M'munda wabwino nthawi zonse pali mitundu yambiri ya plums. Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa anthu adakula chipatso ichi kwa zaka zoposa zana. Pa nthawiyi, mitundu yoposa 300 ya mtengo wa plamu inkaonekera. Ndipo osati malo otsiriza mu mndandanda uwu ndi maula Mirabel.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Mirabelle ndi gulu la mbewu zamaluwa omwe amamera pa mitengo ya sredneroslye, okhala ndi mizu yofanana ndi khungwa lakuda ndi imvi pamtengo ndi nthambi. Korona ikhoza kuthamanga kapena kubwereza malinga ndi zosiyanasiyana. Masamba ali mu mawonekedwe a ellipse, wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndi mzere wojambulidwa; pali mapeto kuchokera pansi.
Mtengo umamasula mu May. Mphukira iliyonse imatha kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 3 maluwa oyera ndi mamita 1.5-2 masentimita. Maluwawo amakhala ndi mapaundi asanu ndipo amasintha pamene palibe masamba. Zipatso ndizozungulira kapena zozungulira, zofiirira (mpaka 2 masentimita), chikasu, mtundu wobiriwira n'zotheka kumbali ya dzuwa, yakucha mu August.
Ndikofunikira! Musasokoneze mazira Mirabel ndi mazira a chitumbuwa chifukwa chakuti zipatsozi ndizooneka mofanana. Powasiyanitsa, ndikwanira kuswa maula pakati ndi kuyang'ana fupa. Mu mirabelle yakucha, mafupawa amasiyanitsidwa bwino ndi zamkati, pomwe pali mitundu yonse ya maulasi, osati mbali yake ya chilengedwe..
Mtengo wotere ukhoza kukhala ndi zaka 25, ndipo umayamba kubala chipatso m'chaka cha 4-5 cha moyo.
Kufalikira
Dziko lakwawo la maula a dzuwa ndi Asia Minor. Lero likukula kumpoto kwa Africa, kumwera kwa Ulaya, makamaka ku Germany ndi ku France. Mirabelle anafika ku Ukraine ndi pakati pa Russia. Ndipo mbewu yolemera kwambiri imakololedwa mu French Lorraine - pafupifupi matani zikwi 15 pa nyengo.
Mukudziwa? Anthu okhala ku Lorraine amaona kuti mtengo wa Mirabelle ndiwo chizindikiro chake. Chaka chilichonse mu August, mutatha kukolola, chikondwerero chonse chimachitika, pomwe a Miss Mirabel amasankhidwa ndi atsikana. Ndipo, ndithudi, amaphika nthata (lotseguka) pogwiritsa ntchito zipatso zosonkhanitsidwa.
Mtengo wa zipatso
Mtengo wa 100 g Mirabelle uli ndi makilogalamu ochepa chabe - koma 40 okha, koma zakudya zake zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri. 
100 g ya zipatso muli:
- masamba mapuloteni - 1 g;
- mafuta - 0,2 g;
- Zakudya - 8.6 g
Kuwonjezera apo, phindu la zakudya za piritsiyi liripo pamaso pa organic acids, mono - ndi disaccharides, fiber (dietary fiber), komanso pamaso pa mavitamini C ndi PP ndi mchere (potaziyamu, calcium, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium, iron).
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chowerenga za mitundu yabwino ya Chinsina, yokhala ndi chonde, yowonjezera, ya chikasu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Mitundu yodabwitsa imeneyi imasonyeza chiwerengero chachikulu. Ndipo timapereka chidwi chanu omwe ambiri mwa wamaluwa:
- "Yellow";
- "Big";
- "Small";
- "Bona";
- "September";
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi agrotechnics yakukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulamu monga Morning, Honey White, Anna Shpet, Eurasia, ndi Stanley.
- "Nancy".
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ambiri omwe alimi wamaluwa amalima zosiyanasiyana "Nancy" pa dziko lawo. Iwo amachikonda chifukwa chakuti mtengo wawonjezereka chisanu ndipo umapereka zokolola zabwino chaka chilichonse.
Tikufika
Ngati mwasankha kudzala Mirabelle mu chiwembu chanu, ndiye kuti sivuta kuchita zimenezo. Mukufunikira kudziwa malamulo ena.
Kusankha malo
Gawo loyamba ndi kusankha malo omwe mtengo wa plamu udzakhazikika. Mirabelle idzamera pamtunda uliwonse, kupatulapo acidic.
Mukudziwa? Njira yosavuta yopezera acidity ya nthaka m'munda wanu - gwiritsani ntchito vinyo wosasa. Ikani pansi ndipo muwone zomwe zimachitika. Ngati thovu zikuwonekera, nthaka siili mbali, ndipo ngati ayi - wowawasa.
Mbali yofunikira ndi kupezeka kwa madzi pansi. Ayenera kukhala osachepera mamiriyoni 1.5 Kuwonjezeranso, malo okula mtsogolo ayenera kukhala dzuwa, opanda mphepo, kutsogolo - kumwera, kumwera-kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo. Ndipo mtunda wa mitengo ina yowonjezera yapafupi iyenera kukhala 3-4 mamita.
Kusankha dothi ndi kukonzekera
Tikupita ku gawo lotsatira. Kokani ku kuya kwa fosholo malo anu osankhidwa. Monga taonera kale, dothi lodzala maula siliyenera kukhala losavuta. Ngati, komabe, imakhala yowonongeka, ndiye iyo imayenera kuchotsedwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito ufa kapena phulusa la dolomite, zokwanira 600-800 g pa 1 lalikulu. m
Tsopano mukufunika kukonzekera dzenje lolowera. Kukula kwake ndi 70 × 70 masentimita, ndipo kuya kwake ndi masentimita 60. Pokumba, dothi la pamwamba limapatulidwa padera, chifukwa ndilo lachonde kwambiri ndipo lidzapindulitsa pamene mukudzala. Pafupi ndi pansi pa dzenje lofukula, muyenera kuwonjezera fetereza. 
Ganizirani mfundo yakuti ngati mutenga chomera cha mtengo wa mirabel, ndiye kuti feteleza, peat, humus) ndi okwanira 3-4 makilogalamu, ndipo ngati masika, onjezerani mchere wambiri - 100 g ya superphosphate ndi 80 g ya potaziyamu .
Ndikofunikira! Konzani dzenje lolowera kuti mubzale plums pasadakhale, mu masabata awiri. Izi zidzakuthandizani kusintha mkhalidwe wa nthaka.
Njira yobwera
Chinthu chovuta kwambiri chodzala maula ndi kukonzekera dothi, zonse sizili zovuta. Pamene chirichonse chiri chokonzeka chodzala, tengani sapling ndi kuchiponyera icho mu dzenje kuti malo ophatikizira akhalebe pamwamba pa nthaka. Pambuyo pake, lembani dzenje ndi nthaka popanda kuwonjezera feteleza.
Pamapeto pake, nkofunika kuthirira malo osabzala mitengo mochuluka kuti apereke zinthu zabwino zowonjezera rooting komanso kukula. Malinga ndi masiku odzala, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tibzala Mirabelle nthawi yachisanu, chifukwa chakuti mtengowo sungakhoze kukhala ndi chisanu chachangu, ngati, ngakhale, ali m'dera lanu.
Video: Kudyetsa kokwanira kwa mbande zamwala Nthaŵi yabwino yobzala m'chaka chiri pafupi masiku 4-5 pambuyo pa chisanu. Komabe, ngati munaganiza kuti mubzala m'dzinja, ndiye kuti mbeuyo ikhale yotsetsereka ndi nthaka kuti chisanu chiphimbe.
Chisamaliro
Choyenera choyenera ndi theka la nkhondo. Koma, ndithudi, ngati mukufuna kuti mtengo wobzalidwa utangoyamba kukondweretsa iwe ndi mbewu zowonongeka ndi zazikulu, uyenera kutsatira malamulo ena a chisamaliro, omwe tidzakuuzani tsopano.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe bwino ndi maphikidwe okonzekera ma plums m'nyengo yozizira, komanso phunzirani momwe mungayamire phokoso kunyumba ndi momwe mungapangire plums compote ndi vinyo wambiri.
Kuthirira
Plum Mirabelle amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, osati m'chilimwe, komanso m'chaka ndi m'dzinja. Kuthira kwabwino kwambiri ndi 1 nthawi pa mwezi, koma ngati chilala chachitika m'mphepete mwako, ndiye kuti kusiyana pakati pa kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa kukhetsa sikusangalatsa makamaka dothi louma. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Mapulogalamu athu sakhala opanda nzeru kwambiri pakuvala, koma akadali oyenera nthawi zonse kufesa nthaka. Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn, mtengo umalumikizidwa ndi urea, pogwiritsa ntchito 50 g fetereza pa 10 malita a madzi. Mtengo umodzi ukhoza okwanira 2 malita a yankho.
Dyetsa mu dongosolo ili:
- chovala choyamba chapamwamba chimachitika mutatha mtengowo ndikuyamba kulowa nyengo yokula;
- chachiwiri - patadutsa milungu iwiri itatha;
- ndi zatsopano - chachitatu, pambuyo pa milungu iwiri.
M'chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, kukula ndi kukula kwa mizu kungapangidwe mwachangu pogwiritsira ntchito kudyetsa foliar. Pachifukwa chimenechi, njira ya heteroauxin imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Izi zachitika chifukwa chakuti chaka chachiwiri mtengo ukhoza kuyamba kubala chipatso, ndipo kuti ukhale zipatso zabwino, umafuna zakudya zambiri m'nthaka, zomwe zimapereka mizu yambiri. 
Mukamadyetsa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya chilimwe, mungathenso kuphatikizapo kuthirira mtengo ndi manyowa. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito saltpeter mu mlingo umenewu: supuni imodzi ku 1 chidebe cha madzi.
Kutsegula ndi kukulumikiza
Kutsegula pafupi-bwino boti kuyenera kuchitidwa ngati n'kofunika. Izi zimapangitsa dothi kukhala lowala ndi porous, lomwe lidzaonetsetsa kutuluka kwa mpweya ku mizu ya mtengo. Monga nkhono, peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga chinyezi nthawi yayitali.
Pezani yankho la funso la momwe mungamere phokoso kunja kwa mwala.Mukamasula, muyenera kuchotsanso namsongole omwe amakula pafupi ndi mtengo. Sangathe kukopa zakudya zokhazokha, komanso zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kotero kuchotsa namsongole kumafunika kukhala mwambo wamba.
Kudulira
Kudulira izi plums zosiyana sizingabweretse mavuto ambiri, chifukwa mtengowo susowa kudulira. Koma pali mfundo zina zomwe ziyenera kutchulidwa. 
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuti pamwamba siwonongeka ndi chisanu cha chisanu. Ngati palibe chowonongeke, ndiye mphukira imodzi yokha yomwe idzapangidwira kuchokera kwa iyo, yomwe idzakhala yopitiliza woyendetsa.
Ngati chiwonongeko chikadalipo, ndiye otsogolera adzakwera mpikisano ngati mawonekedwe a 2-3. Ngati sichichotsedwa nthawi, korona idzayamba molakwika ndikuyamba kuoneka ngati nyanga. Kotero, ngati muwona kukhalapo kwa mphukira zingapo, ndiye kuti muzisankha zothandizira kwambiri ndikuchotsani zina.
Kudulira Mirabelle kumatha kuchitidwa kuti kusonkhanitsa mphukira ku mizu ya mitengo ina, kuphatikizapo nthawi zambiri plums. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito mphukira za 15-20 cm.
Video: Kudulira koyenera
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Ali wamng'ono, mazira Mirabel amamvetsera kwambiri chisanu, kotero muyenera kukonzekera m'nyengo yozizira mosamala kwambiri.
Chitetezo chabwino pa nyengo yozizira chidzakhala kuphatikiza kwa chisanu chogwa posachedwa, komanso udzu, udzu kapena nthambi zowonongeka. Manga thunthu ndi dera lozingazungulira ndi chisanu ndikuyika zakusankhidwa pamwamba. Ntchito yomanga imeneyi idzapulumutsa mtengo osati kutentha, komanso kuchokera ku makoswe osiyanasiyana.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi maonekedwe a maula, komanso njira zowonetsera matenda ndi tizirombo.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya plums yomwe timayimilira sikuti imakhala ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Komabe, ngati mtengo ulibe zakudya, kuthirira, kapena kuti wadwala ndi chisanu, ndiye kuti kukhazikika kwake kumatha kuvutika kwambiri.
Mazira a Mirabelle angawonongeke ndi matenda ndi tizirombo:
- Plum moth. Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, tizilombo timadya chipatso cha mtengo ndipo potero timachepetsa kwambiri zokololazo. Njira zothana ndi tizilombozi zikuphatikizapo kukumba nthaka ndi kuyika matumba a burlap kuzungulira mitengo.
- Sawfly. Mofanana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timadyetsa zipatso za plums. Chotsani icho mwa kukumba nthaka ndi kupopera mbewu.
- Aphid Zimakhala makamaka pamunsi mwa masamba, chifukwa cha zomwe zimatayika mtundu, mtengo womwewo umalefuka, ndipo zipatso sizikhala ndi kuyamba kuvunda. Kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba makamaka kupopera mankhwala monga nitrophene, benzophosphate ndi karbofos.
Mudzidziwe nokha momwe mungagwirire ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zomveka pa plums.
- Rosanna tsamba la masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amawononga masambawa powaponyera mpira. Pambuyo powononga gawo limodzi la masamba, masambawa amathamangira ku malo ena. Ngati zowonongeka sizing'ono kwambiri, ndiye kuti muthe kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, muyenera kusonkhanitsa agulugufe mukamaika mazira. Pa nthawiyi, zidzakhala zosavuta kuchita chifukwa chakuti siziwuluka, koma zikukwawa pamtengo. Ngati chilondacho chafalikira, ndiye kuti kupopera mankhwala ndi nitrophene kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kudzagwira ntchito.
Pa izi, nkhani yathu inatha. Tikukhulupirira kuti mutatha kuziwerenga mwamsanga mudzakula mtengo wokongola, umene udzapatseni chaka chilichonse osati chokoma komanso zipatso. Khalani pa chiwembu chanu zipatso zambiri ndi ndiwo zamasamba, chifukwa mumakhala otsimikiza kuti ndi zothandiza. Tikukhumba inu ndi okondedwa anu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino!
