambiri kwa makungwa a makungwa. Komabe, mitundu yina ya tizilombo imakhala mumtundu wina, kuphatikizapo zipatso. Pakatikatikati mwa chikhalidwe, chikumbu chaching'ono cha six-toothed chimapezeka.
Makungwa a beetle: ndi tizilombo tooneka bwanji
Mphepete mwa makoswe amapanga gulu la kachirombo kakang'ono ka dzina lomwelo la ana aang'ono, lomwe limafotokozera mitundu yokwana 750 yokha, yomwe 140 ndi yofala ku Ulaya. Gulu la beetle limatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa chakuti mitundu yake yambiri imayendetsa moyo wawo pansi pa khungwa. Mbalame zazikulu kwambiri zamakungwa zomwe zinapezekapo pa dziko la Europe zinkafika mamita 8 mm, ndipo yaying'ono - yosapitirira 1 mm. Komabe, kumadera otentha pali mitundu mpaka 1.5 masentimita. 
Pozindikira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha komanso kuti tipewe kuwonongeka, ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti tiwone momwe kachilomboka kamayendera. Mutu wa tizilomboyo ndi wawung'ono, wosalongosoka bwino, wongolankhula bwino kapena wodula kwambiri, malingana ndi kugonana: Amuna ali ndi mutu wapamwamba, azimayi. Kumbuyo kumbuyo mano amakonzedwa mu mizere yosasinthasintha, kupanga gulu la ma tubercles owonekera. Maonekedwe a nsana ndi ozungulira, quadrangular, elongated.
Pamphepete mwa tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo timatulutsa kapena miyeso yomwe imaphimba pamwamba pawo. Achikulire ndi ofiira, mutu ndi wamdima, pafupifupi wakuda. Mphungu ya khungwa kameneka ndi yopanda mphamvu, yofiira, yofanana ndi nyongolotsi yaing'ono. 
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale kachilomboka kameneka ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, palinso phindu lina lomwe tizilombo timabweretsa. Mphepete mwa makoswe amabwezeretsa mapulogalamu, ndiye chifukwa chake amatchedwa "anamwino a m'nkhalango".
Nthawi zambiri mnyumba ndi m'munda mungapeze tizirombo ta mitundu itatu:
- Chiwombankhanga - lalikulu kwambiri, imatha kutalika kwa 12 - 15 mm. Mdima wofiira, umaoneka m'chilimwe, amasiya dzenje lodziwika kwambiri m'nkhalango. Moyo wa kachilomboka kameneka ndi wotalika kwambiri - mpaka zaka khumi, zomwe zimapangitsa kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'malo movuta, popeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ndi nthawi yoononga mtengo kuchokera nthawi yayitali.
- Chikumbu cha Samani - mpaka 3 mm, wakuda. Anthu achikulire achoka pamtengo kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Mu nyengo yotentha amapezeka pamakoma kapena kudenga. Maenje omwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya mumtengowo timakhala ndi mamita 1.5 mm, kotero kuti tipeze kachilomboka, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa pansi, mipando, mabwalo oyandikana ndi mitengo. Kuzungulira moyo kwa tizilombo ndi zaka 2-3.
- Chikumbu cha nkhuku - wotchedwa choncho chifukwa chakuti amatha kupukuta nkhuni kukhala ufa, wofanana ndi ufa. Anthu akuluakulu amakhalanso ofiira, koma ndi aakulu kwambiri kuposa omwe apitawo, mpaka 6 mm. Mbalamezi zimawoneka kumapeto kwa nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe, zimauluka mobwerezabwereza mumdima. Amakonda nkhuni zowonongeka, choncho nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mabwinja. Maphunziro a moyo - mpaka chaka chimodzi.
Zapadera za moyo wa khungwa la kachilomboka kuposa kachilombo koopsa m'munda
Malo okhala kachilomboka amasiyana malinga ndi mitundu. Zina mwa izo zimapangidwa kokha pa mitengo yamoyo, ena amakonda kuponyedwa matabwa. Palinso mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala ndi labyrinths, yomwe imapangidwa ndi tiziromboti mumtengo. Choncho, mwa mtundu womwe umayenda, mungadziwe mtundu wa kachilomboka kamene kali ndi kachilomboka. 
Mitundu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imakhala yofanana, koma chiwerengero cha mibadwo yomwe ingakhale yosiyana komanso imadalira malo komanso malo okhalamo. Nthawi yoika mazira kwa anthu okhwima m'mabotle ndi yaitali kwambiri. Choyamba, mkazi amaika mazira - mpaka zidutswa 80 panthawi imodzimodziyo m'ming'alu ya mabowo. Pambuyo pa masabata 4-5, mphutsi zimawoneka, zomwe zimadya msanga nkhunizo.
Mphungu ya khungwa imatuluka mumtengo kwa zaka pafupifupi 3-4, kuwononga mtunda wokwana 15-20 cm. Pambuyo pake, mphutsi imatha kugwedeza pafupi ndi nkhuni, kumene imakhala ngati pupa. Patatha milungu 7-8, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasiya mtengo ndikupita kukafunafuna awiriwa. Pambuyo pa kukwatira, moyo umabwerezedwa.
Zochitika zam'nyengo mu mitundu yonse ya makungwa a khungwa ndi zosiyana: pakatikati pamtunda pali mitundu yonse ya masika ndi zomwe zimatha kuuluka chilimwe. Ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku pa mitundu yonse ya zamoyo zomwe zilipo ku Ulaya zimakhala zofanana - zimathawa dzuwa litalowa. 
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kuvulaza mitengo osati mitengo yambiri ya mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo, komanso kuwononga ana. Komabe, izi siziri zonse zomwe kachilomboka kamakhala koopsa ndi. Mitundu monga zipatso zamatabwa ndi zamakwinya zingathe kuwononga zipatso za zipatso ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimawononga ku munda wonse.
Nyongolotsi m'munda nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa tizirombo, kotero muyenera kudziwa momwe mungagwirire ndi earwig, apulo zipatso njenjete, slugs, weevil, mbewa, nsabwe za m'masamba, nsapato, ndi maworworms.
Mabombawa ndi owopsa kwambiri pa nyumba zamatabwa, nyumba zamatabwa, komanso nyumba zamatabwa ndi zigawo zina za nyumba. Zowonongeka zomwe amatha kupereka zimakhala zofanana ndi kuwonongeka kwa moto.
Zizindikiro za kachilomboka kakang'ono m'munda, momwe angadziwire tizilombo
Choopsa chachikulu kumunda ndi chipatso cha khwetekere, chomwe chimakhazikika pa apulo, chitumbuwa, phokoso lakuya nkhuni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kulimbana nazo. Zilondazi ndi mphutsi zawo zimadumpha kudutsa mumphepete mwa mavesi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo iwonongeke. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti tizilombo timasankha mitengo yambiri, yokalamba komanso yofooka, ndipo nthawi zambiri timayambitsa mbewu zabwino. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Zizindikiro za moyo wa tizilombo n'zosavuta kuzindikira:
- Kuwonekera kawirikawiri kwa mitengo yamatabwa mu mitengo ndi chizindikiro cha makungwa a kachilomboka kachilombo kugonjetsedwa;
- mabowo ang'onoang'ono m'makungwa ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu, kusonyeza kuti mtengowo umakhudzidwa ndi khungulu, komanso kuti mphutsi zatha kale kuchoka ndipo matendawa akhoza kuwonjezeka mu mliri;
- masamba kapena singano zatha;
Palinso zizindikiro zina zosautsa zomwe zimasonyeza kuti mtengo umene kachilomboka kamakhalako kamakhalako, sangathe kupulumutsidwa ndipo ayenera kuonongeka mwamsanga:- pansi pa mbiya zikuwoneka pfumbi labwino, lofanana ndi malo owuma a khofi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtengo uli ndi kachilombo kochuluka;
- Ngati khungwa likufa pamtengo wa mtengo ndikugwa, ndiye mtengo wafa, ngakhale pali nthambi zamoyo.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi makungwa a kachilomboka mudziko, malangizo abwino kwambiri
Kuvuta kwakukulu kolimbanirana ndi makungwa a mitengo yamtundu wa mitengo kumakhalapo chifukwa chakuti zimathera pafupifupi moyo wake wonse mkati mwa nkhuni, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti njira zothandizira mankhwala sizimapereka zowonjezera zana: ndizovuta kukonzekera kulowa mkatikati mwa mtengo.
Koma mungathe kulimbana ndi mliriwu ngati khungwa, ndipo muyenera kuchita mwamsanga, mwamsanga mukangokhalira kukayikira za kukhalapo kwake m'munda kapena pamatabwa.
Choyamba, ndiyenera kuyesa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mtengo. Pogwedeza zidutswa za makungwa m'madera ndi mabowo, kufooka kwathunthu ndi kuphulika, sungapulumutsidwe. Pankhaniyi, chomera chodetsedwa chimadulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Ngati palibe matabwa awiri kapena atatu omwe amawonedwa pa thunthu, ndipo mtengo wonsewo umawoneka wathanzi, makungwawo sagumuka m'mbuyo, ngati mutayesa kuwaponya ndi mpeni, mukhoza kuupulumutsa.
Musanayambe kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, muyenera kukonzekera ntchito: valani zida zanu zoteteza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito burashi wolimba kuti muchotse dothi pamtengo kuti tizilombo tizitha kugwira bwino ntchito. 
Kukonzekera ndi jekeseni ndi sitiroko m'makoti opangidwa ndi mbozi. Ndondomeko monga Antizhuk, Anti-Shashelin, Confidor, Calypso ndi Empire-20 zatsimikizira kuti zatha. Njira yothetsera mankhwala imayikidwa m'mayenje awiri kapena anai, pamene imatchulidwa, kenako ndimeyi imakhala ndi munda wamaluwa.
Zina mwa njira zomwe zingathenso kuthana ndi tizilombo ndi mankhwala okhudzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Izi ndizowonjezera kuwonjezera pa mankhwala amtunduwu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma n'zotheka kuigwiritsa ntchito mosasamala ndi mtengo pang'ono. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito phula kapena mafuta, yankho lomwe limagwira mabowo mumitengo. Chithandizo ndi njirayi ikhoza kuchitidwa ngati njira yowonetsera nthawi ya masika, mwamsanga mutatha maluwa. Kupopera mbewu mankhwala a nthambi, mitengo ikuluikulu ndi korona kumachitidwa kawiri ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri. 
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi othandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi kachilomboka ka khunyu, pamene amawononga mbozi yomwe imakhudzana ndi mankhwalawa kapena wina ndi mzake ngati munthu mmodzi amakumana ndi nkhuni. Awa ndi anthu akuluakulu, chifukwa n'zotheka kufika mphutsi chifukwa chakuya kwake. Pamene mphutsiyo imakhala kachilomboka ndipo imalowa m'nthaka, idzafa nthawi yomweyo, osakhala nayo nthawi yoika mazira atsopano. Choncho, zikupezeka kuti ziwononge chiwerengero chonse cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Chitetezo, momwe mungatetezere munda ku tizirombo
Kupewa maonekedwe a makungwa a khungwa ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'munda. Ganizirani njira zothandizira kwambiri zomwe zingathe kupulumutsa munda ndi matabwa kuchokera kufunikira kuwonongedwa:
- kudulira nthawi zonse nthambi zowuma ndi matenda m'mitengo. Izi sizilola kuti tizilombo tifalikire.
- kudayirira pachaka ndi mandimu;
- mankhwala ndi phosphoric ndi kukonzekeretsa zakuthupi panthawi ya kuphulika kwa makungwa a khungwe ndi khunyu komanso kutuluka kwa makoswe ku makungwa, popeza n'zosatheka kulimbana ndi mphutsi ndi njira zina;
- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala, muyenera kuwonjezera sopo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Izi zidzalola kuti mankhwalawa apitirize "kumamatira" ku cortex. Mankhwalawa akubwerezedwa pambuyo pa masabata awiri kapena atatu;
- kulengedwa kwa zotchedwa mitego ya makungwa a makungwa. M'nthaŵi ya chilimwe, mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yowonongeka imayikidwa pamtunda wonse wa malo. Mkazi wa tizilombo amatha kusankha bwino "misampha" iyi yowika mazira. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ziwiya zimenezi zimatenthedwa;
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mbalame zomwe zimathandiza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, wakuda wakuda nkhuni ndi wakupha wogwira makungwa a makungwa;
- Chitani kawirikawiri mtengo wa thunthu ndi nthambi zakuda ndi zosakaniza za dongo ndi humus kapena manyowa ndi hydrated laimu.
